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De acordo com a literatura, não há consenso sobre um tempo de atraso razoável desde o diagnóstico até a operação da prostatectomia radical (PR) sem piora do prognóstico. Objetivo: Avaliar a influência desse tempo no risco de recorrência da doença em pacientes com adenocarcinoma acinar da próstata tratados com PR. Método: Quatrocentos e doze pacientes submetidos à PR foram avaliados retrospectivamente. Destes, 172 foram excluídos por dados incompletos e outros 28, por estadiamento pré- -operatório como câncer de próstata de alto risco (PSA > 10 ng/mL ou escore de Gleason na biópsia > 7). Os estadiamentos pré e pós-operatórios foram comparados, e a análise de sobrevida feita pelo método de Kaplan-Meier para examinar a influência do tempo na discordância entre os estadiamentos pré e pós-operatórios. Resultados: Para os 212 pacientes da amostra, o tempo médio desde o diagnóstico até a PR foi de 176,1 ± 120,2 dias (mediana de 145,5 dias), variando de 29 a um máximo de 798 dias. A curva de Kaplan-Meier indicou que o câncer piorava quanto maior o atraso entre o diagnóstico e a operação. Pacientes submetidos à cirurgia dentro de 60 dias tiveram cerca de 95% de probabilidade de não aumentarem o risco inicial de recorrência. Esse número caiu para 80%, 70% e 50% nos pacientes operados em até 100, 120 e 180 dias, respectivamente. Conclusão: O atraso na realização da PR representa risco contínuo de recorrência da neoplasia. O tempo ideal para PR é de até 60 dias a partir da biópsia da próstata, uma vez que a probabilidade de upstaging é inferior a 5% nesse período.

There is no consensus in the literature on a reasonable delay time from diagnosis to radical prostatectomy (RP) surgery, without worsening the prognosis. Objective: To evaluate the influence of the delay on the risk of disease recurrence in patients with acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate treated with RP. Method: Four hundred and twelve patients undergoing RP were retrospectively evaluated. Of these, 172 were excluded due to incomplete data and another 28 due to preoperative staging as high-risk prostate cancer (PSA > 10 ng/mL or Gleason score on biopsy > 7). Pre-and postoperative stagings were compared and survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method to investigate the influence of time on discordance between pre- and postoperative stagings. Results:For the 212 patients of the sample, the average time from diagnosis to RP was 176.1 ± 120.2 days (median 145.5 days), ranging from 29 to a maximum of 798 days. The Kaplan-Meier curve indicated that the cancer worsened the longer the delay between diagnosis and surgery. Patients undergoing surgery within 60 days had an approximately 95% probability of not increasing the initial risk of recurrence. This number fell to 80%, 70% and 50% in patients operated on up to 100, 120 and 180 days, respectively. Conclusion:Delay in performing RP represents a continuous risk of relapse. The ideal time for RP is up to 60 days from prostate biopsy, as the probability of upstaging is less than 5% in this period

Según la literatura, no existe consenso sobre un tiempo razonable de retraso desde el diagnóstico hasta la cirugía de prostatectomía radical (PR), sin empeorar el pronóstico. Objetivo: Evaluar la influencia de este tiempo sobre el riesgo de recurrencia de la enfermedad en pacientes con adenocarcinoma acinar de próstata tratados con PR. Método: Se evaluaron retrospectivamente 412 pacientes sometidos a PR. De ellos, 172 fueron excluidos por datos incompletos y otros 28 por estadificación preoperatoria como cáncer de próstata de alto riesgo (PSA > 10 ng/mL o puntuación de Gleason en la biopsia > 7). Se compararon las estadificaciones pre y posoperatorias y se realizó un análisis de supervivencia utilizando el método de Kaplan-Meier para examinar la influencia del tiempo en la discordancia entre las estadificaciones pre y posoperatorias. Resultados: Para los 212 pacientes de la muestra, el tiempo promedio desde el diagnóstico hasta la PR fue de 176,1 ± 120,2 días (mediana 145,5 días), oscilando entre 29 y 798 días. La curva de Kaplan-Meier indicó que el cáncer empeoraba cuanto mayor era el retraso entre el diagnóstico y la cirugía. Los pacientes sometidos a cirugía dentro de los 60 días tenían aproximadamente un 95% de probabilidad de no aumentar el riesgo inicial de recurrencia. Esta cifra cayó al 80%, 70% y 50% en los pacientes operados hasta 100, 120 y 180 días, respectivamente. Conclusión: El retraso en la realización de la PR representa un riesgo continuo de restablecimiento de la neoplasia. El momento ideal para la PR es hasta los 60 días desde la biopsia de próstata, ya que la probabilidad de upstaging es inferior al 5% en este periodo.

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Purpose: To conduct a systematic literature review with meta-analysis to identify whether antibiotic prophylaxis after removal of the indwelling urinary catheter reduces posterior infections. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in the databases PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, using the keywords "antibiotics" AND "prostatectomy" AND "urinary catheter." Results: Three articles were identified having the scope of our review, with 1,040 patients, which were subjected to our meta-analysis revealing a marginally significant decrease in the risk of urinary infection after indwelling urinary catheter removal (odds ratio-OR = 0.51; 95% confidence interval-95%CI 0.27-0.98; p = 0.04; I2 = 0%). No difference was found regarding the presence of bacteriuria (OR = 0.39; 95%CI 0.12-1.24; p = 0.11; I2 = 73%). Conclusions: In our meta-analysis, there was a significant decrease in urinary tract infection with antibiotic prophylaxis after indwelling urinary catheter removal following radical prostatectomy.

