Cooperación entre médicos del departamento de emergencias y dermatólogos por telemedicina / Cooperation between emergency department physicians and dermatologists via telemedicine

Las intercurrencias dermatológicas agudas son un motivo de consulta frecuente a las centrales de emergencias, y generalmente los médicos de atención primaria se ocupan del primer nivel de atención. Puede ser necesaria una interconsulta con expertos, aunque no siempre estén disponibles. Ante la necesidad de facilitar dicha interacción a distancia, en Julio 2022 se implementó una herramienta de teledermatología en un hospital de alta complejidad en Buenos Aires, Argentina. Este servicio se limitó a días hábiles con horario restringido, permitiendo la comunicación entre médicos del departamento de emergencias y dermatólogos, a través de WhatsApp institucional. El dermatólogo podía verificar datos de salud relacionados al paciente (ej: comorbilidades y medicación crónica) mediante revisión de la historia clínica electrónica, para decidir sobre un plan de acción. Se evaluó la perspectiva de los usuarios a través de un formulario electrónico tras 3 meses de implementación. Los resultados evidenciaron que la mayoría (85%) de los profesionales conocía la herramienta, y el 57% la había usado al menos una vez. Se obtuvo una mediana de 9 puntos (de una escala de Likert del 1 al 10) sobre la recomendación hacia otro profesional. El teletriage dermatológico resultó beneficioso y fue aceptado, tanto por médicos de guardia como por especialistas. Ante las demoras en la atención ambulatoria, ha resultado una alternativa útil para evitar derivaciones innecesarias y/o acelerar aquellas que verdaderamente lo ameritan. Sin embargo, representa una forma de comunicación informal desde el punto de vista de almacenamiento de datos. Será necesario reflexionar sobre estos tópicos pendientes de esta experiencia asistencial como legalidad, seguridad y confidencialidad (AU)

Acute skin conditions are a frequent reason for consultation in emergency departments, and primary care physicians generally handle them. They might require referrals to experts, who are not always readily available. Recognizing the need to facilitate such interactions remotely, a teledermatology triage tool was implemented in July 2022 at a high-complexity hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The service was limited to business days with restricted hours, enabling communication between emergency department physicians and dermatologists through institutional WhatsApp. Dermatologists could access patient-related health data (e.g., comorbidities and chronic medication) through the electronic medical record to determine an appropriate course of action. The perspective of users was evaluated through an electronic questionnaire after three months of application. Results showed that most professionals were aware of the tool (85%), and 57% used it at least once. The median rating for recommending the tool to other professionals was 9 points (on a Likert scale from 1 to 10). Dermatological teletriage proved beneficial and was well-received by emergency physicians and specialists. In the face of delays in outpatient care, it has been a useful alternative to avoid unnecessary referrals and expedite those that are warranted. However, it represents an informal method of communication with regard to data storage. It will be necessary to rethink on improvements in pending topics such as legal limitations, security, and confidentiality of this healthcare experience (AU)

Reflexiones para optimizar el triaje en cirugía / Reflections to optimize triage in surgery

Introducción: La categorización de las urgencias quirúrgicas es una necesidad en razón al continuo desequilibrio entre la oferta y la demanda de servicios quirúrgicos en la mayoría de las instituciones donde se encuentra habilitada la prestación del servicio. Hay abordajes en el tema, con estrategias de priorización de los casos quirúrgicos, que consideran escalas y flujogramas, pero su ausente validez externa y las particularidades de las instituciones y aseguradores, han limitado una generalización de los resultados. Métodos: Se efectúa una conceptualización del triaje de las urgencias quirúrgicas con planteamientos críticos y reflexivos soportados en la evidencia. Se identifican, asimismo, las posibles oportunidades para la investigación. Discusión: Los beneficios potenciales de un triaje quirúrgico en situaciones de urgencia, son extensivos a todos los actores del sistema de salud, disminuyen la posibilidad de desenlaces y repercusiones económicas negativas para las instituciones y los aseguradores. La teoría de las colas ofrece el soporte para un entendimiento del tema y contribuye en las soluciones. Su adopción es escasa como parte de una estrategia local de priorización quirúrgica en un contexto de urgencia. Conclusión:La creación de estrategias que establezcan el triaje para el paciente con una urgencia quirúrgica están influenciadas por la participación continua y efectiva de los actores involucrados en el proceso y en su impacto en los desenlaces clínicos

Introduction: Categorizing surgical emergencies is necessary due to the continued imbalance between the supply and demand of surgical services in most institutions where the service is enabled. There are approaches to the subject, with strategies for prioritizing surgical cases, which consider scales and flowcharts, but their lack of external validity and the particularities of the institutions and insurers have limited the generalization of the results. Methods: A conceptualization of the triage of surgical emergencies is carried out with critical and reflective approaches supported by evidence. Potential research opportunities are also identified. Discussion: The potential benefits of surgical triage in emergent situations are extensive to all health system actors, reducing the possibility of adverse outcomes and economic repercussions for institutions and insurers. Queuing theory offers support for understanding the issue and contributes to solutions. However, its adoption is scarce in an emergency as part of a local surgical prioritization strategy. Conclusion: The creation of strategies that establish triage for the patient with a surgical emergency is influenced by the continuous and effective participation of the actors involved in the process and its impact on clinical outcomes

