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Este trabalho teve como o objetivo comparar dois Projetos Políticos Pedagógicos, descrever e analisar o desenvolvimento da visão humanística no curso de graduação em Odontologia da Universidade Federal Fluminense, a partir da ótica dos acadêmicos do referido curso. Realizou-se uma pesquisa descritivo-exploratória com enfoque quanti-qualitativo. A coleta de dados deu-se em 03 etapas, as duas primeiras por meio de categorização dos fatores selecionados pelos alunos e a terceira pelo método denominado grupo focal. As estratégias de análises utilizadas foram a categorização, operações estatísticas simples, análise temática e análise crítica com a literatura revisada. Entre os resultados da pesquisa têm-se: não existe diferença entre a visão humanística dos alunos no período inicial quando comparada com as dos alunos no final do período do ciclo profissional no Projeto Pedagógico Antigo, no Projeto Pedagógico Novo, em curso, os alunos demonstram em sua maioria estar voltados para uma visão mais humanística. Conclui-se que a humanização, do processo ensino-aprendizagem no contexto acadêmico pesquisado, apresenta ainda deficiências, constituindo-se, portanto, em um caminho a perseguir, onde o comprometimento de todos os envolvidos neste processo de transformação e formação tem um papel fundamental.

The aim of this paper was to compare two Pedagogical Political Projects, to describe and analyze the development of humanistic vision in the undergraduate course in Dentistry of the Federal University of Fluminense, from the perspective of the academics of this course. A descriptive-exploratory research with quantitative-qualitative approach was carried out. The data collection took place in 03 stages; the first two by categorizing the factors selected by the students and the third by the method called the focal group. The analysis strategies used were categorization, simple statistical operations, thematic analysis and critical analysis with the reviewed literature. The results of the research are: there is no difference between the humanistic view of the students in the initial period when compared to the students at the end of the professional cycle in the Pedagogical Project. In the New Pedagogical Project, in progress, students demonstrate, in majority, aimed at a more humanistic view. It is concluded that the humanization of the teaching-learning process in the researched academic context still presents deficiencies, constituting, therefore, a path to be pursued, where the commitment of all those involved in this process of transformation and formation plays a fundamental role.

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O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar em tomografias computadorizadas as dimensões dos tecidos periodontais supracrestais (TPSC). Cem pacientes, 600 dentes anteriores da maxila (200 incisivos centrais, 200 incisivos laterais e 200 caninos), foram avaliados. A distância média da margem gengival até a crista óssea alveolar (COA) foi de 3.25mm (95% IC: 3.20-3.30), enquanto que da junção cemento-esmalte até a COA foi de 1.77mm (95% IC: 1.72-182mm). As medidas foram significativamente diferentes entre os grupos de dentes (ANOVA, p < 0.001). A tomografia, pode representar uma importante ferramenta para a avaliação das dimensões dos TPSC.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the dimensions of the supracrestal periodontal tissues (SPT) on tomographic scans. One hundred patients, 600 maxillary anterior teeth (200 central incisors, 200 lateral incisors and 200 canines), were evaluated. The average distance from the gingival margin to the alveolar bone crest (ABC) was 3.25mm (95% CI: 3.20-3.30), while the distance from the cemento-enamel junction to ABC was 1.77mm (95% CI: 1.72-182mm). The measurements were significantly different between the tooth groups (ANOVA, p < 0.001). When properly indicated, tomography can be an important tool for assessing the dimensions of TPSCs on a case-by-case basis.

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Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o dimorfismo sexual em uma coleção de mandíbulas portuguesas através de uma metodologia métrica digital, utilizando análise estatística descritiva, inferencial e multivariada para identificar quais parâmetros são mais dimórficos e quais são os melhores preditores de sexo. Trinta e três mandíbulas (14 mulheres e 19 homens) e pertences pessoais foram fotograficamente registrados com código e sexo. Os dados foram coletados por tomografia e as medidas foram feitas pelo software Simplant Pro. Foram registrados a largura máxima e mínima do ramo mandibular, altura condilar, altura do processo coronoide, altura da sínfise mandibular, ângulo mandibular, distâncias bimentual, biantegonial, bigonial e bicondilar e comprimento máximo mandibular. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando IBM® SPSS. Os resultados mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas para os seguintes parâmetros: altura do processo coronoide, altura do côndilo, comprimento máximo da mandíbula e largura mínima do ramo mandibular. Na análise estatística multivariada foi possível identificar a altura do processo coronoide como melhor preditor de sexo com precisão em 72,2% dos casos. Isto permite uma diferenciação mais fácil entre mandíbulas femininas e masculinas com uma precisão de 64,3% e 78,9%, respectivamente. Foi possível concluir que a altura do processo coronoide é o parâmetro mais dimórfico e o melhor preditor de sexo na amostra.

This study aimed to assess sex dimorphism in a collection of Portuguese mandibles through a digital metric methodology by using descriptive, inferential, and multivariate statistical analysis to identify which parameters are the most dimorphic and which are the best sex predictors. Thirty-three mandibles (14 females and 19 males) and personal belongings were photographically registered with code and sex. Data was collected using tomography, and measurements were made using the Simplant Pro software. The maximum and minimum width of the mandibular ramus, condylar height, coronoid process height, mandibular symphysis height, mandibular angle, bi-mental, bi-antegonial, bi-gonial and bi-condylar distances, and maximal mandibular length were registered. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM® SPSS. The results showed statistically significant differences for the following parameters: coronoid process height, condyle height, the maximum length of the mandible, and the minimum width of the mandibular ramus. In the multivariate statistical analysis, it was possible to identify the coronoid process height as the best sex predictor accurately in 72.2% of cases. This allows for easier differentiation between female and male mandibles with an accuracy of 64.3% and 78.9%, respectively. It was possible to conclude that the coronoid process height is the most dimorphic parameter and the best sex predictor in the sample.