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Describir y sintetizar la evidencia existente sobre el impacto en la calidad de vida y el bienestar emocional de los pacientes con cáncer de próstata según la intervención recibida. Realizamos una revisión de la literatura en cuatro bases de datos (Medline, Embase, Bolsa de Valores en Salud [BVS] y PsycNet), incluyendo términos relacionados con cáncer de próstata, calidad de vida y bienestar emocional, y su tratamiento. Incluimos 36 artículos, los cuales señalan un impacto por parte de todas las terapias evaluadas, que, a la vez, puede estar mediado en parte por el curso natural de la enfermedad u otros factores asociados. Se encontró a los síntomas relacionados con la función urinaria y sexual de los pacientes a largo plazo como más prevalentes en el impacto negativo de la calidad de vida. No obstante, algunos estudios mostraron una mejoría en la calidad de vida de los pacientes años después de iniciar el tratamiento, lo cual puede estar relacionado con un proceso adaptativo, y con el fenómeno de response shift. Los diferentes tratamientos para el cáncer de próstata tienen un efecto en la calidad de vida impactando en las actividades de la vida cotidiana, lo cual hace pertinente la valoración y el seguimiento en salud mental periódico y oportuno, con enfoques cognitivos y educativos para tratar los síntomas de salud mental y disminuir su carga de la enfermedad.

To describe and synthesize the existing evidence on the impact on the quality of life and emotional well-being of patients with prostate cancer according to the intervention received. We reviewed the literature in four databases (Medline, Embase, Bolsa de Valores en Salud [BVS], and PsycNet), including terms related to the treatment of prostate cancer, quality of life, and emotional well-being, and prostate cancer. We include 36 articles, which indicate an impact on the part of all the therapies evaluated, which, at the same time, may be mediated in part by the natural course of the disease or other associated factors. Symptoms related to urinary and sexual function of long-term patients were found to be more prevalent in negatively impacting the quality of life. However, some studies showed improved patient quality of life years after starting treatment, which may be related to an adaptive process and the response shift phenomenon. The different treatments for prostate cancer affect the quality of life due to the impact on activities of daily living. It makes periodic and timely assessment and follow-up in mental health pertinent, with cognitive and educational approaches for treating mental health symptoms and decreasing their symptoms burden of disease.

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Objetivo: La prostatectomía radical se asocia con complicaciones como incontinencia urinaria y disfunción eréctil. Múltiples estudios reportan discrepancia entre el tiempo de recuperación de la incontinencia urinaria y disfunción eréctil percibida por el paciente comparado con lo informado en la historia clínica. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es comparar la concordancia que existe entre la recuperación de la continencia urinaria y función eréctil reportados por el paciente y la historia clínica. Métodos: Se recolectó una muestra de hombres con cáncer de próstata llevados a prostatectomía radical. Se interrogó el tiempo de recuperación de continencia urinaria y función eréctil posterior a cirugía. El seguimiento mínimo fue un año. Resultados: Entre 2000-2018 se escogieron 158 pacientes. La recuperación de continencia urinaria reportada por la paciente a los 6 meses fue del 82,3 vs. 86,6% reportada en historia clínica, a los 12 meses de la cirugía el reporte de recuperación de la continencia por la paciente fue del 92,5 vs. 95,4 % en la historia clínica, con una diferencia del 2,9%. La recuperación de función eréctil reportada por el paciente a los 6 meses fue de del 69 vs. 77,8% por historia clínica, a los 12 meses la tasa de recuperación reportada por el paciente fue del 77,8 vs. 65,9% por historia clínica. Conclusiones: Se demostró una baja tasa de discrepancia de continencia urinaria y recuperación de la función eréctil entre lo informado por el paciente y la historia clínica. El tiempo entre la cirugía y la solicitud de recuperación no afecta los resultados.

Objective: Radical prostatectomy is associated with complications like urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction. Multiple studies report a discrepancy between recovery time of urinary continence and erectile function perceived by the patient compared to report on clinical history. The objective of our study is to compare the concordancy of recovery of urinary continence and erectile function between the patient's report and clinical history. Methods: A sample of men with prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy was collected. Recovery time of urinary continence and erectile function after surgery by the patient and clinical history was reported. The time of follow-up was at least one year. Results: Between 2000-2018, 158 patients were collected. The recovery time of urinary continence reported by the patient at 6 months was 82.3 vs. 86.6% reported on clinical history. At 12 months after surgery, the recovery of urinary continence reported by the patient was 92.5 vs. 95.4% on clinical history, with a difference of 2.9%. The recovery of erectile function reported by the patient at 6 months was 69 vs. 77.8% on clinical history, and 12 months after surgery the recovery rate reported by the patient was 77.8 vs. 65.9% on clinical history. Conclusion: A low discrepancy of recovery of urinary continence and erectile function between the report by the patient and clinical history was observed. The time between surgery and the recovery request does not change the results

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ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the effects of a cognitive-behavioral program addressing urinary incontinence on the quality of life of men who have undergone radical prostatectomy. Method: Randomized controlled clinical trial with patients undergoing radical prostatectomy in an institution for cancer treatment in Brazil. The 34 participants were randomized into two groups: 17 in the control group who received the institution's standard care and 17 in the intervention group who received the cognitive-behavioral program. Quality of life was assessed using the King's Health Questionnaire and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form. Results: Participants from intervention group showed better results regarding the reduction of the impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life (p ≤ 0.001), with emphasis on limitations in daily activities, general health perception, physical and social limitations, emotions, and sleep and mood. Conclusion: The cognitive-behavioral program was effective in reducing the impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life. This study contributes to clinical practice by providing an effective, low-cost, and easily applicable therapy. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-3sstqg.