CREAS e covid-19: desafios e perspectivas da psicologia no Norte de Minas / CREAS and covid-19: challenges and perspectives for Northern Minas Gerais psychology / CREAS y covid-19: desafíos y perspectivas de la psicología en el Norte de Minas

Este artigo analisa os desafios e estratégias de atuação de psicólogas(os) nos Centros de Referência Especializados de Assistência Social (CREAS) do norte de Minas Gerais durante a pandemia de covid-19. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, quanti-qualitativo, de corte transversal e com análise de conteúdo e estatística para a interpretação de dados primários e meio de questionário eletrônico, emergiram os seguintes eixos temáticos: (a) Perfil sociodemográfico das(os) trabalhadoras(es); (b) Medidas de prevenção à contaminação para quem? Impactos da pandemia na práxis da psicologia no CREAS; (c) Chegada das demandas no CREAS; e (d) Tenuidade entre as potencialidades e vicissitudes do uso das tecnologias digitais. Observou-se que a inserção das(os) trabalhadoras(es) nos CREAS é marcada por contratos temporários, altas jornadas de trabalho e baixa remuneração. Além disso, com a pandemia de covid-19, têm enfrentado obstáculos como a falta de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI) e de prevenção ao vírus. A chegada de demandas aos CREAS também foi afetada pela pandemia, como apontam as análises estatísticas dos registros mensais de atendimento dos municípios. As tecnologias digitais se configuraram como a principal estratégia adotada no ambiente de trabalho dos CREAS. Conclui-se que, se por um lado, a pandemia engendrou e acentuou obstáculos para a práxis da psicologia; por outro, a imprevisibilidade desse cenário e a potência da psicologia norte-mineira possibilitaram diversas estratégias para assistir os usuários.(AU)

This article analyses the challenges and strategies over the psychologists activity at the Specialized Reference Centers for Social Assistance (CREAS), from the north of the state of Minas Gerais during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is a descriptive, quantitative-qualitative study on content and statistics analysis for interpretation of primary and secondary data, with 19 psychologists participating. From interviews made with electronic questionnaires, the following theatrical axes emerged: (a) Social demographic profile of workers; (b) Prevention measures over contamination directed to which public? The impacts of the pandemic over the practice of psychology at CREAS; (c) Demand reception at CREAS; and (d) Tenuity between potentialities and vicissitudes of the use of digital technologies. The workers insertion at CREAS is notably marked by transitory working contracts, long labor journeys, and low wages. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic is causing hindrances such as the lack of personal protection equipment (PPE) and virus prevention. The demands received by CREAS were also affected by the pandemic, as shown in the statistics analysis from monthly county treatment records. The digital technologies were the main strategy enforced by the working environment at CREAS. In conclusion, if on the one hand, the pandemic produced and increased obstacles for the practice of Psychology, on the other hand, the unpredictability of this scenery and the capacity of the psychology of the north of Minas Gerais enabled diverse strategies to attend the users.(AU)

Este artículo analiza los desafíos y las estrategias en la actuación de psicólogas(os) en los Centros de Referencia Especializados de Asistencia Social (CREAS) del norte de Minas Gerais (Brasil) durante la pandemia de la COVID-19. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, cualicuantitativo, de cohorte transversal, con análisis de contenido y estadísticas para la interpretación de datos primarios y secundarios, en el cual participaron 19 psicólogas(os). De las entrevistas en un cuestionario electrónico surgieron los siguientes ejes temáticos: (a) perfil sociodemográfico de los(as) trabajadores(as); (b) medidas de prevención de la contaminación ¿para quién? Impactos de la pandemia en la praxis de la psicología en CREAS; (c) la llegada de demandas a CREAS y; (d) la tenuidad entre las potencialidades y vicisitudes del uso de tecnologías digitales. Se observó que la inserción de las(os) trabajadoras(es) en el CREAS está marcada por contratos laborales temporales, largas jornadas y baja remuneración. Además, con la pandemia de la COVID-19, se han enfrentado a obstáculos como la falta de equipo de protección personal (EPP) y prevención del virus. La llegada de demandas al CREAS también se vio afectada por la pandemia, como lo demuestran los análisis estadísticos de los registros mensuales de atención de los municipios. Las tecnologías digitales se han convertido en la principal estrategia adoptada en el entorno laboral de los CREAS. Se concluye que si, por un lado, la pandemia engendró y acentuó obstáculos a la praxis de la Psicología, por otro, la imprevisibilidad de este escenario y el poder de la Psicología en el norte de Minas Gerais posibilitaron varias estrategias para asistir a los usuarios.(AU)

Phytochemical Screening and chemical investigation of lipoidal matter of the leaves of Latania verschaffeltii Lem. Family Arecaceae cultivated in Egypt

