Improved unilateral puncture PVP based on 3D printing technology for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical effect of unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) combined with 3D printing technology for the treatment of thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fracture.@*METHODS@#A total of 77 patients with thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fractures from October 2020 to April 2022 were included in the study, all of which were vertebral body compression fractures caused by trauma. According to different treatment methods, they were divided into experimental group and control group. Thirty-two patients used 3D printing technology to improve unilateral transpedicle puncture vertebroplasty in the experimental group, there were 5 males and 27 females, aged from 63 to 91 years old with an average of (77.59±8.75) years old. Forty-five patients were treated with traditional bilateral pedicle puncture vertebroplasty, including 7 males and 38 females, aged from 60 to 88 years old with an average of(74.89±7.37) years old. Operation time, intraoperative C-arm X-ray times, anesthetic dosage, bone cement injection amount, bone cement diffusion good and good rate, complications, vertebral height, kyphotic angle (Cobb angle), visual analogue scale(VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI) and other indicators were recorded before and after surgery, and statistically analyzed.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up for 6 to 23 months, with preoperative imaging studies, confirmed for thoracolumbar osteoporosis compression fractures, two groups of patients with postoperative complications, no special two groups of patients' age, gender, body mass index (BMI), time were injured, the injured vertebral distribution had no statistical difference(P>0.05), comparable data. Two groups of patients with bone cement injection, bone cement dispersion rate, preoperative and postoperative vertebral body height, protruding after spine angle(Cobb angle), VAS, ODI had no statistical difference(P>0.05). The operative time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times and anesthetic dosage were statistically different between the two groups(P<0.05). Compared with the traditional bilateral puncture group, the modified unilateral puncture group combined with 3D printing technology had shorter operation time, fewer intraoperative fluoroscopy times and less anesthetic dosage. The height of anterior vertebral edge, kyphosis angle (Cobb angle), VAS score and ODI of the affected vertebrae were statistically different between two groups at each time point after surgery(P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#In the treatment of thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fractures, 3D printing technology is used to improve unilateral puncture PVP, which is convenient and simple, less trauma, short operation time, fewer fluoroscopy times, satisfactory distribution of bone cement, vertebral height recovery and kyphotic Angle correction, and good functional improvement.

Sucesso da punção intravenosa periférica após capacitação dos profissionais de enfermagem para o uso da transiluminação / Puncture Success after training nurses in the use of transillumination / Éxito de la punción venosa periférica después de la formación de profesionales de enfermería en el uso de la transiluminación

Objetivo: avaliar o índice de sucesso na primeira tentativa de cateterização intravenosa periférica em crianças após capacitação de profissionais de enfermagem para o uso de transiluminação. Método: estudo observacional, prospectivo, comparativo do tipo antes e depois, realizado com enfermeiros e técnicos de enfermagem que foram capacitados para a cateterização guiada pela transiluminação e observados executando 35 procedimentos antes e 35 após a capacitação, no período de novembro de 2018 a maio de 2019, após aprovação do mérito ético do protocolo de pesquisa. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva e analítica. Resultados: o índice de sucesso na primeira tentativa foi de 62,9% antes e 65,7% depois (p=0,803). Os técnicos de enfermagem executaram mais a punção antes da capacitação e os enfermeiros depois (p<0,01). Conclusão: a capacitação de profissionais para realizar a punção guiada pela transiluminação aumentou o índice de sucesso na primeira tentativa de punção intravenosa periférica, sem diferença estastiticamente significativa(AU)

Objective: to evaluate the puncture success in the first attempt in children after training nursing professionals in the use of transillumination. Method: observational, prospective, comparative before-and-after study, carried out with nurses and nursing technicians were trained for transillumination-guided catheterization and observed performing 35 procedures before and 35 after training, from November 2018 to May 2019, after approval of the ethical merit of the research. Data were analyzed descriptively and analytically. Results: success in the first attempt was 62.9% before and 65.7% after (p=0.803). Nursing technicians performed more punctures before training and nurses after (p<0.01). Conclusion: the training professionals to perform transillumination-guided puncture increased success in the first attempt at peripheral intravenous puncture, without significant statistical difference(AU)