RESUMO Objetivo: Explorar os efeitos de um programa cognitivo-comportamental que aborda a incontinência urinária na qualidade de vida de homens submetidos à prostatectomia radical. Método: Ensaio clínico controlado randomizado com pacientes submetidos à prostatectomia radical em instituição para tratamento de câncer no Brasil. Os 34 participantes foram randomizados em dois grupos: 17 no grupo controle, que recebeu o tratamento padrão da instituição, e 17 no grupo de intervenção, que recebeu o programa cognitivo-comportamental. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada usando o King's Health Questionnaire e o International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form. Resultados: Os participantes do grupo de intervenção apresentaram melhores resultados quanto à redução do impacto da incontinência urinária na qualidade de vida (p ≤ 0,001), com destaque para limitações nas atividades diárias, percepção geral de saúde, limitações físicas e sociais, emoções, sono e humor. Conclusão: O programa cognitivo-comportamental foi eficaz na redução do impacto da incontinência urinária na qualidade de vida. Este estudo contribui para a prática clínica ao fornecer uma terapia eficaz, de baixo custo e de fácil aplicação. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos: RBR-3sstqg.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Explorar los efectos de un programa cognitivo-conductual que aborda la incontinencia urinaria en la calidad de vida de los hombres que se han sometido a una prostatectomía radical. Método: Ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado con pacientes sometidos a prostatectomía radical en una institución de tratamiento del cáncer en Brasil. Los 34 participantes fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente en dos grupos: 17 en el grupo de control que recibieron la atención estándar de la institución y 17 en el grupo de intervención que recibieron el programa cognitivo-conductual. La calidad de vida se evaluó utilizando el Cuestionario de Salud del Rey y el Cuestionario de Consulta Internacional sobre Incontinencia-Formulario Abreviado. Resultados: Los participantes del grupo de intervención mostraron mejores resultados en cuanto a la reducción del impacto de la incontinencia urinaria en la calidad de vida (p ≤ 0,001), con énfasis en las limitaciones en las actividades diarias, la percepción general de salud, las limitaciones físicas y sociales, las emociones y el sueño y el estado de ánimo. Conclusión: El programa cognitivo-conductual fue eficaz para reducir el impacto de la incontinencia urinaria en la calidad de vida. Este estudio contribuye a la práctica clínica al proporcionar una terapia efectiva, de bajo costo y de fácil aplicación. Registro Brasileño de Ensayos Clínicos: RBR-3sstqg.

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Objective: to map pelvic floor muscle training protocols available in the literature for the management of post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence. Method: this is a scoping review conducted in six databases. Information retrieval was performed using a specific instrument, including: title, authorship, year of publication, journal, objective, study design and description of the protocols' content. Results: a total of 24 studies were included, which resulted in different protocols. The most frequent recommendations were the following: three sessions per day; with a frequency of six to 15 contractions per session; performing the exercises in the lying, sitting, and standing positions. The most cited guidelines in the protocols were anal sphincter and bulbocavernosus muscle contractions. All protocols followed the principle of regular pelvic floor muscle contraction, but there was no consensus regarding the start of the protocol, treatment duration, contraction/relaxation time, and intensity of the contraction force. Conclusion: different orientations were found in the pelvic floor muscle training protocols post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence, with emphasis on contraction time, relaxation time, number of contractions per session, training position, and protocol duration time. Different concepts were adopted to define urinary continence in the protocols. It is necessary to develop consensus guidelines that clearly define the parameters of training protocols.

Objetivo: mapear los protocolos de ejercicios para los músculos pélvicos disponibles en la literatura para el tratamiento de la incontinencia urinaria post prostatectomía. Método: esta es una revisión de alcance realizada en seis bases de datos. La recuperación de información se realizó mediante un instrumento específico, que incluye: título, autoría, año de publicación, revista, objetivo, diseño del estudio y descripción del contenido de los protocolos. Resultados: se incluyeron 24 estudios en total, de los cuales se obtuvieron diferentes protocolos. Las recomendaciones más frecuentes fueron: tres sesiones por día, con una frecuencia de seis a 15 contracciones por sesión; realizar los ejercicios en posición acostada, sentada y de pie. Las orientaciones más citadas en los protocolos fueron las contracciones del esfínter anal y del músculo bulbocavernoso. Todos los protocolos siguieron el principio de contracción regular de los músculos del piso pélvico, pero no hubo consenso sobre el inicio del protocolo, la duración del tratamiento, el tiempo de contracción/relajación y la intensidad de la fuerza de contracción. Conclusión: se encontraron diferentes orientaciones en los protocolos de entrenamiento de los músculos del piso pélvico para la incontinencia urinaria post prostatectomía, fundamentalmente sobre el tiempo de contracción, tiempo de relajación, número de contracciones por sesión, posición de entrenamiento y tiempo de duración del protocolo. Se adoptaron diferentes conceptos para definir la continencia urinaria en los protocolos. Es necesario desarrollar guías consensuadas que definan claramente los parámetros de los protocolos de entrenamiento.