Abstract This study presents the first preliminary phytochemical screening and investigation of the lipoidal matter of Latania verschaffeltii Lem. leaves, belonging to the Arecaceae family. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) was used to analyze and identify compounds of saponifiable and unsaponifiable content. The preliminary phytochemical screening of total methanolic extract of Latania verschaffeltii Lem. leaves revealed the presence of unsaturated sterols and/or triterpenes, carbohydrates and/or glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and phenolic acids in the leaves. However, cardenolides, cyanogenic compounds, alkaloids, and iridoids were not detected. The results of the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis indicated that the percentage of saturated fatty acids (83.82%) is higher than that of unsaturated fatty acids (9.42%). The predominant methyl ester of a saturated fatty acid detected in the sample was hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, accounting for 41.68% of the total. The composition of the unsaponifiable matter consisted of hydrocarbons (5.66%), fatty alcohols (0.96%), terpenes (85.97%), and sterols (2.18%). The major terpenes observed were phytol (43.62%) and squalene (39.27%).

Construction of integrated platform for emergency clinical scientific research based on big data / 中华危重病急救医学

OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical rules based on the big data of the emergency department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, and to establish an integrated platform for clinical research in emergency, which was finally applied to clinical practice.@*METHODS@#Based on the hospital information system (HIS), laboratory information system (LIS), emergency specialty system, picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) and electronic medical record system of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, the structural and unstructured information of patients in the emergency department from March 2019 to April 2022 was extracted. By means of extraction and fusion, normalization and desensitization quality control, the database was established. In addition, data were extracted from the database for adult patients with pre screening triage level III and below who underwent emergency visits from March 2019 to April 2022, such as demographic characteristics, vital signs during pre screening triage, diagnosis and treatment characteristics, diagnosis and grading, time indicators, and outcome indicators, independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#(1) The data of 338 681 patients in the emergency department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from March 2019 to April 2022 were extracted, including 15 modules, such as demographic information, triage information, visit information, green pass and rescue information, diagnosis information, medical record information, laboratory examination overview, laboratory information, examination information, microbiological information, medication information, treatment information, hospitalization information, chest pain management and stroke management. The database ensured data visualization and operability. (2) Total 140 868 patients with pre-examination and triage level III and below were recruited from the emergency department database. The gender, age, type of admission to the hospital, pulse, blood pressure, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and other indicators of the patients were included. Taking emergency admission to operating room, emergency admission to intervention room, emergency admission to intensive care unit (ICU) or emergency death as poor prognosis, the poor prognosis prediction model for patients with pre-examination and triage level III and below was constructed. The receiver operator characteristic curve and forest map results showed that the model had good predictive efficiency and could be used in clinical practice to reduce the risk of insufficient emergency pre-examination and triage.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The establishment of high-quality clinical database based on big data in emergency department is conducive to mining the clinical value of big data, assisting clinical decision-making, and improving the quality of clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Evaluate the incidence, topography, management, and outcomes in patients with polytrauma in the Suez Canal and Sinai areas

Introduction: The global prevalence of trauma-related mortality ranges from 2% to 32%; however, In Egypt, it reaches 8%. Trauma chiefly affects people in the productive age group; seriously ill patients with multiple injuries present with various levels of polytrauma. Application of incorrect triage systems and improperly trained trauma teams increase mortality and morbidity rates in non-dedicated institutions; however, these rates can decrease with appropriate infrastructure. This study aimed to improve the quality of care for patients with polytrauma through improved knowledge of the different severity levels of polytrauma and defined databases, using a suitable triage trauma system, well-trained trauma team, and appropriate infrastructure. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted at the emergency department (ED), over a study period of 7 months, from August 10, 2019, to March 09, 2020. This study included 458 patients with polytrauma who had met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and attended the ED of Suez Canal University Hospital. Results: The incidence of trauma among all emergency cases in the ED was 5.3%. However, most multiple injuries are mild, accounting for 44.4%, while 27.3% of the cases had life-threatening injuries. Moreover, 41.9% of the patients were managed non-operatively, whereas 58.1% of the patients required surgical interventions. Concerning the outcome, 56% and 6.9% of patients with and without life-threatening injuries respectively, died. Conclusion: Facilities of the highest quality should be available for patients with polytrauma, especially those with life-threatening injuries. In addition, training emergency medical service staff for trauma triage is essential, and at least one tertiary hospital is required in every major city in the Suez Canal and Sinai areas to decrease trauma-related mortality.

Biological screening of herbal extracts and essential oil from Plectranthus species: α-amylase and 5-lipoxygenase inhibition and antioxidant and anti-Candida potentials

Abstract The phenolic compound content, the antioxidant and α-amylase inhibition potentials of different extracts of the Plectranthus amboinicus, P. barbatus and P. ornatus were evaluated. We also evaluated the influence of plant growth and harvest time on the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) of P. amboinicus, its antioxidant and anti-Candida activities and the α-amylase and lipoxygenase inhibitions. The turbo-extract of P. barbatus showed the greatest phenolic compound content and antioxidant activity. No α-amylase inhibition activity was observed in the analyzed extracts, but the turbo-extraction and refluxing extracts possessed high antioxidant activities. Protected cultivation and morning harvest conditions gave the best antioxidant activities, which was associated to the highest carvacrol content. P. amboinicus EO antioxidant activity could contribute to the reduction of oxidative stress in diabetes. Causal Candida strains of diabetic foot ulcers showed sensitivity to P. amboinicus EO. C. albicans and C. dubliniensis were the most sensitive of the selected Candida strains. Turbo-extracts or refluxing of the three species extracts and the EO of P. amboinicus should be considered as a potential candidate for the management the complications of type 2 diabetes.