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Introducción: Las enfermedades cerebrovasculares son consideradas un problema de salud pública que afectan muchas capacidades en el individuo, entre ellas la comunicación; de esta manera el cuidador cumple un papel fundamental en su recuperación. Objetivo: Describir el rol comunicativo del cuidador en la atención a pacientes con secuelas de accidente cerebrovascular en la ciudad de Sincelejo, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Paradigma positivista, enfoque cuantitativo y estudio descriptivo de corte transversal realizado con 40 cuidadores, seleccionados según muestreo por criterios y reclutamiento en cadena. Se utilizó una encuesta sociodemográfica, una sobre favorecimiento y bienestar comunicativo y Escala Likert, se realizó análisis de fiabilidad y consistencia interna del instrumento. Resultados: Predominaron cuidadores de sexo femenino, sobresale el cuidador informal, con estudios de secundaria y estrato socioeconómico bajo. Se encontró una actitud favorable en la competencia del ser y saber hacer, prima el buen trato, justicia y respeto. La competencia del saber evidenció actitud desfavorable, caracterizada por un conocimiento limitado frente a la patología, insuficientes destrezas, técnicas y habilidades para cumplir sus funciones y estrategias empleadas. Conclusión: Es necesario cualificar al cuidador en la atención del paciente con accidente cerebrovascular, mediante programas de que dinamicen la competencia del ser, saber y saber hacer

Introduction: Cerebrovascular diseases are a public health problem affecting the different capabilities of patients, including communication. Thus, caregivers play a fundamental role in their recovery. Objective: To describe the communicative role of caregivers in the support of patients with stroke sequelae in the city of Sincelejo, Colombia. Materials and methods: A positivist paradigm, quantitative approach, and descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with 40 caregivers, who were selected according to criteria sampling and chain recruitment. A sociodemographic survey about favorability and communicative well-being as well as the Likert Scale were applied. A reliability and internal consistency analysis was conducted. Results: The majority of caregivers were women. Informal caregivers, with high school education, and belonging to low socioeconomic status were also predominant. A positive attitude regarding competences such as being and knowing what to do; appropriate treatment of patients, with justice and respect, were observed as common features. The knowledge competence was considered unfavorable, which was characterized by limited understanding regarding pathology, strategies used, and insufficient skills, techniques, and abilities to fulfill their functions. Conclusions: Caregivers of stroke patients should be qualified through programs that improve the being, knowing, and knowing how to do competencies.

Introdução: As doenças cerebrovasculares são consideradas um problema de saúde pública que afeta diversas capacidades do indivíduo, incluindo a comunicação; desta forma, o cuidador desempenha um papel fundamental na sua recuperação. Objetivo: Descrever o papel comunicativo do cuidador no cuidado de pacientes com sequelas de acidente vascular cerebral na cidade de Sincelejo, Colômbia. Materiais e métodos: Paradigma positivista, abordagem quantitativa e estudo transversal descritivo realizado com 40 cuidadores, selecionados segundo critérios de amostragem e recrutamento em cadeia. Foi utilizado um inquérito sociodemográfico, um de favorabilidade e bem-estar comunicativo e uma Escala Likert, foi realizada uma análise da fiabilidade e consistência interna do instrumento. Resultados: Predominaram cuidadores do sexo feminino, destacando-se os cuidadores informais, com escolaridade média e baixo nível socioeconômico. Encontrou-se na competição uma atitude favorável por ser e saber fazer, prevalecendo o bom tratamento, a justiça e o respeito. A competência conhecimento apresentou atitude desfavorável, caracterizada por conhecimento limitado sobre a patologia, habilidades, técnicas e habilidades insuficientes para cumprir suas funções e estratégias utilizadas. Conclusões: É necessário qualificar o cuidador no cuidado ao paciente com AVC, por meio de programas que potencializem a competência de ser, saber e saber fazer.

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Introducción: La calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) y los estados de ánimo son indicadores cruciales del bienestar en adolescentes, pero su relación con estudiantes de Antioquia, Colombia, no ha sido ampliamente estudiada. Objetivo: Determinar la CVRS y los estados de ánimo en escolares de Antioquia-Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal con 1957 escolares de 9 a 20 años. Se aplicaron mediciones de CVRS, ansiedad, depresión, hostilidad y alegría, actividad física, comportamiento sedentario, apoyo social de padres y nivel socioeconómico. Resultados: La calidad de vida alta (CVA) es más elevada en hombres, personas con alegría, estudiantes con apoyo de padres, activos físicamente y personas de nivel socioeconómico alto y medio. AL aumentar un año de edad, disminuye en un 15 % la CVA, y al aumentar la depresión, la ansiedad y el comportamiento sedentario disminuye la CVA. Además, los niveles de depresión y ansiedad son mayores en mujeres, estudiantes mayores, sin apoyo de los padres y personas sedentarias. Conclusiones: La CVRS se asocia con estados de ánimo, actividad física, comportamiento sedentario y apoyo de los padres; mientras que los estados de ánimo se asocian con el sexo, el apoyo de los padres, la CVS y el sedentarismo.

