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Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a single-session implantation of spinal cord electrical stimulation with neurophysiological monitoring a spinal cord electrical stimulator under general anesthesia with neurophysiological monitoring for the treatment of high-risk diabetic foot.Methods:The clinical data of seven patients with high-risk diabetic foot who underwent spinal cord electrical stimulation in neurosurgery ward nine of Tianjin Huanhu Hospital from May 2022 to May 2023 were collected. The operation was performed under general anesthesia with the "C" arm X ray machine guidance and neurophysiological monitoring. The arterial diameter and peak flow rate of lower extremity, lower extremity skin temperature (calf skin temperature, foot skin temperature), visual analog scale (VAS), continuous distance of movement, blood glucose level and toe wound were compared between patients before and after surgery.Results:A total of seven patients with high-risk diabetic foot were included. The diameters and peak flow rates of femoral artery, popliteal artery, anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery and dorsal foot artery in both lower limbs were significantly improved after surgery. All patients had different degrees of lower limb pain before operation. After operation, VAS score decreased significantly (1.1±0.9 vs. 6.8±3.4), the pain was significantly relieved, and the calf skin temperature and foot skin temperature were significantly higher than those before surgery [calf skin temperature (℃): 33.3±0.9 vs. 30.9±0.7, foot skin temperature (℃): 31.4±0.8 vs. 29.1±0.6], fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose were significantly lower than those before surgery [fasting blood glucose (mmol/L): 7.6±1.4 vs. 10.5±1.2, postprandial blood glucose (mmol/L): 9.3±2.3 vs. 13.5±1.1], the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.01). The lower limb movement of all seven patients was significantly improved after surgery, including one patient who needed wheelchair travel before surgery, and one patient who had intermittent claudication before surgery. Among them, one patient needed wheelchair travel and one patient had intermittent claudication before surgery. All patients could walk normally at 2 weeks after operation. Among the seven patients, two patients had the diabetic foot wound ulceration before surgery, which could not heal for a long time. One month after surgery, blood flow around the foot wound recovered and the healing was accelerated. The wound was dry and crusted around the wound, and the wound healed well. Conclusion:For diabetic high-risk foot patients who are intolerant to diabetic peripheral neuralgia and local anesthesia spinal cord electrical stimulation test, one-time implantation of spinal cord electrical stimulator under general anesthesia under neurophysiological monitoring can effectively alleviate peripheral neuralgia and other diabetic foot related symptoms, improve lower limb blood supply, and reduce the risk of toe amputation. Clinical practice has proved the effectiveness of this technique, especially for the early treatment of diabetic high-risk foot patients.
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Objective To analyze the spatial distribution of the incidence of tuberculosis (TB)in China from 2012 to 2014 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of TB.Methods The database of TB in China from 2012 to 2014 was established by using geographical information system,the spatial distribution map was drawn,trend analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis were conducted to explore the spatial distribution pattern of TB and identify hot areas.Results The trend surface analysis showed that the incidence of TB decreased gradually from the west to the east in China,and the U type curve could reflect the TB distribution from the south to the north;Global spatial autocorrelation analysis showed the 2012-2014 global Moran's I were 0.366,0.364 and 0.358(P＜0.01),suggesting that the incidence of TB had a spatial clustering in China;Local Getis-OrdGi spatial autocorrelation analysis by ArcGIS software showed that there was 11 cluster areas,3 high incidence areas (Xinjiang,Tibet,Qinghai) and 8 low incidence areas (Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai,Hebei,Inner Mongolia,Shanxi,Shandong,Jiangsu).Conclusion The incidence of TB had obviously spatial clustering characteristic,the areas at high risk were mainly in the northwestern and plateau area in China.
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Objective To analyze the spatial distribution of the incidence of tuberculosis (TB)in China from 2012 to 2014 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of TB.Methods The database of TB in China from 2012 to 2014 was established by using geographical information system,the spatial distribution map was drawn,trend analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis were conducted to explore the spatial distribution pattern of TB and identify hot areas.Results The trend surface analysis showed that the incidence of TB decreased gradually from the west to the east in China,and the U type curve could reflect the TB distribution from the south to the north;Global spatial autocorrelation analysis showed the 2012-2014 global Moran's I were 0.366,0.364 and 0.358(P＜0.01),suggesting that the incidence of TB had a spatial clustering in China;Local Getis-OrdGi spatial autocorrelation analysis by ArcGIS software showed that there was 11 cluster areas,3 high incidence areas (Xinjiang,Tibet,Qinghai) and 8 low incidence areas (Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai,Hebei,Inner Mongolia,Shanxi,Shandong,Jiangsu).Conclusion The incidence of TB had obviously spatial clustering characteristic,the areas at high risk were mainly in the northwestern and plateau area in China.