Saúde mental e atuação de psicólogos hospitalares brasileiros na pandemia da covid-19 / Health and works of brazilian hospital psychologists in the covid-19 pandemic / Salud mental y actuación de psicólogos en hospitales brasileños en la pandemia del covid-19

Em março de 2020 a situação causada pela covid-19 foi elevada à categoria de pandemia, impactando de inúmeras formas a vida em sociedade. O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender os impactos da pandemia na atuação e saúde mental do psicólogo hospitalar, profissional que atua nos espaços de saúde e tem experienciado mais de perto o sofrimento dos doentes e dos profissionais de saúde frente à covid-19. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório-descritivo com 131 psicólogos que atuam em hospitais. Os profissionais foram convidados a participar através de redes sociais e redes de contatos das pesquisadoras, utilizando-se a técnica Bola de Neve. Foram utilizados dois questionários, disponibilizados na plataforma Google Forms, um abordando os impactos da pandemia sentidos pelos profissionais e outro referente ao sofrimento psíquico. Os dados foram analisados a partir de estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais. Foram observados impactos na atuação de quase a totalidade dos participantes, constatada a necessidade de preparação dos profissionais para o novo cenário, a percepção de pouco apoio institucional e quase metade da população estudada referiu-se a sintomas de sofrimento psíquico considerável desde o início da pandemia. É fundamental dar atenção a sinais e sintomas de sofrimento psíquico, procurando evitar o adoecimento de uma categoria profissional que se encontra na linha de frente do combate aos danos psicológicos da pandemia e cuja própria saúde mental é pouco abordada na literatura.(AU)

In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic breakout hugely impacted life in society. This study analyzes how the pandemic impacted hospital psychologists' mental health and performance, professional who more closely experienced the suffering of patients and health professionals in this period. An exploratory and descriptive study was conducted with 131 hospital psychologists. Professionals were invited to participate through the researchers' social and contact networks using the Snowball technique. Data were collected by two questionnaires available on the Google Forms platform, one addressing the impacts felt by professionals and the other regarding psychic suffering, and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results showed that almost all participants had their performance affected by the need to prepare for the new scenario, the perceived little institutional support. Almost half of the study sample reported considerable psychological distress symptoms since the beginning of the pandemic. Paying attention to signs and symptoms of psychic suffering is fundamental to avoid compromising a professional category that is on the front line of combating the psychological damage caused by the pandemic and whose own mental health is little addressed by the literature.(AU)

En marzo de 2020, la situación provocada por el COVID-19 se caracterizó como pandemia e impactó el mundo de diversas maneras. El objetivo de este estudio fue comprender los impactos de la pandemia en la salud mental y la actuación del psicólogo en los hospitales, uno de los profesionales que trabaja en espacios sanitarios y que ha experimentado más de cerca el sufrimiento de pacientes y profesionales sanitarios frente al COVID-19. Este es un estudio exploratorio descriptivo, realizado con 131 psicólogos que trabajan en hospitales. Los profesionales recibieron la invitación a participar a través de las redes sociales y redes de contactos de las investigadoras, mediante la técnica snowball. Se utilizaron dos cuestionarios disponibles en la plataforma Google Forms: uno sobre los impactos de la pandemia en los profesionales y el otro sobre el sufrimiento psíquico. Los datos se analizaron a partir de estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales. Se observaron impactos en el trabajo de casi todos los participantes, la necesidad de preparación de los profesionales para este nuevo escenario, la percepción de poco apoyo institucional, y casi la mitad de la población estudiada reportaron sentir síntomas de considerable angustia psicológica desde el inicio de la pandemia. Es esencial prestar atención a los signos y síntomas del sufrimiento psíquico, buscando evitar la enfermedad de una categoría profesional que está a la vanguardia de la lucha contra el daño psicológico de la pandemia y cuya propia salud mental se aborda poco en la literatura.(AU)

Preformulation screening of lipids using solubility parameter concept in conjunction with experimental research to develop ceftriaxone loaded nanostructured lipid carriers

