Expression of PLCD3 mRNA in synovium of osteoarthritis and its relationship with immune cell infiltration / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the expression of PLCD3 mRNA in the synovium of osteoarthritis(OA)and its relationship with immune cell infiltration.Methods Based on the differentially expressed genes of OA found in the previous study,the expression of phospholipase Cδ3(PLCD3)mRNA was detected by col-lecting synovial samples from OA group and control group.CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze the infiltration pattern of immune cells in OA group and control group,and the correlation between PLCD3 and infiltrating immune cells was further analyzed.Results Compared with the control group,the relative expres-sion level of PLCD3 mRNA was significantly increased in synovial samples of OA group(P<0.05).The pro-portions of B cells naive,NK cells activated,M2 macrophages and mast cells activated in synovial tissues of OA group were relatively high(P<0.05).PLCD3 was positively correlated with the proportion of these four immune cells(P<0.05).Conclusion PLCD3 may be a key biomarker for the diagnosis of OA,which may be involved in the pathogenesis of OA by interacting with infiltrating immune cells.

Early imaging and circulating marker features of gallbladder carcinoma / 基础医学与临床

Gallbladder carcinoma(GBC)is one of the most common malignant tumors in the biliary system,which is difficult to diagnose in the early stage due to its high degree of malignancy,invasiveness and lack of specific clin-ical manifestations.In this paper,we summarize ultrasound,CT and other imaging manifestations in the early stage of GBC,and describe the role of protein markers and microRNA marker as biomarkers in the diagnosis of early GBC.The enhanced understanding of the relevant features might help to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of early gallbladder carcinoma.

Mechanism by which miR-34a-5p/PLCD3 axis regulates osteoarthritis progression / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Molecular mechanisms targeting the miRNA/mRNA axis to regulate osteoarthritis disease process have been studied.We identified the mRNA:phospholipase C delta 3(PLCD3)and its target miRNA(miR-34a-5p)with clinical predictive value through previous bioinformatics studies,while experiments to verify their specific roles and mechanisms in regulating osteoarthritis are still lacking. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the regulatory role and mechanism of miR-34a-5p/PLCD3 axis on osteoarthritis progression. METHODS:The synovium of 15 patients with knee osteoarthritis was selected as the osteoarthritis group,and the synovium of 15 young patients with internal fixation of patellar fracture caused by trauma during the same period was selected as the control group.The expression of PLCD3 and miR-34a-5p in the synovium was detected by real-time PCR.Human fibroblast like synovial cells-osteoarthritis(HFLS-OA)cells were treated by cell transfection and divided into miR-34a-5p mimic group,pCDH-PLCD3 group,miR-34a-5p mimic+pCDH-PLCD3 group,miR-34a-5p inhibitor group,si-PLCD3 group,and miR-34a-5p inhibitor+si-PLCD3 group.The relationship between PLCD3 and miR-34a-5p expression was detected by real-time PCR.The effects of HFLS-OA cell viability and cell migration in each group were detected by CCK-8 assay and cell scratch test.Western blot assay was used to detect the expression level of apoptosis marker protein.The expression of inflammatory factors was detected by ELISA. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)PLCD3 was a direct target of miR-34a-5p,and the expression levels of PLCD3 and miR-34a-5p were negatively correlated.(2)Upregulation of PLCD3 promoted proliferation of HFLS-OA cells and inhibited cell migration.The up-regulation of miR-34a-5p significantly inhibited the activity of HFLS-OA cells and enhanced cell migration.Overexpression of miR-34a-5p significantly increased the levels of Casp3 and Casp9 proteins in HFLS-OA cells,while overexpression of PLCD3 showed the opposite trend.(3)PLCD3 overexpression significantly increased the expression of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in HFLS-OA cells,while miR-34a-5p mimics showed protective activity.(4)The miR-34a-5p/PLCD3 axis may affect the progression of osteoarthritis by regulating the inflammatory process or apoptosis of synovial cells.