Objetivo: mapear os protocolos de treinamento dos músculos do assoalho pélvico disponíveis na literatura para o tratamento da incontinência urinária pós-prostatectomia. Método: trata-se de uma revisão de escopo realizada em seis bases de dados. A recuperação de informações foi realizada por meio de um instrumento específico, incluindo: título, autoria, ano de publicação, periódico, objetivo, desenho do estudo e descrição do conteúdo dos protocolos. Resultados: um total de 24 estudos foram incluídos, o que resultou em diferentes protocolos. As recomendações mais frequentes foram as seguintes: três sessões por dia; com frequência de seis a 15 contrações por sessão; realização dos exercícios nas posições deitada, sentada e em pé. As diretrizes mais citadas nos protocolos foram as contrações do esfíncter anal e do músculo bulbocavernoso. Todos os protocolos seguiram o princípio da contração regular dos músculos do assoalho pélvico, mas não houve consenso quanto ao início do protocolo, duração do tratamento, tempo de contração/relaxamento e intensidade da força de contração. Conclusão: foram encontradas diferentes orientações nos protocolos de treinamento dos músculos do assoalho pélvico para incontinência urinária pós-prostatectomia, com ênfase no tempo de contração, tempo de relaxamento, número de contrações por sessão, posição de treinamento e tempo de duração do protocolo. Diferentes conceitos foram adotados para definir a continência urinária nos protocolos. É necessário desenvolver diretrizes de consenso que definam claramente os parâmetros dos protocolos de treinamento.

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OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical therapeutic effect between electroacupuncture at "four points of sacral region" and transurethral Erbium laser in treatment of moderate to severe stress urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy.@*METHODS@#A total of 68 patients of moderate to severe stress urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy were divided into an electroacupuncture group (34 cases) and an Erbium laser group (34 cases, 3 cases dropped off) according to the settings. In the electroacupuncture group, electroacupuncture was applied at "four points of sacral region", i.e. points of 0.5 cun beside bilateral sacrococcygeal joints and bilateral Huiyang (BL 35), with continuous wave, 2 Hz in frequency, 60 min each time, once every other day, 3 times a week, 12 times as one course of treatment. In the Erbium laser group, transurethral Erbium laser technology was given, once every 4 weeks as one course of treatment. Both groups were treated for 5 courses. The scores of the International Consultation on Incontinence questionnaire-short form (ICI-Q-SF) and the incontinence quality of life questionnaire (I-QOL) were observed before treatment, after each course of treatment and in follow-up after 1 and 2 months of treatment completion, respectively, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated after treatment in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared with those before treatment, the ICI-Q-SF scores were decreased while the I-QOL scores were increased after 5 courses of treatment and in follow-up after 1, 2 months of treatment completion in the two groups (P<0.01). The ICI-Q-SF score in follow-up after 2 months of treatment completion were higher than that after 5 courses of treatment in the Erbium laser group (P<0.05). After 3, 4, 5 courses of treatment and in follow-up after 1 and 2 months of treatment completion, the ICI-Q-SF scores in the electroacupuncture group were lower than those in the Erbium laser group (P<0.05, P<0.01); after 2, 3, 4, 5 courses of treatment and in follow-up after 1 and 2 months of treatment completion, the I-QOL scores in the electroacupuncture group were higher than those in the Erbium laser group (P<0.01). The change ranges of ICI-Q-SF score and I-QOL score between before treatment and after each course of treatment in the electroacupuncture group were lager than those in the Erbium laser group (P<0.01, P<0.05). The total effective rate was 61.8% (21/34) in the electroacupuncture group, which was superior to 19.4 (6/31) in the Erbium laser group (P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Both electroacupuncture at "four points of sacral region" and transurethral Erbium laser can improve the clinical symptoms and the quality of life in patients of moderate to severe stress urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy. The short-term efficacy and long-term efficacy of electroacupuncture are superior to the Erbium laser technology.

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We identified distinct senescence-related molecular subtypes and critical genes among prostate cancer (PCa) patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) or radical radiotherapy (RT). We conducted all analyses using R software and its suitable packages. Twelve genes, namely, secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (SFRP4), DNA topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A), pleiotrophin (PTN), family with sequence similarity 107 member A (FAM107A), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 14 (CXCL14), prostate androgen-regulated mucin-like protein 1 (PARM1), leucine zipper protein 2 (LUZP2), cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), vestigial-like family member 3 (VGLL3), apolipoprotein E (APOE), and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member (ALDH2), were eventually used to subtype PCa patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and GSE116918, and the molecular subtypes showed good correlations with clinical features. In terms of the tumor immune environment (TME) analysis, compared with cluster 1, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) scored significantly higher, while endothelial cells scored lower in cluster 2 in TCGA database. There was a statistically significant correlation between both CAFs and endothelial cells with biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival for PCa patients undergoing RP. For the GSE116918 database, cluster 2 had significantly lower levels of CAFs and tumor purity and higher levels of stromal, immune, and Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) scores than cluster 1; in addition, patients with high levels of CAFs, stromal scores, immune scores, and ESTIMATE scores and low levels of tumor purity tended to suffer from BCR. Based on the median of differentially expressed checkpoints, high expression of CD96, hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2 (HAVCR2), and neuropilin 1 (NRP1) in GSE116918 and high expression of CD160 and tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily member 18 (TNFSF18) in TCGA database were associated with a significantly higher risk of BCR than their counterparts. In conclusion, we first constructed distinct molecular subtypes and critical genes for PCa patients undergoing RP or RT from the fresh perspective of senescence.