Objetivo: evaluar la tasa de éxito en el primer intento de cateterización venosa periférica en niños después de capacitar a los profesionales de enfermería en el uso de la transiluminación. Método: estudio observacional, prospectivo, comparativo de antes y después, realizado junto a enfermeros y técnicos de enfermería capacitados para cateterización guiada por transiluminación y observados realizando 35 procedimientos antes y 35 después del entrenamiento, de noviembre de 2018 a mayo de 2019, previa aprobación del mérito ético del protocolo de la investigación. Los datos se analizaron de forma descriptiva y analítica. Resultados: la tasa de éxito en el primer intento fue del 62,9% antes y del 65,7% después (p=0,803). Los técnicos de enfermería realizaron más punciones antes del entrenamiento y los enfermeros después (p<0,01). Conclusión: la formación de profesionales para realizar la punción guiada por transiluminación aumentó la tasa de éxito en el primer intento de punción venosa periférica, sin diferencia estadística significativa(AU)

Fatores associados à punção venosa periférica difícil em adultos submetidos à quimioterapia antineoplásica / Factors associated with difficult peripheral venipuncture in adults undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy / Factores asociados a la venopunción periférica difícil en adultos sometidos a quimioterapia antineoplásica

Objetivo: identificar os fatores associados à punção venosa periférica difícil em adultos submetidos à quimioterapia antineoplásica. Método: estudo transversal, observacional, analítico e quantitativo realizado em uma Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia (UNACON) da região amazônica brasileira. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e inferencial, onde a razão de possibilidades foi calculada. Resultados: a maioria dos participantes foi do sexo feminino (64,6%), autodeclarados como pardos (51,2%). Em relação à localização do câncer, a maioria possuía a doença no aparelho digestório (46,4%) ou reprodutor (45,2%). Pacientes que tinham histórico de punção venosa difícil, veias não visíveis ou não palpáveis apresentaram mais chance de apresentar a punção venosa difícil (OR 1,6, 1,5 e 1,3, respetivamente). Conclusão: os preditores encontrados relacionados à punção venosa periférica difícil em pacientes adultos submetidos à quimioterapia antineoplásica foram: histórico de punção difícil e veias não visíveis ou não palpáveis(AU)

Objective: to identify factors associated with difficult peripheral venipuncture in adults undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy. Method: cross-sectional, observational, analytical, and quantitative study carried out in a High Complexity Oncology Unit (UNACON) in the Brazilian Amazon region. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, where the odds ratio was calculated. Results: majority of participants were female (64.6%), self-declared as brown (51.2%). Regarding the location of the cancer, the majority had the disease in the digestive (46.4%) or reproductive (45.2%) systems. Patients who had a history of difficult venipuncture, non-visible or non-palpable veins were more likely to have difficult venipuncture (OR 1.6, 1.5 and 1.3, respectively). Conclusion: found predictors related to difficult peripheral venipuncture in adult patients undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy were: history of difficult puncture and non-visible or non-palpable veins(AU)

Objetivo: identificar los factores asociados a la dificultad de la venopunción periférica en adultos sometidos a la quimioterapia antineoplásica. Método: estudio transversal, observacional, analítico y cuantitativo realizado en una Unidad de Oncología de Alta Complejidad (UNACON) en la Amazonía brasileña. Se analizaron los datos mediante estadística descriptiva e inferencial, donde se calculó el odds ratio. Resultados: la mayoría de los participantes era del sexo femenino (64,6%), se auto declaró morena (51,2%). En cuanto a la ubicación del cáncer, la mayoría tenía la enfermedad en el sistema digestivo (46,4%) o reproductivo (45,2%). Los pacientes que tenían antecedentes de venopunción difícil, venas no visibles o no palpables tenían más probabilidades de tener venopunción difícil (OR 1,6, 1,5 y 1,3, respectivamente). Conclusión: Los predictores encontrados relacionados con la punción venosa periférica difícil en pacientes adultos sometidos a quimioterapia antineoplásica fueron antecedente de punción difícil y venas no visibles o no palpables(AU)

