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1.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 81(2): 293-296, June 2021. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1287284

ABSTRACT

Resumen La taquicardia ectópica de la unión en su variante congénita es una taquiarritmia pediátrica poco frecuente, que por su naturaleza incesante y su refractariedad a los agentes farmacológicos tradicio nales lleva asociada una alta morbimortalidad. Se presentan los casos clínicos de dos pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico de taquicardia ectópica de la unión congénita, que mostraron respuesta inadecuada a las alternativas de tratamiento habituales y que, en consecuencia, desarrollaron miocardiopatía dilatada y disfunción ventricular secundaria a la taquicardia sostenida. En ambos se utilizó ivabradina como alternativa farmacológica innovadora pare el control de ésta con excelente respuesta clínica.


Abstract The congenial form of junctional ectopic tachycardia is a rare variant of pediatric tachyarrhythmia that due to its incessant nature and its refractoriness to the traditionally used antiarrhythmic agents has a high morbimortality The clinical cases of two patients with a diagnosis of congenital junctional ectopic tachycardia with inadequate response to the regular pharmacological options, who developed dilated cardiomyopathy and ventricular dysfunc tion secondary to sustained tachycardia, are presented. In both ivrabadine, a new innovative option was used with excellent clinical response.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional/drug therapy , Electrocardiography , Ivabradine/therapeutic use , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use
2.
Ann Card Anaesth ; 2015 Jul; 18(3): 323-328
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-162331

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Incidence of junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) after repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is 5.6–14%. Dexmeditomidine is a α-2 adrenoceptor agonist modulates the release of catecholamine, resulting in bradycardia and hypotension. These effects are being explored as a therapeutic option for the prevention of perioperative tachyarrhythmia. We undertook this study to examine possible preventive effects of dexmedetomidine on postoperative JET and its impact on the duration of ventilation time and length of Intensive Care Unit stay. Methods: After obtaining approval from the hospitals ethics committee and written informed consent from parents, this quasi-randomized trial was initiated. Of 94 patients, 47 patients received dexmedetomidine (dexmedetomidine group) and 47 patients did not receive the drug (control group). Results: Dexmedetomidine group had more number of complex variants like TOF with an absent pulmonary valve or pulmonary atresia (P = 0.041). Hematocrit on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), heart rate while coming off from CPB and inotrope score was significantly low in the dexmedetomidine group compared to control group. The incidence of JET was significantly low in dexmedetomidine group (P = 0.040) compared to control group. Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine may have a potential benefit of preventing perioperative JET.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Dexmedetomidine/administration & dosage , Dexmedetomidine/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Male , Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional/drug therapy , Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional/prevention & control , Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional/surgery , Tetralogy of Fallot/epidemiology , Tetralogy of Fallot/surgery
3.
Ann Card Anaesth ; 2012 Jul; 15(3): 224-228
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-139676

ABSTRACT

Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2 -adrenergic agonist approved for short-term sedation and monitored anesthesia care in adults. Although not approved for use in the pediatric population, an increasing number of reports describe its use in pediatric patients during the intraoperative period and in the intensive care unit. Dexmedetomidine can potentially have an adverse impact on the cardiovascular system secondary to its negative chronotropic and dromotropic effects. However, it is these cardiac effects that are currently being explored as a therapeutic option for the treatment of perioperative tachyarrhythmias in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). We report the use of dexmedetomidine to treat junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET), which developed following cardiopulmonary bypass for surgical correction of Tetralogy of Fallot in a 6-week-old infant. Within 15 min of increasing the dexmedetomidine infusion from 0.5 to 3 μg/kg/h, JET converted to normal sinus rhythm. This case report provides additional anecdotal evidence that dexmedetomidine may have a therapeutic role in the treatment of perioperative tachyarrhythmias in pediatric patients with CHD. The specific effects of dexmedetomidine on the cardiac conduction system are reviewed followed by a summary of previous reports describing its use as a therapeutic agent to treat perioperative arrhythmias.