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The purpose of this study was to analyze the value of transrectal shear-wave elastography (SWE) in combination with multivariable tools for predicting adverse pathological features before radical prostatectomy (RP). Preoperative clinicopathological variables, multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) manifestations, and the maximum elastic value of the prostate (Emax) on SWE were retrospectively collected. The accuracy of SWE for predicting adverse pathological features was evaluated based on postoperative pathology, and parameters with statistical significance were selected. The diagnostic performance of various models, including preoperative clinicopathological variables (model 1), preoperative clinicopathological variables + mp-MRI (model 2), and preoperative clinicopathological variables + mp-MRI + SWE (model 3), was evaluated with area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) analysis. Emax was significantly higher in prostate cancer with extracapsular extension (ECE) or seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) with both P < 0.001. The optimal cutoff Emax values for ECE and SVI were 60.45 kPa and 81.55 kPa, respectively. Inclusion of mp-MRI and SWE improved discrimination by clinical models for ECE (model 2 vs model 1, P = 0.031; model 3 vs model 1, P = 0.002; model 3 vs model 2, P = 0.018) and SVI (model 2 vs model 1, P = 0.147; model 3 vs model 1, P = 0.037; model 3 vs model 2, P = 0.134). SWE is valuable for identifying patients at high risk of adverse pathology.

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Given the dual role of autophagy presenting in tumorigenesis and inhibition, we established an autophagy-related gene prognostic index (ARGPI) with validation to well predict the biochemical recurrence (BCR), metastasis, as well as chemoresistance for patients with prostate cancer (PCa) who underwent radical radiotherapy or prostatectomy. Then, Lasso and COX regression was used to develop the ARGPI. We performed the whole analyses through R packages (version 3.6.3). Secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), single-minded 2 (SIM2), serine protease inhibitor b5 (SERPINB5), aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain 3 (ACSL3) were eventually used to establish the ARGPI score. Patients were divided into two different-risk groups based on the median ARGPI score, high-risk patients with a higher risk of BCR than low-risk patients (hazard ratio [HR]: 5.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.23-9.24). The risk of metastasis of high-risk patients was higher than low-risk patients (HR: 11.31, 95% CI: 4.89-26.12). In The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, we observed similar prognostic value of ARGPI in terms of BCR-free survival (HR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.07-2.99) and metastasis-free survival (HR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.16-2.78). ARGPI score showed a diagnostic accuracy of 0.703 for drug resistance. Analysis of gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) indicated that patients in the high-risk group were significantly positively related to interleukin (IL)-18 signaling pathway. Moreover, ARGPI score was significantly related to cancer-related fibroblasts (CAFs; r = 0.36), macrophages (r = 0.28), stromal score (r = 0.38), immune score (r = 0.35), estimate score (r = 0.39), as well as tumor purity (r = -0.39; all P < 0.05). Drug analysis showed that PI-103 was the common sensitive drug and cell line analysis indicated that PC3 was the common cell line of PI-103 and the definitive gene. In conclusion, we found that ARGPI could predict BCR, metastasis, and chemoresistance in PCa patients who underwent radical radiotherapy or prostatectomy.

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Objective: To analyze three different integrated scoring schemes of prostate biopsy and to compare their concordance with the scoring of radical prostatectomy specimens. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 556 patients with radical prostatectomy performed in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China from 2017 to 2020. In these cases, whole organ sections were performed, the pathological data based on biopsy and radical prostatectomy specimens were summarized, and 3 integrated scores of prostate biopsy were calculated, namely the global score, the highest score and score of the largest volume. Results: Among the 556 patients, 104 cases (18.7%) were classified as WHO/ISUP grade group 1, 227 cases (40.8%) as grade group 2 (3+4=7); 143 cases (25.7%) as grade group 3 (4+3=7); 44 cases (7.9%) as grade group 4 (4+4=8) and 38 cases (6.8%) as grade group 5. Among the three comprehensive scoring methods for prostate cancer biopsy, the consistency of global score was the highest (62.4%). In the correlation analysis, the correlation between the scores of radical specimens and the global scores was highest (R=0.730, P<0.01), while the correlations of the scores based on radical specimens with highest scores and scores of the largest volume based on biopsy were insignificant (R=0.719, P<0.01; R=0.631, P<0.01, respectively). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed tPSA group and the three integrated scores of prostate biopsy were statistically correlated with extraglandular invasion, lymph node metastasis, perineural invasion and biochemical recurrence. Elevated global score was an independent prognostic risk factor for extraglandular invasion and biochemical recurrence in patients; increased serum tPSA was an independent prognostic risk factor for extraglandular invasion; increased hjighest score was an independent risk factor for perineural invasion. Conclusions: In this study, among the three different integrated scores, the overall score is most likely corresponded to the radical specimen grade group, but there is difference in various subgroup analyses. Integrated score of prostate biopsy can reflect grade group of radical prostatectomy specimens, thereby providing more clinical information for assisting in optimal patient management and consultation.

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The long-term survival outcomes of radical prostatectomy (RP) in Chinese prostate cancer (PCa) patients are poorly understood. We conducted a single-center, retrospective analysis of patients undergoing RP to study the prognostic value of pathological and surgical information. From April 1998 to February 2022, 782 patients undergoing RP at Queen Mary Hospital of The University of Hong Kong (Hong Kong, China) were included in our study. Multivariable Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier analysis with stratification were performed. The 5-year, 10-year, and 15-year overall survival (OS) rates were 96.6%, 86.8%, and 70.6%, respectively, while the 5-year, 10-year, and 15-year PCa-specific survival (PSS) rates were 99.7%, 98.6%, and 97.8%, respectively. Surgical International Society of Urological Pathology PCa grades (ISUP Grade Group) ≥4 was significantly associated with poorer PSS (hazard ratio [HR] = 8.52, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.42-51.25, P = 0.02). Pathological T3 stage was not significantly associated with PSS or OS in our cohort. Lymph node invasion and extracapsular extension might be associated with worse PSS (HR = 20.30, 95% CI: 1.22-336.38, P = 0.04; and HR = 7.29, 95% CI: 1.22-43.64, P = 0.03, respectively). Different surgical approaches (open, laparoscopic, or robotic-assisted) had similar outcomes in terms of PSS and OS. In conclusion, we report the longest timespan follow-up of Chinese PCa patients after RP with different approaches.