Pathogenic characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to carbapenems and polymyxin / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: Analysis and investigation of pathogenic characteristics of polymyxin-and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (PR-CRKP). Methods: A total of 23 PR-CRKP strains isolated from clinical specimens from the General Hospital of Southern Theater Command from March 2019 to July 2021 were retrospectively collected, Whole-genome sequencing was performed on 23 PR-CRKP strains, resistance genes were identified by comparison of the CARD and the ResFinder database, high-resolution typing of PR-CRKP strains was analyzed by core genomic multilocus sequencing (cgMLST) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP); polymyxin resistance genes were determined by PCR and sequencing. Results: All PR-CRKP strains were KPC-2 producing ST11 types. cgMLST results showed that the evolutionary distance between the PR-CRKP strains and Klebsiella pneumoniae in mainland China was 66.44 on average, which is more closely related than foreign strains; the 23 PR-CRKP strains were divided into 3 main subclusters based on SNP phylogenetic trees, with some aggregation among Clade 2-1 in the isolation department and date. The two-component negative regulatory gene mgrB has seven mutation types including point mutations, different insertion fragments and different insertion positions. Conclusion: The close affinity of PR-CRKP strains indicate the possibility of nosocomial clonal transmission and the need to strengthen surveillance of PR-CRKP strains to prevent epidemic transmission of PR-CRKP.

Macrophage Activation Induced by TMAO through CD147 / MMPs / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite of intestinal flora, can promote Atherosclerosis (AS) in various ways. Current studies have found that it has a close relationship with plaque stability in clinical practice, but its molecular mechanism remains unclear at present. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducers (CD147) / matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) regulate a signal pathway highly related to plaque stability, which can promote plaque instability and lead to cardiovascular adverse events by weakening the thickness of the fibrous cap. Therefore, in this study, the mouse macrophageRAW264. 7 was stimulated by TMAO to establish a cell model to observe the effects on CD147, MMP2, and MMP9, and the CD147 gene silencing model was further constructed by using the siRNA transfection method to explore the interaction between CD147 and MMP2 and MMP9. Rt-qPCR and Western blotting results showed that there was no significant change in the gene expression level of CD147 in mouse macrophage RAW264. 7, but significantly increased in protein levels (P < 0. 05), while MMP2 andMMP9 were increased in mRNA and protein levels (P<0. 05). The expression of CD147, MMP2, andMMP9 was significantly inhibited in CD147 siRNA transfected cells (P<0. 05). In conclusion, TMAO significantly increases the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 in mouse macrophages RAW264. 7, and this effect may be partially realized through the CD147/ MMP pathway.

Buyang Huanwutang Promoted Proliferation and Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells via Regulating Autophagy Following Oxygen-glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation Injury / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of Buyang Huanwutang （BHT） on proliferation and differentiation in neural stem cells （NSCs） after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation （OGD/R） injury. Method:NSCs isolated from the hippocampus of SD rats were cultured and randomly divided into a normoxia group， a model group， a BHT group， a rapamycin （Rapa） group， and a combination group ［autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine （3-MA） combined with BHT］. The 20% blank serum was used in the normoxia group， and 20% BHT-medicated serum in the BHT group. The doses of Rapa and 3-MA were 1 μmol·L^-1 and 5 mmol·L^-1， respectively. The cells were subjected to OGD/R except those in the normoxia group. The cell morphology was observed under a light microscope. NSCs were confirmed by immunofluorescence detection of nestin expression. The viability and proliferation of NSCs were assessed by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay and 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine （EdU） labeling， respectively. Furthermore， Ad-mCherry-GFP-LC3B fluorescence assay was performed to investigate autophagy. The effect of BHT on autophagy-related protein expression was detected by western blot assay. Brain derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）， <italic>β</italic>-tubulin Ⅲ， and glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） were evaluated by immunofluorescence assay. Result:OGD/R significantly reduced the cell viability of rat NSCs as compared with the normoxia group. Compared with the model group， the BHT group exhibited significantly improved viability of rat NSCs （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. BHT induced the production of autophagosomes in NSCs after OGD. The BHT group showed increased expression of microtuble-associated protein 1 light chain 3Ⅱ (LC3Ⅱ） and Beclin-1 （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01） and slightly changed p62 compared with the normoxia group， and significantly up-regulated LC3Ⅱ and Beclin-1 （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01） and down-regulated expression of p62 （<italic>P</italic><0.01） compared with the model group. The Rapa group had similar effect as the BHT group （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）， while the combination group inhibited the activity of autophagy （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. As indicated by the results of ad-mCherry-GFP-LC3B， compared with the normoxia group， the model group showed increased fluorescence intensity （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and the BHT and Rapa groups could further increased the fluorescence intensity of autophagy （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， while the combination group inhibited autophagy activity （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Immunofluorescence results revealed that compared with the normoxia group， the model group displayed significantly reduced positive cells of EdU， <italic>β</italic>-tubulin Ⅲ， GFAP， and BDNF （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and the BHT and Rapa groups exerted similar protective and promoting effects （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）， while the combination group partially blocked the neuroprotection and differentiation ability of BHT （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:BHT pretreatment can effectively protect rat NSCs against OGD-induced injury and promoted proliferation and differentiation by up-regulating autophagy.