Acupuncture for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the short-term efficacy, long-term efficacy and safety of acupuncture for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).@*METHODS@#Forty-two patients with CP/CPPS were randomly divided into an acupuncture group (21 cases, 1 case dropped off) and a sham acupuncture group (21 cases). The patients in the acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture at bilateral Zhongliao (BL 33), Huiyang (BL 35), Shenshu (BL 23) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6); the needling depth of Zhongliao (BL 33) and Huiyang (BL 35) was 60 to 80 mm, while Shenshu (BL 23) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) was directly punctured of 30 mm. The patients in the sham acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture at non-acupoints, including points 2 cm next to Shenshu (BL 23), Zhongliao (BL 33) and Huiyang (BL 35), and the midpoint of the connecting line between the spleen meridian and the kidney meridian. All the non-acupoints were treated with directly puncture of 2 to 3 mm. The needles were left for 30 min in both groups, once every other day in the first four weeks, three times a week, and twice a week in the next four weeks, totally 20 treatments. Before treatment, after treatment and in follow-up of 24 weeks after treatment completion, the National Institutes of Health-chronic prostatitis symptom index (NIH-CPSI) score and urinary flow rate were observed in both groups; the clinical efficacy and safety were evaluated.@*RESULTS@#Compared with those before treatment, the pain and discomfort scores, urination symptoms scores, quality of life scores and total scores of NIH-CPSI in both groups were reduced after treatment in the two groups (P<0.01), while each item score and total score of NIH-CPSI in the acupuncture group were reduced in follow-up (P<0.01, P<0.05). After treatment and in follow-up, each item score and total score of NIH-CPSI in the acupuncture group were lower than those in the sham acupuncture group (P<0.05, P<0.01). After treatment, the maximum and average urinary flow rates in the acupuncture group were higher than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the average urinary flow rate in the acupuncture group was higher than that in the sham acupuncture group (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 75.0% (15/20) in the acupuncture group, which was higher than 42.9% (9/21) in the sham acupuncture group (P<0.05). No significant adverse reactions were observed in the two groups, and there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture could effectively alleviate the clinical symptoms, improve quality of life, and has a sustained, safe and reliable therapeutic effect in patients with CP/CPPS.

Feasibility analysis of puncture robot technology for the application of acupuncture robot / 中国针灸

The difficulties such as how to accurately locate acupoints and safely insert needles are presented in acupuncture robot. The puncture robot with high technological similarity to acupuncture robot is getting mature, and a large number of human trials and animal experiments have been conducted for the development of puncture robot. Through comparing the similarities and differences between puncture robot and acupuncture robot in the aspects of through-skin puncture, needle insertion and needle removal, the valuable technology of puncture robot is analyzed for the development of acupuncture robot, and the crucial direction of technology migration is determined. ①Integrating the mechanical feedback and medical imaging technology and utilizing the multi-modal perception to achieve the safety of acupuncture operation. ②Emphasizing the integration of the existing designs of chest puncture robot to realize the acupuncture operation with inhalation and exhalation involved. ③Focusing on the development of relevant technology of automatic needle removal through conducting the actual scenario of treatment with acupuncture robot in patients under non-anaesthetic condition.

Epidural hydroxyethyl starch ameliorating postdural puncture headache after accidental dural puncture / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#No convincing modalities have been shown to completely prevent postdural puncture headache (PDPH) after accidental dural puncture (ADP) during obstetric epidural procedures. We aimed to evaluate the role of epidural administration of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) in preventing PDPH following ADP, regarding the prophylactic efficacy and side effects.@*METHODS@#Between January 2019 and February 2021, patients with a recognized ADP during epidural procedures for labor or cesarean delivery were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate the prophylactic strategies for the development of PDPH at a single tertiary hospital. The development of PDPH, severity and duration of headache, adverse events associated with prophylactic strategies, and hospital length of stay postpartum were reported.@*RESULTS@#A total of 105 patients experiencing ADP received a re-sited epidural catheter. For PDPH prophylaxis, 46 patients solely received epidural analgesia, 25 patients were administered epidural HES on epidural analgesia, and 34 patients received two doses of epidural HES on and after epidural analgesia, respectively. A significant difference was observed in the incidence of PDPH across the groups (epidural analgesia alone, 31 [67.4%]; HES-Epidural analgesia, ten [40.0%]; HES-Epidural analgesia-HES, five [14.7%]; P <0.001). No neurologic deficits, including paresthesias and motor deficits related to prophylactic strategies, were reported from at least 2 months to up to more than 2 years after delivery. An overall backache rate related to HES administration was 10%. The multivariable regression analysis revealed that the HES-Epidural analgesia-HES strategy was significantly associated with reduced risk of PDPH following ADP (OR = 0.030, 95% confidence interval: 0.006-0.143; P < 0.001).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The incorporated prophylactic strategy was associated with a great decrease in the risk of PDPH following obstetric ADP. This strategy consisted of re-siting an epidural catheter with continuous epidural analgesia and two doses of epidural HES, respectively, on and after epidural analgesia. The efficacy and safety profiles of this strategy have to be investigated further.