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Objective To study the pathway of miR-221/222 in enhancing radiation resistance of glioblastoma.Methods After 2 Gy of X-ray irradiation,the expressions of miR-221/222 in U251,U87 and LN229 glioblastma cells were detected with real-time PCR.Clonogenic assay was used to measure the radiosensitivity of glioblastoma after knocking down miR-221/222.ChIP assay was used to identify the combination situation of c-jun and miR-221/222.Luciferase assay was applied to check whether PTEN was a target of miR-221/222.Western blot was used to detect the expression of relevant proteins in the glioblastoma cells after knocking down miR-221/222.The effect of miR-221/222 and irradiation on growth of glioblastoma in nude mice was also observed.Results The expression of miR-221/222 was increased by irradiation(t =5.48 ～29.21,P ＜ 0.05) and the radiosensitivity of anti-miR-221/222-transfected cells was alsoincreased(F=1 202.22,1 789.12,1 012.32,P＜0.05).MiR-221/ 222 was transcriptionally regulated by c-jun with a target of PTEN (t =13.16,P ＜ 0.05).When miR-221/222 was knocked-down,the expression of pAkt and DNA-PKcs were down-regulated while PTEN and GSK-3β were up-regulated,and the expression of Akt were not changed.Moreover,the growth of xenograft tumor was significantly inhibited by the combination treatment of anti-miR-221/222 and irradiation(F =56.36,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The expression of miR-221/222 in glioblastoma cells can be increased by irradiation,and the activation of Akt pathway downstream miR-221/222 could enhance the radiation resistance of glioblastoma.
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Objective To explore the diagnostic value of serum and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) aquaporin 4(AQP4)-IgG detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay (ⅡFA) using monkey optical nerve and AQP4 transfected cell as base in neuromyelitis optica (NMO).Methods Serum and CSF AQP4-IgG in 32 NMO patients,41 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients,33 non-inflammatory neurological disease (NIND) patients and serum AQP4-IgG in 20 healthy controls (HC) were detected by monkey optical nerve/AQP4 transfected cell-based IIFA.Results (1) In both optical nerve and AQP4 transfected cell based IIFA,compared with MS,NIND and HC,the patients with NMO had significantly higher positive rate of AQP4-IgG in both serum (optical nerve-based IIFA:NMO 46.9％ (15/32),MS 7.3％ (3/41),NIND 3.0％ (1/33),HC 0 (0/20),P ＜ 0.01 ; cell-based IIFA:NMO 84.4％ (27/32),MS 2.4％ (1/41),NIND 3.0％ (1/33),HC 0 (0/20),P ＜0.01) and CSF (optical nerve-based ⅡFA:NMO 21.9％ (7/32),MS 0 (0/41),NIND 0 (0/33),P ＜ 0.01 ; cell-based IIFA:NMO 56.3％ (18/32),MS 0 (0/41),NIND 0(0/33),P＜0.01); sensitivity of serum AQP4-IgG (optical nerve-based IIFA 46.9％; cell-based IIFA 84.4％) was significantly higher than that of CSF AQP4-IgG (optical nerve-based IIFA 21.9％,P ＜0.01 ; cell-based IIFA 56.3 ％,P ＜ 0.05),while no significant difference was found in specificity between serum and CSF AQP4-IgG in diagnosing NMO; using combination of serum and CSF AQP4-IgG applied,the sensitivity increased (optical nerve-based IlFA 46.9％ vs 50.0％ ; cell-based IIFA 84.4％ vs 87.5％) while specificity remained no change.(2) Compared with optical nerve-based IIFA (serum 46.9％,CSF 21.9％),cell-based IIFA had higher sensitivity in diagnosing NMO (serum 84.4％ ; CSF 56.3％,P ＜ 0.01),while no significant difference of specificity between these two methods.Conclusion It has better clinical value to detect serum and CSF AQP4-IgG at the same time by AQP4 transfected cell based IIFA in diagnosing NMO.
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The study showed that NMBA could inhibit the rabbit thoracic aorta contractions induced by KC1, CaCl2 and NA, and the pD' 2 values were 3.44, 3.67 and 3.73 respectively. NMBA could also antagonize the extracellular Ca2 + contraction of NA with no effect on the intra-cellular Ca2+ contraction. Comparing with verapamil, the mechanism of NMBA action was inferred to blocking Ca2+ influx during excitation. However, further study will be needed.
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The cerebral infarction model was made according to Chen et al To evaluate the severity of infarction the quantity of Evan's blue was measured. The cerebral infarction size was determined by TTC stain. The results showed that ligating the right common carotid artery and the right middle cerebal artery and clamping the left common carotid artery could induce cerebral cortex in farction. Berbamine could decreased the level of Evan's blue and reduce the infarction size compared with control group. It suggests that berbamine possesses protective effect on experimental induced cerebral infarction.
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The isolated working heart of guinea pig perfused with Tyrode's solution could work normally for at least 60 min. It was shown that berbamine ( BA ) could depress the function of isolated working heart of guinea pig in dose-dependent manner. BA 3 mol/L could decrease the left ventricular pressure, aortic pressure, -dP/dtmax, aortic blood flow and coronary blood flow, and increase left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. BA 100 mol/L could result in the ventricular asystole, however, no obvious influence the contraction of atrium.It was also demonstrated that BA could antagonise the arrhythmias induced by the adrenaline in isolated working heart of guinea Pig.
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The contraction of the isolated rabbit renal arteries induced by noradrenaline, high K+ & calcium could be relaxed by berbamine ( BA ). BA shifted dose-response curve of noradrenaline, high K+ snd calcium to the right, but the maximal response was reduced. The antagonistic parameter pD' 2 of berbamine on calcium contrac-tion was 4.76, which is similar to the verapamil (pD'2=5.68). Therefore berbamine can be considered as a non-competitive calcium antagonist.