Analysis on the response measures and outcomes of four epidemics of infectious diseases in Shanghai based on a time axis / 上海预防医学

Objective To compare the response measures and outcomes of SARS-CoV(2003), H1N1 influenza(2009), H7N9 influenza(2013)and COVID-19(2020)in Shanghai and provide scientific evidence for the emergency response of public health emergencies. Methods We compared the response measures and outcomes of the four epidemics in Shanghai in the aspects of government response, prevention and control system, scientific and technological support, social mobilization and prevention effects, using critical incident analysis based on the time axis of the epidemics from literature review. Results In response to the four epidemics of infectious diseases occurred in 2003-2020, Shanghai has generally made some significant effort and flexible measures in the first month of the epidemics, including"closure of live poultry markets"and"three closed-loops and four 100% coverage"and other specific prevention and control measures, which have enhanced the prevention and control system. However, we identified that the construction of prevention and control system for public health emergencies remained inefficient, compared to rapid economic development. The majority of the construction measures were principally post-epidemic. In addition, there were many challenges, such as passive response, temporary response teams and measures, and difficulties in the flexible bottom-up response for residents, families and industries without standard operating procedure and guidelines. Conclusion It may be an effective measure for the prevention and control of infectious diseases to build joint prevention and control measures with mass participation and regular drills, in the perspectives of strategic, tactical and operational levels of epidemic prevention and control.

A novel robust nomogram based on peripheral monocyte counts for predicting lymph node metastasis of prostate cancer / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Accurate methods for identifying pelvic lymph node metastasis (LNM) of prostate cancer (PCa) prior to surgery are still lacking. We aimed to investigate the predictive value of peripheral monocyte count (PMC) for LNM of PCa in this study. Two hundred and ninety-eight patients from three centers were divided into a training set (n = 125) and a validation set (n = 173). In the training set, the independent predictors of LNM were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, and the optimal cutoff value was calculated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The sensitivity and specificity of the optimal cutoff were authenticated in the validation cohort. Finally, a nomogram based on the PMC was constructed for predicting LNM. Multivariate analyses of the training cohort demonstrated that clinical T stage, preoperative Gleason score, and PMC were independent risk factors for LNM. The subsequent ROC analysis showed that the optimal cutoff value of PMC for diagnosing LNM was 0.405 × 109 l