Introduction: Even though health-related quality of life (HRQL) and mood states are key indicators of the well-being of adolescents, their relationship has not been analyzed in students from Antioquia, Colombia. Objective: To determine HRQL and mood states in schoolchildren from Antioquia. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,957 schoolchildren and adolescents aged between 9 and 20 years. Measurements of HRQL, anxiety, depression, hostility and happiness, physical activity, sedentary behavior, parental social support, and socioeconomic status were applied. Results: A high quality of life (HQL) was observed more frequently in male participants, students with parental support, physically active, and those belonging to medium and high socioeconomic status. HQL decreased 15% as their age increased by one year. Also, HQL was reduced when depression, anxiety, and sedentary behavior increased. Furthermore, depression and anxiety levels were higher in women, older students, as well as in those without parental control and with sedentary behavior. Conclusions: HRQL is associated with mood states, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and parental support. In contrast, mood states are related to gender, parental support, HQL, and sedentary lifestyle.

Introdução: A qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (CVRS) e os estados de humor são indicadores cruciais de bem-estar em adolescentes, mas sua relação com estudantes de Antioquia, Colômbia, não foi amplamente estudada. Objetivo: Determinar a CVRS e os estados de humor em escolares de Antioquia-Colômbia. Materiais e métodos: Estudo transversal com 1.957 escolares de 9 a 20 anos. Foram aplicadas medidas de QVRS, ansiedade, depressão, hostilidade e felicidade, atividade física, comportamento sedentário, apoio social dos pais e nível socioeconômico. Resultados: A alta qualidade de vida (CVA) é maior em homens, pessoas com alegria, estudantes com apoio parental, fisicamente ativos e pessoas de nível socioeconômico alto e médio. À medida que a idade aumenta em um ano, diminui em 15% o CVA, e ao aumentar a depressão, a ansiedade e o comportamento sedentário aumentam, o CVA diminui. Além disso, os níveis de depressão e ansiedade são mais elevados nas mulheres, nos estudantes mais velhos, sem apoio dos pais e nas pessoas sedentárias. Conclusões: A QVRS está associada a estados de humor, atividade física, comportamento sedentário e apoio parental; enquanto os estados de humor estão associados ao sexo, apoio parental, CVS e estilo de vida sedentário.

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La presente publicación describe y homogeniza los criterios en la recopilación y codificación de diagnósticos CIE 10 y catálogo de procedimientos médicos y estomatológicos. Asimismo, describe la metodología de registros estadísticos sanitarios en salud del adulto mayor, el cual se convierte en un sistema de información necesaria para la toma de decisiones en la solución de los problemas sanitarios en el marco del sistema de coordinación. Dichas intervenciones están orientadas al cumplimiento del cuidado integral de salud de las personas adultas mayores, mediante la aplicación del Paquete de cuidado integral de salud del adulto mayor, en base a sus necesidades de salud, de acuerdo con la Valoración Clínica del Adulto Mayor -VACAM, con acciones de promoción, prevención, curación y rehabilitación; con enfoque de Salud Pública basado en género e interculturalidad

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La presente publicación difunde y homogeniza los criterios en la recopilación y codificación de diagnósticos CIE 10. Asimismo, describe la metodología de registro estadístico sanitario en salud mental, el cual se convierte en un sistema de información necesaria para la toma de decisiones en la solución de los problemas sanitarios en el marco del sistema de coordinación

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Introducción. La parasitosis intestinal constituye la afectación del tubo digestivo por protozoos y helmintos, estos parásitos representan un grave problema de salud pública ya que afecta a países en vías de desarrollo como el nuestro. Objetivo. Determinar el nivel de conocimiento de los padres acerca de la parasitosis en niños/as que acuden al Hospital Nacional de Itauguá en 2024. Material y Métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal en 120 padres que acuden al Hospital Nacional de Itauguá. Se aplicó una encuesta para identificar datos sociodemográficos y el nivel de conocimiento de los padres sobre aspectos generales de la parasitosis. Resultados. Participaron 120 padres en el estudio. El 70,83% pertenecía al sexo femenino. En cuanto al conocimiento sobre parasitosis el 68,33% identificó correctamente que las lombrices son el agente causal, mientras que el 30% mencionó correctamente los protozoos. El 64,17% reconoció enfermedades como Giardiasis, teniasis y Oxuriasis como parasitarias. Además, el 70% señaló que la diarrea es un síntoma de la parasitosis, y el 66,66% afirmó que puede causar desnutrición. En cuanto a la prevención y conocimiento sobreparásitos, los niveles fueron mayores al 60%. Por último, el 34,17% había oído sobre la Campaña Nacional "Jaityke Sevo'i", principalmente a través del Hospital (39%). Conclusión. El conocimiento sobre la parasitosis intestinal infantil es limitado en algunos aspectos generales, pero es notablemente alto en cuanto a las consecuencias de la enfermedad y las medidas preventivas. Palabras clave: parasitosis; desparasitación; padres; conocimiento

Introduction. Intestinal parasitosis constitutes the involvement of the digestive tract by protozoa and helminths. These parasites represent a serious public health problem since they affect developingcountries like ours. Objective.Determine the level of knowledge of parents about parasitosis in children who attend the National Hospital of Itaugua in 2024. Material and methods. A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out on 120 parents who attend the National Hospital of Itaugua. A survey was applied to identify sociodemographic data and the level of knowledge of parents about general aspects of parasitosis. Results. 120 parents participated in the study. 70.83% belonged to the female sex. Regarding knowledge about parasitosis, 68.33% correctly identified that worms are the causal agent, while 30% correctly mentioned protozoa. 64.17% recognized diseases such as Giardiasis, taeniasis and Oxuriasis as parasitic. In addition, 70% indicated that diarrhea is a symptom of parasitosis, and 66.66% stated that it can cause malnutrition. Regarding prevention and knowledge about parasites, the levels were greater than 60%. Lastly, 34.17% had heard about the "Jaityke Sevo'i" National Campaign, mainly throughthe Hospital (39%). Conclusion. Knowledge about childhood intestinal parasitosis is limited in some general aspects, but is remarkably high in terms of the consequences of the disease and preventive measures. Key words: parasitosis; deworming; parents;knowledge