Abstract Development of ceftriaxone loaded nanostructured lipid carriers to increase permeability of ceftriaxone across uninflamed meninges after parenteral administration. Lipids were selected by theoretical and experimental techniques and optimization of NLCs done by response surface methodology using Box-Behnken design. The Δδt for glyceryl monostearate and Capryol90 were 4.39 and 2.92 respectively. The drug had maximum solubility of 0.175% (w/w) in glycerol monostearate and 2.56g of Capryol90 dissolved 10mg of drug. The binary mixture consisted of glyceryl monostearate and Capryol90 in a ratio of 70:30. The optimized NLCs particle size was 130.54nm, polydispersity index 0.28, % entrapment efficiency 44.32%, zeta potential -29.05mV, and % drug loading 8.10%. In vitro permeability of ceftriaxone loaded NLCs was 5.06x10-6 cm/s; evidently, the NLCs pervaded through uninflamed meninges, which, was further confirmed from in vivo biodistribution studies. The ratio of drug concentration between brain and plasma for ceftriaxone loaded NLCs was 0.29 and that for ceftriaxone solution was 0.02. With 44.32% entrapment of the drug in NLCs the biodistribution of ceftriaxone was enhanced 7.9 times compared with that of ceftriaxone solution. DSC and XRD studies revealed formation of imperfect crystalline NLCs. NLCs improved permeability of ceftriaxone through uninflamed meninges resulting in better management of CNS infections.

Immunochromatography screening devices for cannabinoids in oral fluid sample

Abstract Cannabis sativa L. is one of the most consumed drugs in the world and recent studies have associated its use with an increase in the number of traffic accidents in different countries. In many countries, like Brazil, simple and reliable methodologies are still needed for the detection of drugs on site, mainly cannabinoids, considering its prevalence of use and oral fluid (OF) has been proved as an appropriate biological matrix for this purpose. Considering that, this work aims to review previous studies on immunochromatographic devices for on-site detection of cannabinoids in OF, discussing their sensitivity, specificity, cut-offs values and confirmatory methods. This data shows the importance of choosing a screening device and it reinforces the need for its implementation in Brazil. The research was conducted on 5 databases and all original articles, published in the last 10 years, were selected. A total of 32 articles were found, providing data for 17 screening devices of distinct brands. Only 2 screening devices showed satisfactory sensitivity and specificity in the evaluated studies (≥80% and ≥90% respectively). However, it should be considered that the screening devices still have some limitations, such as a higher cut-off than those recommended by international guidelines (cut-off > 2 ng/mL), therefore demonstrating the need for more studies in the area and the importance of confirmatory analysis usually fulfilled by LC-MS/MS, GC-MS/MS or GC-MS. Thus, the screening analyzes should not be evaluated by itself, but in association with confirmatory results and observational traits (behavioral changes), for a better understanding of the traffic scenario

Dos conflictos en la salud pública en pandemia / Two public health conflicts during the pandemic / Dois conflitos na saúde pública na pandemia

Resumen La pandemia del covid-19 ha respondido de forma inédita a la asignación de recursos escasos e insuficientes en emergencia (triage) y a las dificultades de establecer medidas de contención que fluctuaban entre ser sugerentes, persuasivas y coercitivas. Criterios clásicos de triage fueron reemplazados por un utilitarismo extremo basado en criterios médicos objetivamente evaluados para privilegiar personas gravemente enfermas con pronóstico recuperable al aplicar medidas extremas de soporte y tratamiento. Las medidas obligatorias de contención y el llamado a la vacunación no lograron respaldo científico convincente; aplicadas en forma irregular y plagada de incertidumbres e inseguridades, afectaron a los más desaventajados y causaron protestas públicas y desacatos. El triage basado en criterios médicos utilitaristas provocó desazones y serias tensiones mentales en los decidores médicos y miembros de comités ad hoc. Estas experiencias sugieren renovar el discurso bioético individualista y elitista en busca de privilegiar el bien común por sobre intereses individuales.

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic saw unprecedented responses to the allocation of scarce and insufficient triage resources and to the difficulties in establishing containment measures, which oscillated between suggestive, persuasive and coercive. Classical triage criteria were replaced by extreme utilitarianism based on objectively evaluated medical criteria to privilege the critically ill with a recoverable prognosis by applying extreme support and treatment measures. Mandatory containment measures and the call for vaccination failed to achieve convincing scientific support; applied irregularly and plagued by uncertainties and insecurities, they affected disadvantaged groups and caused public outcry and disrespect. Triage based on utilitarian medical criteria caused distress and serious mental strains in medical decision-makers and members of ad hoc committees. These experiences suggest renewing the individualistic and elitist bioethical discourse to privilege the common good over individual interests.

Resumo A pandemia de covid-19 respondeu de forma inédita à atribuição de recursos escassos e insuficientes em situações de emergência (triagem) e às dificuldades para estabelecer medidas de confinamento que oscilavam entre medidas sugestivas, persuasivas e coercitivas. Os tradicionais critérios de triagem foram substituídos por extremo utilitarismo que se baseava em critérios médicos avaliados objetivamente para privilegiar pessoas gravemente doentes com prognóstico recuperável, aplicando medidas extremas de suporte e tratamento. As medidas de confinamento obrigatórias e o chamado à vacinação não tiveram respaldo científico convincente e foram irregularmente aplicadas e assoladas por incertezas e inseguranças, afetando os mais desfavorecidos e provocando manifestações públicas e desrespeito da população. A triagem baseada no utilitarismo causou temores e conflitos entre os tomadores de decisão médica e membros de comitês ad hoc. Isso mostra a necessidade de renovar o discurso bioético individualista e elitista em prol de privilegiar o bem comum sobre os interesses individuais.