Protective effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes against the reproductive toxicity of cyclophosphamide is associated with the p38MAPK/ERK and AKT signaling pathways / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Spermatogenic dysfunction caused by cyclophosphamide (CP) chemotherapy has seriously influenced the life quality of patients. Unfortunately, treatments for CP-induced testicular spermatogenic dysfunction are limited, and the molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. For the first time, here, we explored the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (BMSC-exos) on CP-induced testicular spermatogenic dysfunction in vitro and in vivo. BMSC-exos could be taken up by spermatogonia (GC1-spg cells). CP-injured GC1-spg cells and BMSC-exos were cocultured at various doses, and then, cell proliferation was measured using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. In addition, photophosphorylation of extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), and protein kinase B (AKT) proteins was evaluated by western blotting as well as apoptosis in GC1-spg cells measured using flow cytometry. Treatment with BMSC-exos enhanced cell proliferation and reduced apoptosis of CP-injured GCI-spg cells. Phosphorylated levels of ERK, AKT, and p38MAPK proteins were reduced in CP-injured spermatogonia when co-treated with BMSC-exos, indicating that BMSC-exos acted against the reproductive toxicity of CP via the p38MAPK/ERK and AKT signaling pathways. In experiments in vivo, CP-treated rats received BMSC-exos by injection into the tail vein, and testis morphology was compared between treated and control groups. Histology showed that transfusion of BMSC-exos inhibited the pathological changes in CP-injured testes. Thus, BMSC-exos could counteract the reproductive toxicity of CP via the p38MAPK/ERK and AKT signaling pathways. The findings provide a potential treatment for CP-induced male spermatogenic dysfunction using BMSC-exos.

Clinical Effect of Addition and Subtraction Therapy of Wuhutang Combined with Qingjin Jianghuotang to Community Acquired Pneumonia in Children with Syndrome of Phlegm Heat Closing Lung / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To discuss clinical effect of addition and subtraction therapy of Wuhutang combined with Qingjin Jianghuotang to community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children with syndrome of phlegm heat closing lung, and to study the influence to inflammatory factors. Method:One hundred and forty patients were randomly divided into control group (69 cases) and observation group (71 cases) by random number table. Patients in two group of chidren got comprehensive symptomatic treatment measures of anti-infection, antipyretic, expectorant, antiasthmatic and respiratory support of inflammatory factors. The control group was treated with Lingyang Qingfei granules.1 g/time,3 time/day. Patients in observation group added addition and subtraction therapy of Wuhutang combined with Qingjin Jianghuotang, 1 dose/day. The courses of treatment in two groups were 7 days. And temperature, time of antipyretic, time of complete antipyretic and rate of complete antipyretic at the 7th day after treatment were recorded. And release time and disappearance time of cough, expectoration, disappearance time of pulmonary rales and treatment failure were also recorded. And before and after treatment, scores of syndrome of phlegm heat closing lung were graded, and levels of serum high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected. Result:Analyzed by rank sum test, effect in observation group was better than that in control group (Z=2.106, P<0.05), and curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome was also better than that in control group (Z=2.119, P<0.05). Time of antipyretic, time of complete antipyretic, release time and disappearance time of cough and expectoration and disappearance time of pulmonary rales were all shorter than those in control group (P<0.01). Rate of complete antipyretic at the 7th day after treatment in observation group was 96.92%（63/65） higher than 82.81%（53/64） in control group (χ2=7.085, P<0.05). Failure rate of treatment was 9.23%（6/65） lower than 23.44%（15/64） in control group (χ2=4.775, P<0.05). And major symptom, physical sign score, minor symptom score, the total score of syndrome of phlegm heat closing lung and levels of hs-CRP, PCT, TNF-α and IL-6 were all lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion:On the basis of comprehensive anti-infection treatment, addition and subtraction therapy of Wuhutang combined with Qingjin Jianghuotang can control the clinical symptoms, and the advantages of rapid onset, rapid symptom regression, short course of disease can be found, and it can also reduce the inflammatory reaction, control the progress of the disease. The complete antipyretic rate, disease efficacy and TCM syndrome efficacy are better.