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Introducción. El virus de Chikungunya (CHIKV) forma parte del género Alphavirus, este se transmite por el mosquito Aedes aegyptio albopictus. Los síntomas principales de esta enfermedad viral son la fiebre alta, mialgias, artralgias, cefalea y rash cutánea, un 3 a 5% son asintomáticos. Objetivo. Determinar las características clínicas, epidemiológicas y secuelas de los pacientes con Chikungunyaque consultaron en el Hospital Nacional de Itauguá en el 2023. Materiales y Método. Estudio observacional descriptivo y de corte transversal. Los sujetos estudiados fueron pacientes que padecieron la enfermedad en el año 2023. Las variables fueron sociodemográficas, características clínicas. También se estudió los síntomas de alarma y secuelas de esta enfermedad viral, mediante una encuesta digital enviada por link vía WhatsApp en Google Forms. El protocolo fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética, respetando los principios éticos de la investigación. Resultado. El síntoma más frecuente entre los 130 participantes fue el dolor articular con un 96.15% y en segundo lugar fiebre con 90,77%. La mayoría de los participantes, el 67.69% no mostró síntomas de alarma. El síntoma de alarma predominante, fue el dolor abdominal. El dolor articular y/o corporal fue la secuela más frecuente, presente en el 70% de los casos, seguido por la dificultad para mover las articulaciones en un 45.38%.Conclusión.Con esto podemos concluir, que el síntoma más prevalente fue el dolor en las articulaciones. Aunque la mayoría de los pacientes no presentó algún síntoma de alarma, entre aquellos que, si presentaron, el dolor abdominal fue predominante. Palabras clave: artralgia; chikungunya; epidemia

Introduction. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) belongs to the Alphavirus genus and is transmitted by Aedes aegyptior A.albopictusmosquitoes. The main symptoms of this viral disease are high fever, myalgia, arthralgia, headache, and rash. General. The objective of this research protocol is to determine the clinical, epidemiological characteristics and sequelae of patients with Chikungunya attended at the Itauguá National Hospital in 2023. Materials and methods. The design of this research is observational, descriptive and cross-sectional. The study subjects were patients who suffered from the disease in 2023. The variables were sociodemographic, clinical characteristics. The alarm symptoms and sequelae of this viral disease were also studied through digital surveys sent by link via WhatsApp in Google Forms. Protocol approved by the Ethics Committee, respecting the ethical principles of research.Results.The most frequent symptom among the 130 participants was joint pain with 96.15% and in second place fever with 90.77%. The majority of participants, 67.69% did not show alarm symptoms. The predominant alarm symptom was abdominal pain.Joint and/or body pain was the most frequent sequela, present in 70% of cases, followed by difficulty moving the joints in 45.38%.Conclusion.With this we can conclude that the most prevalent symptom was joint pain. Although most patients did not presentany alarm symptoms, among those who did present abdominal pain was predominant. Key words: arthralgia; chikungunya; epidemic

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Introducción. Cajamarca es una región peruana que enfrenta desafíos importantes en la calidad de vida y prácticas de higiene de gran parte de su población. La falta de programas educativos sólidos en salud e inocuidad alimentaria es evidente en áreas rurales de la región. Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de parásitos intestinales mediante la observación de huevos en heces de niños escolares de un centro poblado ubicados en el valle de Cajamarca. Materiales y Métodos. Se recolectaron muestras fecales de 117 niños de una institución educativa y se procesaron mediante el método de concentración por flotación solución saturada de sulfato de zinc. Resultados. Se observaron huevos fecales de helmintos en 73 escolares (62,39% [IC 95%: 53,62 ­71,17]). El sexo de los escolares estuvo asociado con la presencia de casos positivos a parásitos (p<0,05), con una mayor prevalencia en niñas. Los escolares de mayor edad fueron los más afectados, pero no mostraron asociación estadística (p>0,05). La mayor cantidad de escolares estuvieron infectados con Ascaris lumbricoides (54,70%), seguido de Taenia spp (3,42%). Además, se observaron tres casos de coexistencia de A. lumbricoides con Taeniaspp (2,56%), y un caso de A. lumbricoides con Trichuris spp y Trichurisspp con Taenia spp (0,85%). Conclusión. La prevalencia de parásitos entéricos en escolares del centro poblado evaluado fue alta, destacando la necesidad de mejorar las prácticas de higiene y los programas educativos en salud, especialmente enfocados en los niños. Palabras clave: cestode; higiene; nematodos; enfermedades parasitarias; salud pública; helmintiasis; parasitosis intestinales