Relación entre la respuesta de los servicios sanitarios y la incidencia de COVID-19, Ocotepeque, Honduras / Relationship between the response of health services and the incidence of COVID-19, Ocotepeque, Honduras

La respuesta de los servicios sanitarios es de vital importancia frente a las necesidades emergentes de la población, ya que puede determinar el impacto de una infección de nueva aparición, como la COVID-19. Objetivo: Analizar la respuesta de los servicios de salud públicos ante la pandemia y su relación con la incidencia de COVID-19, Región Sanitaria Departamental de Ocotepeque, Honduras, 2020-2021. Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, con diseño ecológico. La unidad de análisis incluyó los 16 municipios del Departamento de Ocotepeque. Se obtuvo la información sobre las variables de morbimortalidad, capacidad de detección e infraestructura sanitaria de la base de datos de la Unidad de Vigilancia en Salud Regional. Resultados: La Región Sanitaria Departamental de Ocotepeque presentó una incidencia acumulada de 199.7 casos de COVID-19 por cada 10,000 habitantes en el periodo del estudio. La capacidad de detección laboratorial presentó una correlación positiva fuerte de tipo logarítmica con la incidencia de COVID-19 reportada en los municipios (Rho de Spearman=0.91; p<0.01). La atención domiciliaria (Rho de Spearman=0.09; p=0.729) y la disponibilidad de centro de triaje propio (p=0.181) no fueron factores relacionados con la incidencia de la enfermedad registrada en los municipios. Discusión: Solo la capacidad de detección laboratorial mostró correlación a nivel ecológico con la incidencia por COVID-19 registrada. Es necesario realizar investigaciones adicionales que sostengan o redefinan el rol que desempeñan la atención domiciliaria y los centros de triaje, como estrategias de detección y contención para enfermedades pandémicas en el contexto de países de bajos y medianos ingresos...(AU)

Análise de modelos de triagem odontológica / Analysis of dental screening models / Análisis de modelos de cribado dental

Introdução: Diante da realidade virtual que se encontram os procedimentos burocráticos, observa-se a necessidade de se idealizar programas de triagem nas clínicas-escola com os objetivos de se encaminhar pacientes para a clínica mais compatível com as suas necessidades, e substituir os prontuários físicos pelos eletrônicos, numa alternativa ambientalmente correta.Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade de um modelo de triagem informatizado, comparando-o ao modelo utilizado atualmente, no serviço de Serviço de Triagem e Documentação Odontológica do Departamento de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Metodologia: O estudo realizado foi do tipo descritivo, constituído de uma amostra de 50 pacientes, que foram submetidos ao modelo de triagem utilizado atualmente no Serviço de Triagem e Documentação Odontológica do Departamento de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte e a triagem com aplicação de um programa informatizado. Foi avaliada a efetividade do dispositivo e feita uma comparação entre os modelos. A análise estatística foi feita por meio do índice de correlação intra-classe, utilizando-se um banco de dados criado no software Statistical Package for Social Sciences, versão 20.0, adotando significância de 95% (p< 0,05).Resultados: Após análise estatística, com realização de correlação entre os resultados do software e o modelo atual de triagem, obteve-se coeficiente de correlação intra-classe de 0,578, com o nível de significância, para avaliação dos dados obtidos de (P<0,05), foi possível evidenciar que ocorreu correlação satisfatória positiva e significativa entre os resultados do software e o modelo atual de triagem.Conclusões:Os resultados denotam concordância entre os modelos de triagem estudados e demonstram que a utilização destes recursos apresenta resultados satisfatórios. Notadamente, evidenciando-se a vantagem da utilização do modelo de triagem informatizado (AU).

Introduction: In view of the virtual reality of bureaucratic procedures, it is necessary to devise screening programs in school clinics to refer patients to the clinic more compatible with their needs and replace physical with electronic records as an environmentally friendly alternative.Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a computerized screening model, comparing it to the model currently used in the Dental Documentation and Screening Service of the Dentistry Department of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Methodology: The descriptive study consisted of a sample of 50 patients who were submitted to the screening model currently used in the abovementioned service and the computerized screening model. The effectiveness of the device was evaluated and a comparison was made between the models. Statistical analysis was made using the intra-class correlation index and a database created in Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0, adopting a significance of 95% (p < 0.05). Results: An intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.578 was obtained with the significance level of p < 0.05. There was a positive and significant satisfactory correlation between the software results and the current screening model.Conclusions: There was agreement between the studied models and the use of these resources yield satisfactory results. Therefore, the advantage of using the computerized screening model was confirmed (AU).