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OBJECTIVE@#Constructing a predictive model for urinary incontinence after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) based on prostatic gland related MRI parameters.@*METHODS@#In this study, 202 cases were included. All the patients were diagnosed with prostate cancer by prostate biopsy and underwent LRP surgery in Peking University Third Hospital. The preoperative MRI examination of all the patients was completed within 1 week before the prostate biopsy. Prostatic gland related parameters included prostate length, width, height, prostatic volume, intravesical prostatic protrusion length (IPPL), prostate apex shape, etc. From the first month after the operation, the recovery of urinary continence was followed up every month, and the recovery of urinary continence was based on the need not to use the urine pad all day long. Logistic multivariate regression analysis was used to analyze the influence of early postoperative recovery of urinary continence. Risk factors were used to draw the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves of each model to predict the recovery of postoperative urinary continence, and the difference of the area under the curve (AUC) was compared by DeLong test, and the clinical net benefit of the model was evaluated by decision curve analysis (DCA).@*RESULTS@#The average age of 202 patients was 69.0 (64.0, 75.5) years, the average prostate specific antigen (PSA) before puncture was 12.12 (7.36, 20.06) μg/L, and the Gleason score < 7 points and ≥ 7 points were 73 cases (36.2%) and 129 cases (63.9%) respectively, with 100 cases (49.5%) at T1/T2 clinical stage, and 102 cases (50.5%) at T3 stage. The prostatic volume measured by preoperative MRI was 35.4 (26.2, 51.1) mL, the ratio of the height to the width was 0.91 (0.77, 1.07), the membranous urethral length (MUL) was 15 (11, 16) mm, and the IPPL was 2 (0, 6) mm. The prostatic apex A-D subtypes were 67 cases (33.2%), 80 cases (39.6%), 24 cases (11.9%) and 31 cases (15.3%), respectively. The training set and validation set were 141 cases and 61 cases, respectively. The operations of all the patients were successfully completed, and the urinary continence rate was 59.4% (120/202) in the 3 months follow-up. The results of multivariate analysis of the training set showed that the MUL (P < 0.001), IPPL (P=0.017) and clinical stage (P=0.022) were independent risk factors for urinary incontinence in the early postoperative period (3 months). The nomogram and clinical decision curve were made according to the results of multivariate analysis. The AUC value of the training set was 0.885 (0.826, 0.944), and the AUC value of the validation set was 0.854 (0.757, 0.950). In the verification set, the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was performed on the model, and the Chi-square value was 5.426 (P=0.711).@*CONCLUSION@#Preoperative MUL, IPPL, and clinical stage are indepen-dent risk factors for incontinence after LRP. The nomogram developed based on the relevant parameters of MRI glands can effectively predict the recovery of early urinary continence after LRP. The results of this study require further large-scale clinical research to confirm.

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El tumor fibroso solitario (TFS) es una neoplasia mesenquimatosa de tipo fibroblástico que, a pesar de ser localizado principalmente en pleura, se ha observado en otros órganos como la próstata. Por su parte, el tumor fibroso solitario de la próstata es una neoplasia de baja incidencia, crecimiento lento y potencial maligno incierto, que generalmente se compone de células fusiformes de apariencia citológicamente benignas, dispuestas en una arquitectura desorganizada, mezcladas con colágeno y pequeños vasos sanguíneos. Establecer su diagnóstico se ha vuelto más reproducible desde la identificación de la fusión de los genes NAB2-STAT6 por biología molecular, que lleva a la sobreexpresión de STAT6 por inmunohistoquímica, el cual es un marcador muy sensible y específico para TFS. Presentamos el caso clínico de un paciente que debutó con síntomas de compresión vesical, en quien se identificó una masa con epicentro en la próstata que infiltraba la vejiga y llegaba a la pared rectal, y que luego de estudios de patología, inmunohistoquímica y pruebas moleculares se clasificó como un TFS de la próstata, finalmente tratado con cistoprostatectomía radical más derivación urinaria

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a mesenchymal neoplasm of fibroblastic type, which despite being located mainly in the pleura, has been observed in other organs such as the prostate. On the other hand, solitary fibrous tumor of the prostate is a rare neoplasm, slow growing, and of uncertain malignant potential, which is generally composed of spindle cells of cytologically benign appearance, arranged in a disorganized architecture, mixed with collagen and small blood vessels. Establishing its diagnosis has become more reproducible since the identification of the NAB2-STAT6 gene fusion by molecular biology, leading to the overexpression of STAT6 by immunohistochemistry, a very sensitive and specific marker for SFT. We present a clinical report of a patient who consulted with symptoms of bladder compression, in whom a mass was identified with the epicenter in the prostate infiltrating into the bladder and reaching the rectal wall. Following histopathology study, immunohistochemistry and molecular tests it was classified as a SFT of the prostate, finally treated with radical cystoprostatectomy plus urinary shunt

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Objetivo: Verificar se os pacientes prostatectomizados são informados sobre a possibilidade de superação da perda da função erétil pelos benefícios da sexualidade humana após a intervenção cirúrgica. Métodos: A técnica utilizada foi a análise temática que consiste na busca dos núcleos de sentido para se construir uma comunicação. O estudo foi realizado em um hospital de referência no tratamento de câncer e envolveu pacientes prostatectomizados no pós-operatório mediato. Resultados: A perda da função erétil pode ser superada pela utilização da sexualidade humana materializada no amor, carinho e compreensão. Conclusão: A escassez de informações sobre os efeitos da prostatectomia em pacientes cirúrgicos inaugura uma contradição no processo de atenção à saúde aos portadores de câncer de próstata. A contradição, advém do fato de que a resposta a esta questão admite as duas possibilidades, mito e verdade. (AU)

