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1.
J. forensic med ; Fa yi xue za zhi;(6): 158-165, 2022.
Article de Anglais | WPRIM | ID: wpr-984108

RÉSUMÉ

OBJECTIVES@#To understand the perceptions of doctors, patients and forensic examiners on the current situation of medical disputes and medical damage identification in China, and to explore the medical damage identification model that is more conducive for the resolution of medical disputes.@*METHODS@#A questionnaire was designed, and in-service clinicians, forensic examiners and inpatients in Sichuan Province and Chongqing City were randomly selected from April to November 2019. SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze the data of various survey results.@*RESULTS@#Compared with patients (24.92%), doctors (61.72%) believed that the current doctor-patient relationship was more tense than before; both doctors and patients were more inclined to choose voluntary consultation and people's mediation to resolve medical disputes; forensic examiners have the highest level of cognition of medical and health-related laws and regulations, followed by doctors and patients; 66.72% of doctors and 78.41% of patients believed that medical damage identification was necessary, and they were more inclined to entrust forensic identification institutions; different groups all believed that forensic examiners and doctors should participate in the identification together, 80.94% of doctors believed that the appraisal institutions should be responsible for the forensic opinion, not the appraiser.@*CONCLUSIONS@#It is suggested that the Medical Association identification and forensic identification should learn from each other and formulate basic unified rules for the identification of medical damage. It is suggested to standardize the behavior of medical damage forensic identification institutions and appraisers, to improve their own appraisal level, actively invite clinical medical experts for consultation in identification, and promote the standardized, scientization of forensic identification.


Sujet(s)
Humains , Chine , Désaccords et litiges , Médecine légale , Relations médecin-patient , Enquêtes et questionnaires
2.
J. forensic med ; Fa yi xue za zhi;(6): 687-693, 2021.
Article de Anglais | WPRIM | ID: wpr-984072

RÉSUMÉ

Routine pathological examination of unexplained sudden cardiac death (USCD) lacks significant morphological characteristics. In the field of forensic medicine, molecular biology methods have been used to find the cause of death by detecting genes and research related to the mechanism of sudden cardiac death has been carried out. From the molecular pathology point of view, the application of multiple levels of biomarkers to resolve the causes of USCD has already shown potential and provides an important path for forensic identification of USCD. This article reviews the latest research progress on USCD-related genes, RNA, proteins and USCD, and summarizes forensic application.


Sujet(s)
Humains , Marqueurs biologiques , Mort subite cardiaque/anatomopathologie , Médecine légale , Anatomopathologie légale , Coeur
3.
J. forensic med ; Fa yi xue za zhi;(6): 622-628, 2017.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM | ID: wpr-692374

RÉSUMÉ

Internal carotid arterial system is the main source of blood supply in brain. In forensic identi-fication practice, blunt injures of internal carotid arterial system usually cause complications such as throm-bus, aneurysm and arteriovenous fistula, etc. The deaths following delayed cerebral infarction or intracra-nial haemorrhage are not rare. At present, literature of deaths caused by blunt injuries of internal carotid arterial system mainly consist of case reports in China. This paper reviews related literature and case re-ports at home and abroad, and summarizes forensic medical features and identification method of the deaths caused by such injuries. The results show that blunt injures of internal carotid arterial system are related to the direct or indirect force on head and neck, which can result in exceed physiological range traction of head and neck, incision following basicranial fracture, etc. Such injuries are common in the cases as mechanical asphyxia, cervical manipulation, traffic accident and fall, etc. The artery should be examined carefully, and the relationship among injury, disease and death should be analysed correctly when no cause of infarction and hemorrhage was found in routine examination of such cases in forensic pratice. Because of the difficulty for exposing the artery completely in autopsy, angiography can be used to infer the location when necessary for improving the scientificity and reliability of the appraisal conclusion.

4.
J. forensic med ; Fa yi xue za zhi;(6): 97-99, 2016.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM | ID: wpr-984051

RÉSUMÉ

OBJECTIVE@#To establish regression model between craniofacial lines and body height by measuring craniofacial lines in Southwest Han males using CT and to accumulate data for the study of forensic anthropology.@*METHODS@#Head CT data of 273 Han males in Southwest were collected and 7 craniofacial lines were determined. Multiplanar reconstruction and volume rendering were performed by image post-processing software and the selected lines were measured. The relationship between each measuring indicator and body height was analyzed using SPSS 21.0 software. The regression equation of body height estimation was established and 50 samples were selected again and put into the mathematics models to verify its accuracy.@*RESULTS@#The linear regression equations of 7 lines were established (P < 0.05). The correlation coefficients of the unary linear regression equations were 0.190-0.439 and the standard errors of the estimate (SEE) were 4.597-5.023 cm. The correlation coefficients of the multiple linear regression equation were 0.494-0.524 and the SEE were 4.418-4.458 cm. The return tests showed that the highest ± 1SEE accuracy of the multiple regression equation: y = 83.959+3.589 x6+2.573 x2, were 30%; and the highest ± 2SEE accuracy of the multiple regression equation: y = 72.646+3.316 x6+1.586 x2+1.553 x4+2.211 x3, were 92%.@*CONCLUSION@#There is significant linear correlation between 7 selected lines and the stature in this study, and the plural linear regression equation established could be applied for estimating the stature of Southwest Han males.