Introduction. Cajamarca is a region in Peru that faces significant challenges regarding the quality of life and hygiene practices for much of its population. The lack of robust educational programs in health and food safety is evident in rural areas of the region. Objective.To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites by observing eggs in the feces of schoolchildren from a populated center in the Cajamarca Valley. Materials and Methods. Fecal samples were collected from 117 children from an educational institution and processed using the zinc sulfate saturated solution flotation concentration method. Results. Helminth eggs were observed in the feces of 73 schoolchildren (62.39% [95% CI: 53.62 ­71.17]). The gender of the schoolchildren was associated with the presence of positive parasite cases (p<0.05), with a higher prevalence in girls. Older schoolchildren were more affected, but this did not show a statistical association (p>0.05). Most infected schoolchildren had Ascaris lumbricoides(54.70%), followed by Taenia spp (3.42%). Additionally, three cases of co-infection with A. lumbricoides and Taenia spp (2.56%) were observed, along with one case of A. lumbricoides with Trichuris spp and Trichuris spp with Taenia spp (0.85%). Conclusion. The prevalence of enteric parasites in the schoolchildren from the evaluated populated center was high, highlighting the need to improve hygiene practices and health education programs, especially those focused on children. Key words: cestode; hygiene; nematode; parasitic diseases; public health; helminthiasis; intestinal diseases, parasitic

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Introducción. Un perímetro abdominal elevado podría incrementar la vascularización del tejido adiposo en formación, aumentando el gasto cardiaco y la presión arterial. Se desconoce el impacto y grado de asociación de estos factores en la población peruana. Objetivo. Evaluar la asociación entre perímetro abdominal y presión arterial alta en adultos peruanos. Materiales y Métodos. Estudio observacional, analítico, retrospectivo y de corte transversal. Se analizaron datos de 27,356 adultos de la Encuesta Nacional Demográfica de Salud Familiar. La variable dependiente fue la presión arterial media. Las variables explicativas incluyeron edad, nivel educativo, lengua materna, grupo étnico, índice de masa corporal (IMC) y perímetro abdominal. Se aplicaron pruebas Ji-cuadrado, V de Cramer, correlación de Spearman y regresión de Poisson para calcular razones de prevalencia ajustadas. Resultados. Los adultos con perímetro abdominal elevado presentaron mayores niveles de presión arterial, especialmente los hombres. La asociación entre perímetro abdominal y presión arterial media fue significativa y débil en mujeres (V=0,176) y moderada en hombres (V=0,331). La correlación fue débil en mujeres (Rho=0,393) y moderada en hombres (Rho=0,436). En el análisis multivariado, las mujeres con perímetro abdominal elevado tuvieron 1,43 veces más riesgo de presión arterial alta, siendo el IMC el principal predictor. En hombres, el riesgo fue 2,31 veces mayor, con el perímetro abdominal como predictor principal. Conclusión. El perímetro abdominal elevado se asocia con mayor presión arterial en adultos peruanos, siendo un predictor clave en hombres y secundario en mujeres. Palabras clave: hipertensión; circunferencia de la cintura; adulto; antropometría; salud pública

Introduction. An increased abdominal circumference may enhance the vascularization of newly formed adipose tissue, leading to higher cardiac output and blood pressure. However, the impact and degree of association of these factors in the Peruvian population remain unknown.Objective.To evaluate the association between abdominal circumference and high blood pressure in Peruvian adults. Materials and Methods. Observational, analytical, retrospective, and cross-sectional study. Data from 27,356 adults in the National Demographic and Family Health Survey were analyzed. The dependent variable was mean blood pressure. Explanatory variables included age, educational level, mother tongue, ethnic group, body mass index (BMI), and abdominal circumference. Chi-square test, Cramér's V, Spearman's correlation, and Poisson regression were used to calculate adjusted prevalence ratios. Results.Adults with an increased abdominal circumference had higher blood pressure levels, especially men. The association between abdominal circumference and mean blood pressure was significant and weak in women (V=0.176) and moderate in men (V=0.331). The correlation was weak in women (Rho=0.393) and moderate in men (Rho=0.436). In the multivariate analysis, women with an increased abdominal circumference had a 1.43 times higher risk of high blood pressure, with BMI being the main predictor. In men, the risk was 2.31 times higher, with abdominal circumference as the primary predictor. Conclusion. Increased abdominal circumference is associated with higher blood pressure in Peruvian adults, being a key predictor in men and a secondary factor in women. Key words:hypertension; waist circumference; adult; anthropometry; public health

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Introducción. La coinfección bacteriana en pacientes con dengue es una preocupación emergente que aumenta la morbilidad y mortalidad. Coinfecciones con patógenos como Staphylococcus aureus destacan la importancia de un enfoque integral en el diagnóstico y tratamiento. Caso clínico. Paciente masculino de 35 años con hipertensión arterial acude por fiebre. Presenta resultado de NS1 positivo, y ha recibido tratamiento ambulatorio con múltiples punciones. Hay persistencia de fiebre con parámetros infecciosos elevados, dolor precordial y disnea. Con los estudios auxiliares se observó una pericarditis purulenta y neumonía necrotizante con aislamiento de S. aureus meticilino resistente en ambos. El diagnóstico fue fiebre por dengue, pericarditis purulenta, neumonía necrotizante. Recibió tratamiento con vancomicina por 48 días y presenta mejoría clínica. Conclusión. Las bacteriemias concurrentes con dengue, incluyen complicaciones graves, especialmente por S. aureus. Aunque tienen alta mortalidad, el caso que se reporta tuvo buenos resultados. Palabras clave: dengue; bacteriemia; Staphylococcus aureus

