Hemodynamic changes with two lipid emulsions for treatment of bupivacaine toxicity in swines

PURPOSE: To compare the hemodynamic changes following two different lipid emulsion therapies after bupivacaine intoxication in swines. METHODS: Large White pigs were anesthetized with thiopental, tracheal intubation performed and mechanical ventilation instituted. Hemodynamic variables were recorded with invasive pressure monitoring and pulmonary artery catheterization (Swan-Ganz catheter). After a 30-minute resting period, 5 mg.kg-1 of bupivacaine by intravenous injection was administered and new hemodynamic measures were performed 1 minute later; the animals were than randomly divided into three groups and received 4 ml.kg-1 of one of the two different lipid emulsion with standard long-chaim triglyceride, or mixture of long and medium-chain triglyceride, or saline solution. Hemodynamic changes were then re-evaluated at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 minutes. RESULTS: Bupivacaine intoxication caused fall in arterial blood pressure, cardiac index, ventricular systolic work index mainly and no important changes in vascular resistances. Both emulsion improved arterial blood pressure mainly increasing vascular resistance since the cardiac index had no significant improvement. On the systemic circulation the hemodynamic results were similar with both lipid emulsions. CONCLUSION: Both lipid emulsions were efficient and similar options to reverse hypotension in cases of bupivacaine toxicity. .

Uso de probiótico e óleo de soja sobre o desempenho de frangos de corte / Use of probiotic and soybean oil on the growing broiler chickens / Uso del probiótico y del aceite de soja en el desempeñode los pollos de corte

O objetivo do experimento foi avaliar o desempenho de frangos de corte recebendo dietas com probiótico Biobac , contendo ingredientes ativos de Saccaromyces cerevisae, Lactobacillus acidophylus e Enterococcus faecium, em uso isolado ou associado com 3% de óleo de soja nas fases inicial, engorda e final; respectivamente 1 a 21; 22 a 42 e 43 a 47 dias de idade. Foram utilizadas 3.200 aves de corte de 1 dia de idade de ambos os sexos, distribuídos em um delineamento em blocos casualisados em oito tratamentos com quatro repetições, sendo: T1 - controle, T2 - probiótico em todas as fases, T3 - óleo de soja na fase final, T4 - (T2+T3), T5 - óleo de soja nas fases de engorda e final, T6-(T2+T5), T7 - óleo de soja em todas as fases, T8 - (T2 + T7). As rações continham 22; 20 e 18% de proteína bruta, com níveis de energia metabolizável entre 2.881 a 3.033 kcal/kg conforme a inclusão ou não de óleo de soja. Foram avaliados os ganhos de peso, consumo de ração e conversão alimentar. Somente os períodos de engorda e final cujos tratamentos foram adicionados concomitantemente probiótico e óleo de soja apresentaram os melhores resultados em ganho de peso e conversão alimentar.

The goal of this experiment was to assess broiler chickens performance receveing diet with probiotic Biobac®, contained actives ingredients of Saccaromycescerevisae, Lactobacillus acidophylus and Enterococcus faecium,in isolated use or associated with 3% soybean oil at initial, growing and fi nal phases, respectively 1-21; 22-42 and 43-47 day of age. A gross one 3.200 broilers chicken of both gender were used, distributed in a randomized blocks desing in eight treatments with four repetitions, being: T1- control, T2- probiotic all phases, T3-soybean oil at fi nal phase, T4- (T2 + T3), T5- soybean oil at growing and fi nal phases, T6- (T2 + T5), T7- soybean oil all phases, T8- (T2 + T7). The diets contained 22, 20 and 18% crude protein, with levels of metabolizable energy between 2.881 to 3.033 kcal/kg according to the inclusion or not of soybean oil. Weight gain, feed intake and feed:gain ratio were assessed. Only growing and fi nal phases whose treatments were additioned at the same time probiotic and soybean oil, showed the best results in weight gain and feed intake.

El objetivo del experimento fue avaluar el desempeño de los pollos de corte recibiendo dietas con probiótico Biobac®, conteniendo ingredientes activos del Saccaromyces cerevisae, Lactobacillus acidophylus y Enterococcus faecium, en el uso aislado o asociado con 3% de aceite de soja en las fases inicial, engorda y fi nal; respectivamente 1 al 21; 22 al 42 y del 43 al 47 días de edad. Fueran utilizadas 3.200 aves del corte de ambos los sexos con un día de edad, distribuidos en un diseño en bloques aleatorizados en ocho tratamientos con cuatro repeticiones sendo: T1- control, T2- probiótico en todas las fases, T3- aceite de soja en la fase fi nal, T4- (T2 + T3), T5- aceite de soja en las fases del engorda y fi nal, T6- ( T2 + T5), T7- aceite de soja en todas las fases, T8- (T2 + T7). Las raciones contenían 22; 20 e 18% de proteína bruta, con niveles de energía metabolizável entre 2.881 a 3.033 kcal/kg según la inclusión o no del aceite de soja. Fueron evaluados la ganancia del peso, consumo de ración y conversión alimentar. Solamente los periodos de engorda y fi nal cuyos tratamientos fueran adicionados conjuntamente probiótico y aceite de soja presentaran los mejores resultados en aumento de peso y conversión alimentar.