Subject(s)
Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists/therapeutic use , Dexmedetomidine/therapeutic use , Electrocardiography/drug effects , Heart Rate/drug effects , Humans , Infant , Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional/drug therapy , Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional/physiopathology , Tetralogy of Fallot/surgery
4.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 71(6): 521-524, dic. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-633911

ABSTRACT

La forma congénita de la taquicardia ectópica de la unión (TEU) es una arritmia poco frecuente que suele presentar dificultades en su manejo farmacológico, con altas tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue informar la experiencia en el seguimiento y el tratamiento de esta forma de taquicardia supraventricular en pacientes menores de un año. Se identificaron siete pacientes con TEU congénita en 28 meses de seguimiento entre 2008 y 2010. El diagnóstico fue realizado en el primer día de vida en cuatro pacientes y dentro de los 150 días de vida en los 3 restantes. Sólo dos presentaron miocardiopatía dilatada. Ninguno presentó cardiopatía estructural. Se utilizó amiodarona en todos los pacientes, en un caso como única droga, asociándose a propanolol en cuatro. En un paciente se asoció flecainida a estos dos fármacos y en otro se la combinó con amiodarona. En un tiempo de seguimiento con un rango de 1-28 meses (media 12.2 meses, mediana 9.75 meses) en tres de los pacientes se consiguió obtener ritmo sinusal alternante con taquicardia nodal lenta; ninguno presentó efectos adversos secundarios a la medicación, ni deterioro de la función ventricular. Hubo sólo una muerte en el grupo estudiado. En conclusión, la combinación de fármacos antiarrítmicos (amiodarona más propranolol y eventualmente flecainida) constituye una alternativa válida para un adecuado control de la TEU congénita en pacientes menores de un año de edad.


Congenital junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is a rare arrhythmia that can be refractory to medical therapy with high morbidity and mortality rates. The aim of this study was to report our experience with pharmacologic management of congenital JET in infants. Seven patients with congenital JET were identified between 2008 and 2010. Only two of them presented dilated cardiomyopathy. There were no congenital structural defects. Amiodarone was given to all the patients, as single therapy in one, and in combination with propranolol in four. In one patient flecainide was administered together with amiodarone and propranolol, and in another patient was used combined with amiodarone. During follow- up with an average time of 12.2 months (median 9.75 months, range 1-28 months), sinus rhythm alternating with slow junctional tachycardia was successfully achieved in 3 patients; no side effects were detected. There was only one death in our study group. The combination of different antiarrhythmics (amiodarone plus propranolol, and eventually flecainide) is a valid option for rhythm control and management of JET in infants.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Amiodarone/therapeutic use , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use , Propranolol/therapeutic use , Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional/drug therapy , Electrocardiography , Follow-Up Studies , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional/diagnosis
5.
Arch. Inst. Cardiol. Méx ; 69(1): 55-62, ene.-feb. 1999. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-258813

ABSTRACT

La taquicardia congénita de la unión A-V es muy rara, con manifestación clínica temprana, pobre respuesta a los diferentes fármacos antiarrítmicos y con una gran morbimortalidad infantil (mortalidad del 35 por ciento). Merece una especial atención tanto en su oportuna detección como en su adecuado manejo con los diferentes procedimientos terapéuticos farmacológicos y no farmacológicos disponibles actualmente. Nosotros reportamos los casos de dos enfermos cuya edad de presentación de la taquiarritmia fue a los tres meses y cuya peculiaridad fue la buena respuesta a los fármacos antiarrítmicos. El Verapamilo y posteriormente la Propafenona intravenosa se usaron para las etapas agudas y una combinación de Propafenona más propranolol inicialmente para la fase crónica. Por manifestaciones de intolerancia, fue necesario cambiar después de un año tal combinación por Sotalol y Digital, con buena respuesta. Hacemos además una revisión de la literatura disponible hasta el momento sobre esta entidad


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Child , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Electrocardiography , Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional/congenital , Propafenone/administration & dosage , Propafenone/therapeutic use , Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional/diagnosis , Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional/drug therapy , Verapamil/therapeutic use
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