Introduction. Bacterial coinfection in patients with dengue is an emerging concern that increases morbidity and mortality. Coinfections with pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus highlight the importance of a comprehensive approach in diagnosis and treatment. Clinical case. A 35-year-old male patient with high blood pressure comes in due to fever. He has a positive NS1 result and has received outpatient treatment with multiple punctures. There is persistence of fever with elevated infectious parameters, chest pain and dyspnea. Ancillary studies revealed purulent pericarditis and necrotizing pneumonia with isolation of methicillin-resistant S. aureusin both. The diagnosis was dengue fever, purulent pericarditis, necrotizing pneumonia. He received treatment with vancomycin for 48 days and showed clinical improvement. Conclusion. Bacteremia concurrent with dengue includes serious complications, especially due to S. aureus. Although they have high mortality, the case reported had good results. Key words: dengue; bacteriemia; Staphylococcus aureus

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Head and neck cancers are a growing global health concern, with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounting for 90­95% of all cases within this region. OSCC near dental implants can resemble benign inflammatory lesions, posing diagnosis challenging. A 74-year-old man presented with an ulcerated, asymptomatic lesion in the upper right alveolar mucosa, initially misdiagnosed as a benign inflammatory condition due to its proximity to a dental implant. Afterwards the lesion was identified as OSCC, and the patient underwent surgical treatment. Three years post-surgery, a white plaque appeared near the grafted area and was diagnosed as oral leukoplakia. Although, over the course of fourteen years, the patient had no recurrences or metastases. Therefore, clinicians should be aware that while most lesions around dental implants are of inflammatory origin, OSCC must be considered in differential diagnosis in cases that do not respond to standard treatments. (AU)

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La encefalitis equina del oeste (EEO) es una zoonosis causada por un virus ARN del género Alphavirus, del cual los humanos son huéspedes accidentales. Aunque la mayoría de los pacientes no desarrollan síntomas al infectarse, los niños tienen mayor riesgo de presentar compromiso neurológico. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino de 13 años de edad, previamente sano, residente de un área urbana de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, quien se internó con diagnóstico de meningoencefalitis. Por presentar evolución tórpida y, al no haber obtenido rescate microbiológico para los gérmenes más frecuentes, se solicitó la detección de anticuerpos IgG para el virus de EEO en sangre y en líquido cefalorraquídeo, ambos con resultado positivo. El virus de la EEO suele ser causa subdiagnosticada de encefalitis y debe ser considerado tanto en zonas rurales como urbanas.

Western equine encephalitis (WEE) is a zoonotic disease caused by an RNA virus of the genus Alphavirus, and humans are accidental hosts. Although most patients do not develop symptoms upon infection, children are at higher risk for neurological involvement. Here we describe the case of a previously healthy 13-year-old male patient who lived in an urban area in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, who was hospitalized and diagnosed with meningoencephalitis. Due to the torpid course of his condition and because none of the most frequent microorganisms were isolated, a test for IgG antibodies for WEE virus in blood and cerebrospinal fluid was requested; both samples were positive. WEE virus is often an underdiagnosed cause of encephalitis and should be taken into consideration in both rural and urban areas.

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La encefalitis equina del oeste (EEO) es una infección causada por un virus ARN del género Alphavirus, de transmisión vectorial por mosquitos que pueden causar la enfermedad en humanos. Hay dos ciclos de transmisión, de mantenimiento y de amplificación ocasional con aumento de vectores, donde equinos y seres humanos son huéspedes terminales. En Argentina no se reportaban casos humanos desde 1983. Se presentan dos pacientes pediátricos con síntomas encefálicos y diagnóstico por serología de EEO. Ambos líquidos cefalorraquídeos (LCR) evidenciaron pleocitosis y las neuroimágenes, alteraciones en ganglios de la base. Se arribó al diagnóstico por serología con detección de IgM específica en suero y LCR, y anticuerpos neutralizantes 14 días después del inicio de síntomas. El tratamiento fue de sostén. Un paciente recuperó el estado neurológico habitual previo al alta sin crisis comiciales y el otro egresó con hemiparesia derecha, que se resolvió luego de dos meses, y continuó con anticonvulsivantes por EEG patológico.

Western equine encephalitis (WEE) is vector-borne infection caused by an RNA virus of the genus Alphavirus, disseminated by mosquitoes that can cause WEE in humans. There are two cycles of transmission, a maintenance cycle and an occasional amplification with vector augmentation, where equines and humans are terminal hosts. In Argentina, no human cases had been reported since 1983. Here we describe 2 pediatric patients with brain symptoms and serological diagnosis of WEE. Both samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed pleocytosis, while the neuroimaging test showed alterations in the basal ganglia. The serological diagnosis was based on the detection of specific IgM in serum and CSF and neutralizing antibodies 14 days after symptom onset. The patients were managed with supportive treatment. One patient recovered his normal neurological status without seizures before discharge, while the other was discharged with right hemiparesis, which resolved after 2 months, and continued with anticonvulsants due to a pathological EEG.

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Introducción. El dengue es una infección viral que puede cursar de forma asintomática o incluir manifestaciones graves. El objetivo del trabajo es describir las características de una población pediátrica durante el brote epidémico del 2023. Población y métodos. Estudio de corte transversal que incluyó pacientes con dengue probable o confirmado atendidos del 13 de marzo de 2023 al 19 de mayo de 2023 en un hospital pediátrico de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Resultados. Se incluyeron 112 pacientes. La mediana de edad fue 12 años; el 58 % fueron varones. El 76 % procedía de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. El 25 % tenía convivientes con sintomatología compatible con caso sospechoso. Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes fueron fiebre, cefalea con dolor retroocular y mioartralgias. Las alteraciones de laboratorio más frecuentes fueron la leucopenia (65 %) y la elevación de transaminasas (60 %). El 21 % (24/112) presentó signos de alarma y requirió internación. La leucopenia, la plaquetopenia y el aumento de transaminasas se asociaron con la presencia de signos de alarma. Se confirmaron 53 pacientes por PCR-RT detectable, el serotipo 2 fue el más frecuente. Se asumieron como casos probables de dengue 21 pacientes con prueba NS1 positiva, 18 pacientes con IgM positiva y 20 pacientes con clínica y nexo epidemiológico. No hubo casos de dengue grave. Conclusión. Durante la infección por dengue, la sospecha clínica precoz y el reconocimiento de los parámetros de laboratorio asociados a los signos de alarma resultan esenciales para un adecuado abordaje de la enfermedad y un tratamiento de sostén precoz.