Introducción: Ante la realidad virtual de los trámites burocráticos, surge la necesidad de diseñar programas de cribado en las clínicas docentes con el objetivo de enviar a los pacientes a la clínica más compatible con sus necesidades, reemplazando los registros físicos y electrónicos en una alternativa ambientalmente correcta.Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de un modelo de cribado informatizado, comparándolo con el modelo utilizado actualmente en el Servicio de Cribado y Documentación Dental del Departamento de Odontología de la Universidad Federal de Rio Grande do Norte.Metodología: El estudio realizado fue de tipo descriptivo, constituido por una muestra de 50 pacientes que fueron sometidos al modelo de cribado actualmente utilizado en el dicho servicio y al cribado mediante programa informatizado. Se evaluó la efectividad del dispositivo y se realizó una comparación entre los modelos. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante el índice de correlación intraclase, utilizando una base de datos creada en el software Statistical Package for Social Sciences, versión 20.0, adoptando un nivel de significación del 95% (p< 0,05).Resultados: Luego del análisis estadístico, con correlación entre los resultados del software y el modelo de cribadoactual, se obtuvo un coeficiente de correlación intraclase de 0.578, con nivel de significancia, para evaluación de los datos obtenidos de (P<0.05). Fue posible mostrar que hubo una correlación positiva y significativa satisfactoria entre los resultados del software y el modelo de cribado actual. Conclusiones: Los resultados muestran concordancia entre los modelos de cribado estudiados y demuestran que el uso de estos recursos presenta resultados satisfactorios. En particular, demostrando la ventaja de usar el modelo de cribado computarizado (AU).

Perfil clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes classificados com o discriminador sepse possível no departamento de emergência / Perfil clínico-epidemiológico de los pacientes clasificados con el posible discriminador de sepsis en el servicio de urgencias / Clinical-epidemiological profile of patients classified with the possible sepsis discriminator in the emergency department

Objetivo: descrever o perfil clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes classificados com o discriminador "sepse possível" do Sistema Manchester de Classificação de Risco em um departamento de emergência terciário. Método: estudo observacional retrospectivo, realizado no período de janeiro de 2018 a dezembro de 2019. A amostra foi composta por 1522 pacientes. A coleta de dados foi realizada em dados de prontuário eletrônico. A análise foi realizada com o uso de estatística descritiva. Resultados: O sexo feminino foi majoritário (50,6%), com idade média de 63,7 anos (±15,48). A maioria dos atendimentos foi por demanda espontânea (74,1%), com tempos médios de espera para CR e tempo de CR de 3/4 e 4/3 minutos, em 2018 e 2019, respectivamente. Conclusão: É necessário associar o protocolo de classificação de risco, já instituído, outros mecanismos a fim de aprimorar o entendimento e o fluxo assistencial acerca de pacientes potencialmente sépticos.(AU)

Objective: The present study aims to describe the clinical profile of patients classified with the discriminator "possible sepsis" of the Manchester Risk Classification System in a terciary emergency department. Method: Retrospective observational study, carried out from January 2018 to December 2019. The sample composed of 1522 patients. Data collection was performed using electronic medical records. Analysis performed using descriptive statistics. Results: Females were the majority (50.6%), with a mean age of 63.7 years (±15.48). Most attendances were by spontaneous demand (74.1%), with average waiting times for risk classification and risk classification time of 3/4 and 4/3 minutes, in 2018 and 2019, respectively. Conclusion: It is necessary to associate the risk classification protocol, already in place, with other mechanisms in order to improve the understanding and care flow about potentially septic patients.(AU)

Objetivo: describir el perfil clínico-epidemiológico de los pacientes clasificados con el discriminador "posible sepsis" del Manchester Risk Classification System en un servicio de urgencias de tercer nivel. Método: estudio observacional retrospectivo, realizado de enero de 2018 a diciembre de 2019. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 1522 pacientes. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante historias clínicas electrónicas. El análisis se realizó mediante estadística descriptiva. Resultados: el sexo femenino fue mayoritario (50,6%), con una edad media de 63,7 años (±15,48). La mayoría de las atenciones fueron por demanda espontánea (74,1%), con tiempos promedio de espera para clasificación de riesgo y tiempo de clasificación de riesgo de 3/4 y 4/3 minutos, en 2018 y 2019, respectivamente. Conclusión: Es necesario asociar el protocolo de clasificación de riesgo, ya existente, con otros mecanismos para mejorar la comprensión y el flujo de atención sobre pacientes potencialmente sépticos.(AU)

Triagem neonatal biológica brasileira: revisão integrativa / Brazilian biological neonatal screening: integrative review

Objetivo: Conhecer as publicações científicas relacionadas à triagem neonatal biológica brasileira. Método: Revisão integrativa nas bases de dados Scielo, SCOPUS, PubMed e Biblioteca Virtual. Descritores utilizados na busca: "Neonatal screening" AND Nursing AND Newborn. Critérios de inclusão: estudos sobre triagem neonatal brasileira, publicados entre 2016 e 2020, nos idiomas português, inglês ou espanhol, que respondessem à questão norteadora. Resultados: Selecionados oito artigos, os dados foram agrupadospor similaridades de conteúdo e organizados em três categorias: período de coleta do teste do pezinho, atuação da enfermagem na triagem neonatal e conhecimento dos pais sobre o teste do pezinho. Conclusão: A maioria dos artigos enfatiza o conhecimento de pais e profissionais de saúde sobre triagem neonatal. Foi possível perceber que desenvolver estratégias de educação em saúde e acompanhamento no pré-natal tiveram impacto positivo no conhecimento da família sobre o tema.