Objective: To verify whether prostatectomy patients are informed about the possibility of overcoming the loss of erectile function due to the benefits of human sexuality after surgical intervention. Methods: The technique used was thematic analysis, which consists of the search for meaning cores to build communication. The study was carried out in a reference hospital for the treatment of cancer and involved patients undergoing prostatectomy in the immediate postoperative period. Results: The loss of erectile function can be overcome by the use of human sexuality materialized in love, affection and understanding. Conclusion: The scarcity of information about the effects of prostatectomy in surgical patients opens a contradiction in the health care process for patients with cancer of prostate. The contradiction comes from the fact that the answer to this question admits the two possibilities, myth and truth. (AU)

Objetivo: Verificar si los pacientes prostatectomizados están informados sobre la posibilidad de superar la pérdida de la función eréctil por los beneficios de la sexualidad humana tras la intervención quirúrgica. Métodos: La técnica utilizada fue el análisis temático, que consiste en la búsqueda de núcleos de significado para construir la comunicación. El estudio se llevó a cabo en un hospital de referencia para el tratamiento del cáncer e involucró a pacientes sometidos a prostatectomía en el postoperatorio inmediato. Resultados: La pérdida de la función eréctil puede superarse mediante el uso de la sexualidad humana materializada en el amor, el afecto y la comprensión. Conclusión: La escasez de información sobre los efectos de la prostatectomía en pacientes quirúrgicos abre una contradicción en el proceso de atención de la salud de los pacientes con cáncer de próstata. La contradicción proviene del hecho de que la respuesta a esta pregunta admite las dos posibilidades, mito y verdad. (AU)

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ABSTRACT Objectives: To compare thulium laser enucleation of prostate (ThuLEP) versus laparoscopic trans-vesical simple prostatectomy (LSP) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Materials and Methods: Data of patients who underwent surgery for "large" BPH (>80mL) at three Institutions were collected and analyzed. Two institutions performed ThuLEP only; the third institution performed LSP only. Preoperative (indwelling catheter status, prostate volume (PVol), hemoglobin (Hb), Qmax, post-voiding residual volume (PVR), IPSS, QoL, IIEF-5) and perioperative data (operative time, enucleated adenoma, catheterization time, length of stay, Hb-drop, complications) were compared. Functional (Qmax, PVR, %ΔQmax) and patient-reported outcomes (IPSS, QoL, IIEF-5, %ΔIPSS, %ΔQoL) were compared at last follow-up. Results: 80 and 115 patients underwent LSP and ThuLEP, respectively. At baseline, median PVol was 130 versus 120mL, p <0.001; Qmax 9.6 vs. 7.1mL/s, p=0.005; IPSS 21 versus 25, p <0.001. Groups were comparable in terms of intraoperative complications (1 during LSP vs. 3 during ThuLEP) and transfusions (1 per group). Differences in terms of operative time (156 vs. 92 minutes, p <0.001), Hb-drop (-2.5 vs. −0.9g/dL, p <0.001), catheterization time (5 vs. 2 days, p <0.001) and postoperative complications (13.8% vs. 0, p <0.001) favored ThuLEP. At median follow-up of 40 months after LSP versus 30 after ThuLEP (p <0.001), Qmax improved by 226% vs. 205% (p=0.5), IPSS decreased by 88% versus 85% (p=0.9), QoL decreased by 80% with IIEF-5 remaining almost unmodified for both the approaches. Conclusions: Our analysis showed that LSP and ThuLEP are comparable in relieving from BPO and improving the patient-reported outcomes. Invasiveness of LSP is more significant.

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ABSTRACT Despite the neuroanatomy knowledge of the prostate described initially in the 1980's and the robotic surgery advantages in terms of operative view magnification, potency outcomes following robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy still challenge surgeons and patients due to its multifactorial etiology. Recent studies performed in our center have described that, in addition to the surgical technique, some important factors are associated with erectile dysfunction (ED) following robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). These include preoperative Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) score, age, preoperative Gleason score, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). After performing 15,000 cases, in this article we described our current Robotic-assisted Radical Prostatectomy technique with details and considerations regarding the optimal approach to neurovascular bundle preservation.