Introduction. Dengue is a viral infection that may be asymptomatic or include severe manifestations. This study aims to describe the characteristics of a pediatric population during the epidemic outbreak in 2023. Population and methods. This cross-sectional study included patients with probable or confirmed dengue fever who were seen from March 13, 2023, to May 19, 2023, in a pediatric hospital in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. Results. A total of 112 patients were included. The median age was 12 years; 58% were male. Seventysix percent of them came from the City of Buenos Aires. Twenty-five percent had cohabitants with symptoms compatible with a suspected case. The most frequent clinical manifestations were fever, headache, retro-ocular pain, myalgia, and arthralgia. The most frequent laboratory alterations were leukopenia (65%) and elevated transaminases (60%). Twenty-one percent (24/112) presented alarm signs and required hospitalization. Leukopenia, plateletopenia, and elevated transaminases were associated with the presence of alarm signs. RT-PCR was detected in fifty-three patients; serotype 2 was the most frequent. Twenty-one patients had positive NS1 tests, 18 patients had positive IgM, and 20 patients with clinical and epidemiological links were assumed to be probable dengue cases. There were no cases of severe dengue. Conclusion. Early clinical suspicion and recognition of laboratory parameters associated with alarm signs are essential for an adequate approach to the disease and early supportive treatment during dengue infection.

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Introducción. La intoxicación por cianuro, sea accidental o intencional, es un peligro importante para adultos y niños, en especial en las comunidades donde la agricultura es la fuente principal de ingresos. Se describe la evolución clínica, complicaciones y resultados de casos de intoxicación por cianuro ocurridos luego de ingerir carozos y semillas de plantas que contienen glicósidos de cianuro, como los carozos de damasco y las almendras amargas. Población y métodos. Se incluyeron todos los niños de 1-18 años de edad que ingresaron a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (UCIP), con el diagnóstico presuntivo de intoxicación por cianuro, entre el 1 de enero de 2017 y el 8 de enero de 2022. Sus datos se analizaron retrospectivamente. Resultados. Se analizaron 14 pacientes de los cuales 8 eran mujeres. El mes con más ingresos fue julio (42,8 %) en coincidencia con la estación de mayor actividad agrícola. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron debilidad y fatiga (n = 7). Durante la internación, 4 pacientes presentaron cianosis y 3 tuvieron alteración del nivel de conciencia. Fue menos frecuente la presencia de vómitos, convulsiones, cefaleas, mareos y palpitaciones. En 4 pacientes se indicó hidroxocobalamina como antídoto por presentar acidosis en el estudio de gases en sangre. Todos los pacientes fueron dados de alta. Conclusiones. La intoxicación por cianuro debería considerarse en pacientes pediátricos con hallazgos sospechosos, pérdida brusca de conocimiento, acidosis con brecha aniónica aumentada y acidosis láctica. Se debería investigar el antecedente de ingestión de damascos y almendras amargas.

Introduction: Cyanide poisoning, whether it be accidental or intentional, remains a significant danger to adults and children, especially in societies where agriculture is a primary source of income. We examined the clinical follow-up, complications, and results of cyanide poisoning cases that occurred after eating the pits and seeds of plants containing cyanide glycosides, such as apricot kernels and almonds. Methods: Between 01/01/2017 and 01/08/2022, 14 children aged 1-18 years who were followed up with a prediagnosis of cyanide poisoning in our Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) were retrospectively analysed. Results: Eight of the patients followed with a preliminary diagnosis of cyanide poisoning were female and six were male. The most common admission month was July (42.8%) coinciding with the agricultural season. The most common symptoms at presentation were weakness and fatigue (n = 7). In the PICU, 4 patients presented lip cyanosis; 3, altered level of consciousness. Vomiting, seizure, headache, dizziness and palpitatons were less frequent. Four patients were treated with hydroxocobalamin (Cyanokit®) as an antidote due to acidosis in their blood gases. All patients treated for cyanide poisoning were discharged. Conclusions: Cyanide poisoning should be considered in paediatric patients with suspicious findings, sudden loss of consciousness, increased anion gap acidosis and lactic acidosis. The history of eating the seeds of plants such as apricot and almonds should be investigated.