Sujet(s)
Humains , Mâle , Asiatiques , Taille , Face/anatomie et histologie , Anthropologie médicolégale , Tête/anatomie et histologie , Traitement d'image par ordinateur , Modèles linéaires , Logiciel , Tomodensitométrie
5.
J. forensic med ; Fa yi xue za zhi;(6): 376-379, 2009.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM | ID: wpr-983509

RÉSUMÉ

The disaster is a sudden unexpected event that causes serious human injuries and deaths as well as missing persons. The main tasks of forensic DNA laboratories are to identify victim in the disaster. After reviewed the previous disasters and related studies, we proposed a new procedure of DNA identification for the use of disaster in the future, which includes preparation works, samples collection, samples storage, DNA extraction, typing, data analysis and interpretation of results. Some experiences and problems about the DNA identification are also discussed.


Sujet(s)
Humains , Os et tissu osseux/composition chimique , ADN/isolement et purification , Profilage d'ADN/méthodes , Catastrophes , Génétique légale/méthodes , Répétitions microsatellites , Études rétrospectives , Manipulation d'échantillons/méthodes
6.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM | ID: wpr-308061

RÉSUMÉ

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the forensic utility of Y-single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) markers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Allele-specific PCR, restriction enzyme digestion or direct PCR were performed to examine 10 different SNP loci on Y chromosome, namely M9, M15, M45, M89, M95, M122, M134, M145, M173 and P25 in 161 Chinese Han males.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 8 of the 10 SNPs are reported to be polymorphic in Chinese. The gene diversity for the loci showing polymorphism ranged from 0.988/0.012-0.752/0.248, with a power of discrimination 0.094-0.373. Loci M122 and M134 were the most polymorphic markers in Chinese Hans. Nine different haplogroups with frequencies from 1.2% to 51.6% were observed and 3 of the haplogroups-K*(x O2a, O3, P), O3*(x O3e) and O3e were found in 75.2% of Chinese Hans.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A comprehensive gene diversity data of Y chromosome and haplogroups were obtained in Sichuan Han population, which will be served as the base for using these Y-SNP markers in forensic medicine and individual identification in Sichuan Hans.</p>


Sujet(s)
Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Chine , Chromosomes Y humains , Génétique , Haplotypes , Génétique , Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne , Polymorphisme génétique , Génétique
7.
J. forensic med ; Fa yi xue za zhi;(6): 36-38, 2006.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM | ID: wpr-983125

RÉSUMÉ

OBJECTIVE@#To solve the difficulties of identification of Sarcosaphagous flies such as Lucilia sericata (Meigen) and Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann) which could not be identified by analyzing the 278bp and 635 bp regions of the gene encoding for cytochrome oxidase subunit I and II (CO I and CO II) in mtDNA.@*METHODS@#Specimens were collected from the corpses of rabbits on the grassland in Huhhot and Chengdu, the sequences of 551 bp region of 16S rDNA of their mtDNA were analyzed, the multiple-alignment program DNAMAN(version 4.0) and MEGA 2.1 sofeware were employed for sequence alignments neighbour-joining tree construction.@*RESULTS@#Lucilia sericata (Meigen) and Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann) were distinguished successfully by sequence analysis of The 551 bp region of the gene of 16S rDNA.@*CONCLUSION@#The 551 bp region of the gene of 16S rDNA of sarcosaphagous flies can be used for identifying them on species level effectively. It is likely to be a successful compliment to identify the sarcosaphagous flies by sequence analysis of CO I and CO II in mtDNA.


Sujet(s)
Animaux , Lapins , ADN mitochondrial/génétique , ADN ribosomique/génétique , Diptera/génétique , Médecine légale/méthodes , Données de séquences moléculaires , Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne/méthodes , ARN ribosomique 16S/génétique , Analyse de séquence d'ADN , Spécificité d'espèce
8.
Article de Anglais | WPRIM | ID: wpr-321109

RÉSUMÉ

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To add DXS7133, GATA198A10, DXS9896 and DXS6797 to the panel of forensically validated X chromosome markers, and apply the multiplex amplification system to a population study and forensic analysis on the Hans of Chengdu.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The PCR products were detected by the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining method. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium of females was tested and every forensically interested value was calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Sequencing revealed that their common sequence motifs were tetranucleotide repeats. Population genetic data were obtained by analyzing 120 unrelated females and 100 males from Chengdu Han ethnic group. In this population, DXS7133, GATA198A10, DXS9896 and DXS6797 exhibited 6, 6, 11, 8 distinguishable alleles respectively. Chi-square test demonstrated that genotype frequencies in females did not depart from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Power of discrimination for female samples for the four loci were 0.7962, 0.8021, 0.9675, and 0.9444. The parentage testing in 32 cases revealed a typical X-linked inheritance and no mutations.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DXS7133, GATA198A10, DXS9896 and DXS6797, which are highly polymorphic in Chengdu Han population, are appropriate for individual identification and paternity testing involving a female child.</p>


Sujet(s)
Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Asiatiques , Génétique , Loi du khi-deux , Chine , Chromosomes X humains , Génétique , Fréquence d'allèle , Génotype , Répétitions microsatellites , Génétique , Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne , Polymorphisme génétique , Génétique
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