Tobacco point-of-purchase marketing in primary and middle school neighbourhoods in Tianjin / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the distribution of tobacco point-of-purchase(pop) activies 100 meters around the primary and middle school and the situation of selling cigarettes to students of Tianjin. To provide evidence for creating a smoke-free and healthy school environment.@*Methods@#With the method of simple random sampling, 195 schools were selected to investigate the tobacco retailers within 100 meters around the school, and the nearest tobacco retailers was observed.@*Results@#Totally 36.9 percent of the schools found tobacco retailers within 100 meters. There were 127 tobacco retailers, and no tobacco advertisements were found. The percentage of tobacco retailers within 100 meters of vocational schools, primary schools and middle schools was 33.3%, 34.1% and 40.4%, respectively. Among the 72 tobacco retailers observed, the proportion of tobacco retailers within 20, 21-50, and 51-100 meters from the school were 9.7%, 36.1% and 54.2%, respectively. The majority of tobacco retailers were grocery stores/convenience stores (55.6%), followed by alcohol and tobacco stores (34.7%). The proportion of tobacco selling points failing to set up the signs of "smoking harmful to health" and "not selling cigarettes to minors" were 81.9% and 86.1% respectively.@*Conclusion@#It’s concerning that the layout of tobacco retailers and the posting of signs, and the tobacco products for to minors in Tianjin. It is necessary to strengthen the surrounding environment renovation and publicity and law enforcement.

Efficacy of medicinal penetration on acupoint as adjunctive therapy on histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis of heat-toxin syndrome: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the clinical efficacy of medicinal penetration on acupoint combined with medication for histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (HNL) of heat-toxin syndrome, and to explore the methods of improving the clinical effect.@*METHODS@#A total of 72 cases with HNL with heat-toxin syndrome were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 36 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with oral administration of prednisone tablets for 40 days (first 5 days: 10 mg, three times a day; since then, reduced by 5 mg every 7 days). In the observation group, on the basis of the medication in the control group, the patients were treated with acupoint application and ultrasonic drug penetration therapy, once a day for 14 days. The acupoints of Waiguan (TE 5), Fengchi (GB 20) of affected side and points were selected. The changes of target lymph node swelling, visual analogue score (VAS), axillary temperature and total score of symptoms and signs were evaluated before treatment and 7, 14, 28 and 40 d into treatment; the changes of white blood cell (WBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were evaluated on 14 d and 40 d into treatment; the patients were followed-up for half a year.@*RESULTS@#① Fourteen days into treatment, the clinical cured rate in the observation group was 38.9% (14/36), which was superior to 16.7% (6/36) in the control group (0.05). ④ The recurrence rate in the observation group was 5.6% (2/36), which was similar to 16.7% (6/36) in the control group (>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The medicinal penetration on acupoint as adjunctive treatment could effectively relieve the discomfort symptoms of HNL patients with syndrome of heat and toxin, improve the clinical cured rate, and provide the research direction for shortening the course of medication.

Impact of the degrees of intravesical prostatic protrusion on the recovery of urinary continence after radical prostatectomy / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the influence of the degrees of intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) on the recovery of urinary continence after radical prostatectomy.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data on 212 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer by biopsy and treated by laparoscopic radical prostatectomy by the same surgeon. Based on the degrees of IPP measured by MRI, we divided the patients into an IPP ≤ 10 mm group (n = 146) and an IPP > 10 mm group (n = 66) and determined the factors influencing the recovery of urinary continence by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.@*RESULTS@#At 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery, the urinary continence rates of the patients were 32.5%, 50.5%, 82.1% and 91%, respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that the factors influencing the recovery of urinary continence included IPP, body mass index (BMI), bladder neck preservation (BNP), neurovascular bundle preservation (NVBP) and clinical tumor (T) stage at 3 months (P 10 mm (P 10 mm and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 are independent factors influencing the long-term recovery of urinary continence after radical prostatectomy.