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Introducción. La prueba de ventilación espontánea (PVE) en el proceso de liberación de la asistencia ventilatoria mecánica invasiva (AVMi) pediátrica es una práctica avalada; su positividad se sustenta en parámetros clínicos. Sin embargo, sus resultados están escasamente documentados. Objetivo. Describir los resultados de la PVE en el proceso de liberación de la AVMi. Población y métodos. Análisis retrospectivo. Pacientes con ≥ 48 h en AVMi del 1 de marzo de 2022 al 31 de enero de 2024. Resultados. Se analizaron 493 PVE en 304 pacientes; el 71 % (348) fueron positivas y el 87 % (302) redundó en extubaciones exitosas. Las causas de las PVE negativas fueron mayor trabajo respiratorio (70 %), frecuencia respiratoria (57 %) y frecuencia cardíaca (27 %). En el análisis univariado, la dificultad respiratoria como motivo de ingreso, la presión inspiratoria máxima previo a la PVE y el uso de tubo en T fueron predictores de PVE negativa. En el análisis multivariado, esta asociación persistió para el ingreso por causa respiratoria, la mayor frecuencia respiratoria programada en la AVM y la modalidad tubo en T. Quienes presentaron PVE negativas permanecieron más días en AVMi [9 (7-12) vs. 7 (4-10)] y en UCIP [11 (9-15) vs. 9 (7-12)]. Conclusión. La PVE positiva predijo la extubación exitosa en un alto porcentaje. La dificultad respiratoria al ingreso, la mayor frecuencia respiratoria programada y la mayor proporción de la modalidad tubo en T fueron predictores negativos para la prueba. La PVE negativa se asoció a mayor estadía en AVMi y UCIP.

Introduction. spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) in weaning from pediatric invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is an endorsed practice, its positivity is based on clinical parameters; however, its results could be better documented. Objective. To describe the results of the SBT in the IMV weaning process. Population and methods. Retrospective analysis. Patients with ≥48 h in IMV from March 1, 2022 to January 31, 2024. Results. A total of 493 SBT were analyzed in 304 patients; 71% (348) were positive, and 87% (302) resulted in successful extubations. The causes of negative SBT were increased work of breathing (70%), respiratory rate (57%), and heart rate (27%). In univariate analysis, respiratory distress as the reason for admission, peak inspiratory pressure before SBT and T-tube use, were predictors of negative SBT. In multivariate analysis, this association persisted for admission for respiratory cause, the higher programmed respiratory rate in IMV, as the T-tube modality. Those with negative SBT stayed more days in IMV (9 [712] vs. 7 [4-10]) and in PICU (11 [9-15] vs. 9 [7-12]). Conclusion. Positive SBT predicted successful extubation in a high percentage of cases. Respiratory distress on admission, higher programmed respiratory rate, and a higher proportion of T-tube mode were negative predictors of the test. Negative SBT was associated with more extended stays in IMV and PICU.

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O avanço da tecnologia de digitalização de imagens e desenvolvimento de dispositivos de fresagem possibilitaram a otimização de diversos processos na Odontologia. O emprego do escaneamento intraoral e do sistema CAD-CAM (CAD - Computer Aided Design; CAM - Computer Aided Manufacturing) aprimorou a realização de reabilitações protéticas, permitindo a obtenção de peças de alta qualidade em tempo reduzido. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso de reabilitação de um incisivo central inferior a partir de escaneamento intraoral, com scanner Omnicam (DentsplySirona Charlotte, NC, EUA) e aplicação do sistema CAD-CAM.

The advancement of image digitization technology and the development of milling devices have made it possible to optimize various processes in Dentistry. The use of intraoral scanning and the CAD-CAM system (CAD - Computer Aided Design; CAM - Computer Aided Manufacturing) has improved the performance of prosthetic rehabilitations, allowing the obtaining of high quality parts in a reduced time. The objective of this work is to report a case of rehabilitation of a lower central incisor using intraoral scanning, with an Omnicam scanner (Dentsply Sirona) and application of the CAD-CAM system.

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Com as universidades fechadas e a implementação do Ensino Remoto Emergencial, as atividades curriculares ocorreram através de plataformas digitais. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a percepção de aprendizagem on-line na disciplina de Biomateriais da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal Fluminense no período da pandemia. O questionário COLLES (Constructivist OnLine Learning Environment Survey) foi enviado individualmente por e-mail aos cinquenta alunos, apresentando 24 declarações divididas em seis quesitos: relevância, reflexão crítica, interatividade, apoio dos tutores, apoio entre os colegas e compreensão; e para cada declaração cinco opções de resposta: quase sempre, frequentemente, algumas vezes, raramente e quase nunca. Quarenta e um alunos responderam. A soma das médias obtidas em quase sempre e frequentemente foi de 87,2% para relevância, 70% para reflexão crítica, 33,9% para interatividade, 47,6% para apoio dos tutores, 44,2% para apoio dos colegas e 89,5% para compreensão. Concluiu-se que a relevância, a reflexão crítica e a compreensão apresentaram melhores resultados, enquanto a interatividade, o apoio entre os colegas e o apoio dos tutores demonstraram necessidade de aprimoramento. E apesar das limitações do ERE, a avaliação positiva dos alunos evidenciou esta modalidade de educação on-line como uma solução plausível.

With universities closed and the implementation of Emergency Remote Teaching, curricular activities took place through digital platforms. The objective of this study was to assess the perception of online learning in the Biomaterials course at the Dental School of the Federal Fluminense University during the pandemic. The COLLES questionnaire (Constructivist OnLine Learning Environment Survey) was individually sent via email to fifty students, presenting 24 statements divided into six aspects: relevance, critical reflection, interactivity, tutor support, peer support, and comprehension. For each statement, there were five response options: almost always, often, sometimes, rarely, and almost never. Forty-one students responded. The sum of the averages obtained for almost always and often was 87.2% for relevance, 70% for critical reflection, 33.9% for interactivity, 47.6% for tutor support, 44.2% for peer support, and 89.5% for comprehension. It was concluded that relevance, critical reflection, and comprehension showed better results, while interactivity, peer support, and tutor support demonstrated a need for improvement. Despite the limitations of Emergency Remote Teaching, the positive evaluation from the students highlighted this mode of online education as a plausible solution.