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ABSTRACT Background: Reports in the literature describe lymphocele formation in up to half of patients following pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) (1) in robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), with 1-2% requiring intervention (2). The advantage of surgical approach is permanent excision of the lymphocele capsule and fewer days with pelvic drains compared to percutaneous drainage. This study aims to describe the step-by-step surgical management of symptomatic lymphoceles using a less invasive robotic platform, the Da Vinci® Single Port (SP). Material and Methods: We describe the technique of lymphocelectomy and marsupialization with the Da Vinci® SP for symptomatic lymphocele. For this study, several treatment modalities for symptomatic lymphoceles were available, including percutaneous drainage, sclerosing agents, and surgical marsupialization. All the data for this study were obtained through the procedure via Da Vinci® SP. Results: Operative time for the case was 84 minutes. Blood loss was 25ml. No intra- or post- operative complications were reported. The patient had his drain removed in under 24 hours after surgery. The mean follow-up period was 7.7 months. There were no complications or lymphocele recurrence. Conclusion: Da Vinci® SP lymphocelectomy is safe and feasible with satisfactory outcomes. The SP enables definitive treatment of the lymphocele sac (3), reducing the number of days with abdominal drains and allows further decrease in surgical invasiveness with fewer incisions and better cosmesis.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Over the years, since Binder and Kramer described the first Robotic-assisted Radical Prostatectomy (RARP) in 2000, different Nerve-sparing (NS) techniques have been proposed by several authors (1). However, even with the robotic surgery advantages, functional outcomes following RARP, especially erection recovery, still challenge surgeons and patients (2, 3). In this scenario, we have described different ways and grades of neurovascular bundle preservation (NVB) using the prostatic artery as a landmark until our most recent technique with lateral prostatic fascia preservation and modified apical dissection (4-6). In this video compilation, we have illustrated the anatomical and technical details of different grades of NVB preservation. Surgical technique: After the anterior and posterior bladder neck dissection, we lift the prostate by the seminal vesicles to access the posterior aspect of the prostate. Then, we incise the Denonvilliers layers and work between an avascular plane to release the posterior NVB from 5 to 1 and 7 to 11 o'clock positions on the right and left sides, respectively6. In sequence, we access the prostate anteriorly by incising the endopelvic fascia bilaterally (close to the prostate) until communicating the anterior and posterior planes. Finally, we control the prostatic pedicles with Hem-o-lok clips and then proceed for the apical dissection preserving the maximum amount of urethra length and periurethral tissues. Considerations: Potency recovery following radical prostatectomy remains a challenge due to its multifactorial etiology. However, basic concepts for nerve-sparing are crucial to achieving optimal outcomes, such as minimizing the amount of traction used on dissection, avoiding excessive cautery, and neural preservation based on anatomical landmarks (arteries and planes of dissection).

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Objetivo: Comparar el resultado actual de tres técnicas quirúrgicas en pacientes intervenidos por Hiperplasia Benigna de Próstata (HPB); Enucleación láser de próstata (HoLEP), Resección transuretral (RTU) y Prostatectomía Abierta (PA). Enfermedad que actualmente presenta cambios en su presentación clínica y mayores comorbilidades al momento de la cirugía. Materiales y Método: Análisis retrospectivo de 1. 211 pacientes consecutivos e intervenidos en un mismo centro por HPB entre 2008 y 2017 y con al menos 6 meses de evaluación posoperatoria. Se registró las características periperatorias y comorbilidades, comparando los resultados intra y post operatorios obtenidos según la técnica quirúrgica empleada. Se realizó análisis uni y bivariados en programa SPSS versión 17. Para comparar variables categóricas empleamos test exacto de Fisher y para las variables continuas la prueba de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Al momento de la cirugía 769 pacientes (63,5%) se encuentran en terapia médica por HPB, 268 (22,1%) presentan retención urinaria y 212 (17,5%) se encuentran en terapia anticoagulante-antiagregante. Se realizó HoLEP en 423 pacientes (36,9%), RTU en 651 (56,9%) y PA en 71 (6,2%). Aquellos intervenidos por HoLEP tienen significativa mayor frecuencia de terapia anticoagulante preoperatoria que RTU (9,2% v/s 4,9 %), manteniendo similar tasa de transfusión en post operatorio (0,5%). La mayor necesidad de transfusión la presentan los intervenidos por PA 5,6%. El tiempo de cateterismo y estadía hospitalaria es significativamente más breve en quienes se someten a HoLEP; 3,7 días v/s 4,4 en RTU y 7,1 en PA. También resultan determinantes del tiempo estadía hospitalaria la edad, presencia de cardiopatía coronaria y falla renal. Al sexto mes de la cirugía los pacientes intervenidos por HoLEP tienen un significativo mejor flujo urinario máximo y menor volumen residual. Conclusiones: En esta serie, los pacientes con HBP al momento de requerir cirugía presentan condiciones que se asocian a mayor tiempo de hospitalización: edad, cardiopatía coronaria y falla renal. Confirmamos que aquellos intervenidos con HoLEP registran una hospitalización significativamente más breve y resultados funcionales similares a RTU y PA.

Aim: To compare the current results of three surgical techniques in patients operated on for Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH); Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP), Transurethral Resection (TURP) and Open Prostatectomy (PA). Disease that currently presents changes in its clinical presentation and greater comorbidities at the time of surgery. Materials and Method: Retrospective analysis of 1211 consecutive patients operated on in the same center for BPH between 2008 and 2017 and with at least 6 months of postoperative evaluation. The periperative characteristics and comorbidities were recorded, comparing the intra- and post-operative results obtained according to the surgical technique used. A univariate and bivariate analysis was performed using SPSS version 17. To compare categorical variables, we used Fisher's exact test and the Mann-Whitney test for continuous variables. Results: At the time of surgery 769 patients (63.5%) were on medical therapy for BPH, 268 (22.1%) had urinary retention and 212 (17.5%) were on anticoagulant-antiplatelet therapy. HoLEP was performed in 423 patients (36.9%), TURP in 651 (56.9%) and PA in 71 (6.2%). Those operated on by HoLEP had a significantly higher frequency of preoperative anticoagulant therapy than TURP (9.2% vs. 4.9%), maintaining a similar transfusion rate postoperatively (0.5%). The greatest need for transfusion is presented by those operated on by AP 5.6%. The time of catheterization and hospital stay is significantly shorter in those who undergo HoLEP; 3.7 days v / s 4.4 in TUR and 7.1 in PA. Age, presence of coronary heart disease and kidney failure are also determinants of the length of hospital stay. At the sixth month after surgery, patients operated on by HoLEP had a significantly better peak urinary flow and lower residual volume. Conclusions: In this serie, patients with BPH at the time of requiring surgery, presents conditions that are associated with a longer hospitalization time: age, coronary heart disease and kidney failure. We confirmed that those who underwent HoLEP had a significantly shorter hospitalization and functional results, similar to TURP and AP