Mechanism of melanoma growth inhibition by exogenous mitochondria / 药学学报

Alterations of mitochondrial structure and function in tumor cells allow cell survival and proliferation under hypoxic and acidic microenvironment. The effect of normal mitochondria on tumor initiation and development remains unknown. In this study, mice were euthanized by rapid cervical dislocation for isolation of hepatic mitochondria, which were injected intravenously to melanoma-bearing mice. This animal experiment had been approved by Southwest University Experiment Animal Ethics Review Committee. The results showed that exogenous mitochondria can significantly inhibit the growth of melanoma. Mitochondria isolated from the liver of young mice had more potent anti-melanoma effect than those isolated from aging mice. The average volume of tumors decreased significantly from 1.35 cm3 to 0.34 cm3, and the average mass of tumors decreased significantly from 0.63 g to 0.22 g. This anti-tumor mechanism might be associated with induction of mitophagy and cell necrosis after the exogenous mitochondria entering the melanoma cells. As mitotherapy can clinically improve somatic cell survival for treatment of pediatric patients with myocardial ischemia, the observed anti-tumor effect of exogenous mitochondria provides a hope for selective tumor treatment.

Sharp injuries among health care workers in Xuzhou / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To investigate the occurrence and reporting of sharp injuries among health care workers (HCWs)at all levels of hospitals in Xuzhou City,provide evidences for formulating protective measures against sharp injuries and improving the reporting system.Methods From July to August 2016,13 hospitals in Xuzhou City were randomly selected by multi-stage stratified random sampling method,the general information,occurrence of sharp injuries,and reporting situation was performed questionnaire survey.Results A total of 2 694 valid question-naires were collected,incidence,case incidence,and reporting rate of sharp injuries were 10.32%,12.84%,and 30.64% respectively.Case incidence of sharp injuries among HCWs in primary,secondary,and tertiary hospitals were 44.83%,11.53%,and 12.52% respectively,case incidences of sharp injuries in different levels of hospitals were significantly different (χ2＝55.148,P＜0.001).The main opportunity for sharp injuries was when HCWs re-turned needle cap (79 cases,22.83%),the main device involving sharp injuries was hollow-bore needle (297 cases, 85.84%).Incidences of sharp injuries among HCWs receiving different training were significantly different (χ2＝66.760,P＜0.001).Conclusion Current situation of sharp injuries among HCWs in this region is not optimistic, there are some problems such as poor training efficacy,low reporting rate and low use rate of safety devices,effec-tive measures should be taken to establish an effective monitoring and tracking system for sharp injuries,so as to re-duce the occurrence of sharp injuries.

Drug management of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome / 中国当代儿科杂志

This article reviewed the Consensus Recommendations on Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) from the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference in 2015 and the literature related to drug management of ARDS. The main points of drug management of pediatric ARDS were summarized.

The effects of strong intensive field training on oral health of military officers and soldiers / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective: To examine oral health condition of the military officers and soldiers before and after military field training. Methods: After technical training,investigators went to a military field training place to carry out the oral health examination at the beginning and at the time of ending,respectively. Basic examinations included oral ulcer conditions,sulcus bleeding index(SBI) and plaque index(PLI). Results: 145 military officers and soldiers were consistent with inclusion criteria. Compared with those before field training,at the end of training the incidence of oral ulcer was significantly increased(P ＜ 0. 05); SBI of 16,26,36 and 46 was significantly higher(P ＜ 0. 05); PLI of 16,26,36 and 46 was significantly higher(P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion: Oral health condition of military officers and soldiers may become poor during field training,corresponding oral health care should be emphasized.