Objective: To learn about scientific publications related to Brazilian biological newborn screening. Method: Integrative review in the Scielo, SCOPUS, PubMed and Virtual Library databases. Descriptors used in the search: "Neonatal screening" AND Nursing AND Newborn. Inclusion criteria: studies on Brazilian neonatal screening, published between 2016 and 2020, in Portuguese, English or Spanish, which answered the guiding question. Results: Eight articles were selected, thedata were grouped by content similarities and organized into three categories: period of collection of the heel prick test, nursing performance in neonatal screening and knowledge about the heel prick test. Conclusion: Most articles emphasize the knowledge of parents and health professionals about neonatal screening. It was possible to realize that developing a health education strategy and prenatal care will have a positive impact on the family's knowledge of the topic.

La COVID-19 y sus repercusiones en la práctica odontológica / COVID-19 and their repercussions on dental practice

La llegada del COVID-19 generó diversos cambios significativos en el área de la salud y particularmente en el área odontológica, donde se priorizaron los tratamientos de urgencia relegando los procedimientos menores y atención de citas a la vía virtual. Otras modificaciones se concentraron en el uso de equipos de protección personal y logística de atención tanto para el paciente como para el profesional, siguiendo las indicaciones de las normas diseñadas para esta función; adicionalmente se hicieron adecuaciones en las áreas de recepción y práctica odontológica, y se capacitó a los profesionales en temas relativos a la enfermedad. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar las implicaciones generadas en la práctica odontológica durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en los ámbitos de triaje, infraestructura, normativa y capacitación (AU)

The arrival of COVID-19 produced a series of significant changes in the health area and particularly in the dental area where emergency treatments were prioritized, relegating minor procedures and appointment care to the virtual route, other modifications focused on the use of personal protective equipment and care logistics for both the patient and the professional following the indications of the standards designed for this function, additionally adjustments were made in the reception and dental practice areas, and professionals were trained on issues related to the disease. The objective of this article is to analyze the implications generated in dental practice during the COVID-19 pandemic in the areas of triage, infrastructure, regulations and training (AU)

Desafios no acolhimento com classificação de risco sob a ótica dos enfermeiros / Challenges in the reception with risk classification from the perspective of nurses / Desafíos en la recepción con clasificación de riesgo desde la perspectiva de las enfermeras

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender os desafios percebidos pelos enfermeiros no processo de acolhimento com classificação de risco. Método: trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, analítica, realizada com enfermeiros atuantes no acolhimento com classificação de risco em quatro Unidades de Pronto Atendimento do Centro-Norte de Goiás, Brasil, no período de outubro de 2019 a fevereiro de 2020. Resultados: emergiram as seguintes categorias temáticas caracterizadas como dificuldades enfrentadas no serviço de urgência em face da percepção do enfermeiro classificador: "Questões de demanda"; "Questões informacionais"; "Questões de atendimento" e "Questões organizacionais". Conclusão: apuraram-se desafios de demanda que contribuem para a superlotação como desfecho final, e desafios informacionais, de atendimento e organizacional compreendidos como desafios básicos. Esse estudo auxilia a intervenção de forma oportuna a modificar a realidade do serviço de saúde.

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the challenges perceived by nurses in the process of reception with risk classification. Method: this is a qualitative, analytical research, conducted with nurses working in the reception with risk classification in four Emergency Care Units in the North-Central region of Goiás, Brazil, in the period from October 2019 to February 2020. Results: the following thematic categories emerged, characterized as difficulties faced in the emergency service in view of the perception of the nurse classifier: "Demand issues"; "Informational issues"; "Care issues" and "Organizational issues". Conclusion: we found demand challenges that contribute to overcrowding as an outcome, and informational, care, and organizational challenges understood as basic challenges. This study helps the intervention in a timely manner to modify the reality of the health service.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender los desafíos percibidos por los enfermeros en el proceso de acogimiento con clasificación de riesgo. Método: se trata de una investigación cualitativa, analítica, realizada con enfermeras que trabajan en la recepción con clasificación de riesgo en cuatro Unidades de Atención de Emergencia en el Centro-Norte de Goiás, Brasil, en el período de octubre de 2019 a febrero de 2020. Resultados: surgieron las siguientes categorías temáticas, caracterizadas como dificultades enfrentadas en el servicio de urgencias a la vista de la percepción de la enfermera clasificadora: "Cuestiones de demanda"; "Cuestiones informativas"; "Cuestiones asistenciales" y "Cuestiones organizativas". Conclusión: se apuraron los desafíos de demanda que contribuyen a la superlotación como desfase final, y los desafíos informativos, de atención y organizativos comprendidos como desafíos básicos. Este estudio ayuda a la intervención de forma oportuna para modificar la realidad del servicio de salud.