Dictamni Cortex powder-induced liver injury based on integrated evidence chain / 中国中药杂志

A typical clinical case of taking Dictamni Cortex(Baixianpi) powder was analyzed to study liver damage caused by Dictamni Cortex. Liver damage was diagnosed according to the integrated evidence chain method recommended by the Guideline for Diagnosis and Treatment of Herb-Induced Liver Injury. By analyzing clinical history and biochemistry and imaging examinations, underlying diseases, such as viral hepatitis, autoimmune liver disease and alcoholic liver disease, were excluded. Through the investigation of medication history, we made it clear that the patient only took Dictamni Cortex powder during the period, and thus suspected that the liver injury was induced by Dictamni Cortex. Furthermore, the quality of the drug was tested, and the results showed it was consistent with the quality standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. DNA barcoding showed that the drug was 100% similar with Dictamnus dasycarpus. Moreover, exogenous harmful substances and chemical drug additions were tested, and the results showed that the content of heavy metal, pesticide residues and microbial toxin were consistent with the required standards, and no chemical drug additions were found in Agilent Fake TCM-Drugs database. In summary, we confirmed that the clinical case of drug-induced liver injury was induced by D. dasycarpus with the dose of 15 g•d⁻¹, which exceeded the prescribed amount of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. According to the Guideline for Diagnosis and Treatment of Herb-Induced Liver Injury, the case of drug-induced liver injury induced by D. dasycarpus was confirmed, which provided a direct and reliable evidence for the study of risk of liver injury induced by D. dasycarpus and its relevant preparations.

Repair soft-tissue defect in forefoot with reversed lateral soleus muscle flap / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize clinical application results of repair soft tissue defect in forefoot with a reversed lateral soleus muscle flap on peroneal artery pedicle.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2005 to January 2013, 8 patients with soft-tissue defect on forefoot were underwent reconstruction with a reversed lateral soleus muscle flap on peroneal artery pedicle. There were 6 males and 2 female, aged from 16 to 48 years with an average of 26.8 years old. The reversed lateral soleus muscle flap was transposed to the forefoot defect area, then immediate coverage of the muscle flaps were performed by a meshed split-thickness free skin graft. The donor site was closed directly. The muscle flap survey was observed after the repair of the forefoot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All muscle flaps had survived completely. No clinical vascular deficiency was found on muscle flaps postoperatively. One case occurred recipient area sustained insignificant superficial infection, one patient developed distal muscle flap small skin graft necrosis, and spontaneous heal by 2 weeks' change dressing. Follow-up period was ranged form 2.5 to 5.5 years with an average of 3.5 years postoperatively. A good contour was confirmed at the recipient area. According to Cedell questionnaire, 6 patients obtained good results and 2 fair.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>When the local skin flap or muscle flap application is limited, lateral soleus muscle flap survey is satisfactory after repair and very suitable for repair of soft tissue defect of forefoot.</p>

Effects of Different Concentrations and Exposure Time of Sodium Hypochlorite on the Structural, Compositional and Mechanical Properties of Human Dentin / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study evaluated the effects of sodium hypochlorite (NaOC1) with different concentrations and exposure time on the structural,compositional and mechanical properties of human dentin in vitro.Sixty dentin slabs were obtained from freshly extracted premolars,randomly distributed into four groups (n=15),and treated with 1％,5％,10％ NaOC1 and distilled water (control group),respectively,for a total of 60 min.Attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were carried out before,10 min and 60 min after the treatment.Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and flexural strength test were conducted as well.The results showed that dentins experienced morphological alterations in the NaOC1 groups,but not in the control group.Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed that the carbonate:mineral ratio (C:M),Raman relative intensity (RRI),a-axis,c-axis length and full width at half maximum (FWHM) with the increase of time and concentration in the NaOC1 groups were not significantly different from those in the control group (P＞0.05).Nevertheless,the mineral:matrix ratio (M:M) increased and the flexural strength declined with the increase of concentration and the extension of time in the NaOC1 groups (P＜0.05).Additionally,it was found that the M:M and the flexural strength remained unchanged after 1％ NaOCl treatment (P＞0.05),and the morphology changes were unnoticeable within 10 min in 1％ NaOC1 group.These results indicated that NaOC1 has no significant effects on the inorganic mineral of human dentin;but it undermines and eliminates the organic content concentration-and time-dependently,which in turn influences the flexural strength and toughness of dentins.In addition,an irrigation of 1％NaOCl within 10 min can minimize the effects of NaOC1 on the structural and mechanical properties of dentin during root canal treatment.