Clinical experience of REcanalisation and balloon-oriented puncture for Re-insertion of long- term dialysis catheter in nonpatent central veins / 中华肝脏病杂志

It is difficult to insert long-term dialysis catheters after severe stenosis or occlusion of the internal jugular vein and innominate vein. We used REcanalisation and balloon-oriented puncture for Re-insertion of dialysis catheter in nonpatent central veins (REBORN) in seven patients with severe central venous lesions, and all patients were inserted with long-term dialysis catheters successfully. None had severe complications such as pneumothorax, hemothorax, or pulmonary embolism during operation. All catheters functioned well after postoperative follow-up of 2 months. REBORN provides a novel approach to establish difficult dialysis pathways.

Application of different puncture techniques to inject bone cement in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To study the application of different puncture techniques to inject bone cement in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 282 patients with OVCFs treated from January 2017 to December 2019 were collected for a retrospective study. According to the surgical plan the patients were divided into group A and B, with 141 cases in each group. In group A, extreme lateral puncture was used to inject bone cement through unilateral puncture and bilateral puncture. In group B, bone cement was injected through unilateral pedicle puncture through pedicle approach. The operation status(operation time, radiation exposure time, bone cement injection volume, hospital stay) and complications were observed between two groups. Before operation and 6, 12 months after operation, the pain mediators such as serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), prostaglandin E2(PGE2), substance P(SP) were compared, bone mineral density, anatomical parameters of the injured vertebrae (height of the anterior edge of the vertebral body, height of the posterior edge of the vertebral body, Cobb angle), visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were evaluated between two groups.@*RESULTS@#There were no significant difference in operation time, radiation exposure time, hospital stay between two groups (P>0.05). The amount of bone cement injected in group A was greater than that in group B (P<0.05). The serum 5-HT, SP and PGE2 levels of group A were lower than those of group B at 12 months after operation (P<0.05). The height of anterior edge and height of the posterior edge of vertebral body in group A were greater than those of group B at 12 months after operation, Cobb angle of group A was smaller than that of group B, VAS and ODI were lower than those of group B(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in bone mineral density between two groups at 6 and 12 months postoperatively(P<0.05). There was no significant difference between two groups in postoperative complications (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Compared with unilateral puncture of the pedicle approach, unilateral puncture and bilateral cement injection technique is more conducive to the recovery of the injured vertebral anatomy and function, and do not prolong operation time, radiation exposure time, hospital stay, nor do increase the risk of nerve damage and bone cement leakage, and postoperative bone metabolism and bone mineral density are improved well, which is a safe and reliable surgical method for the treatment of OVCFs.

Design and application of a B-ultrasound-guided deep vein puncture precise positioning device / 中华危重病急救医学

Deep venipuncture catheterization is a routine and basic operation in the treatment of critically ill patients, and it is the most effective way to quickly correct the shock. Clinical B-ultrasound guided deep vein catheters can improve the success rate of puncture, but in the process of operation, the short axis needs to be replaced by the long axis. In the replacement process, the stability of the novice is insufficient, the positioning is difficult, and the operation time is too long. If only short axis puncture is used, it is impossible to know whether the current position of the puncture needle, and the puncture may be too deep and stray into the artery. The accuracy of the 45 degree angle of the injection point requires a very experienced operator. In view of the above shortcomings, doctors in the department of critical care medicine of Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine designed a B-ultrasound puncture equipment, which has obtained the National Invention Patent of China (ZL 2016 1 0571557.X). The device is composed of B-ultrasound probe fixing frame, sliding scale plate, simulation slide rule, puncture needle, sliding device. By sliding device the angle of the pinhole channel, it is conducive to the accurate positioning of the puncture target, optimizing the operation procedure, improving the puncture speed and accuracy, effectively reducing the occurrence of puncture complications, ensuring patient safety, reducing unnecessary waste of human and material resources. It can reduce the workload of medical staff and is worthy of clinical practice.

Feasibility study of arterial pressure measurement by snuff pot artery puncture / 中华危重病急救医学

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the feasibility of snuff pot arterial pressure measurement for patients undergoing routine elective surgery during anesthesia.@*METHODS@#A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted. Patients undergoing elective surgery admitted to the Handan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 1, 2020 to June 1, 2022 were enrolled. Patients who needed arterial pressure measurement for hemodynamic monitoring were randomly divided into routine radial artery puncture group and snuff pot artery puncture group with their informed consent. The patients in the routine radial artery puncture group were placed a catheter at the styloid process of the patient's radius to measure pressure. In the snuff pot artery puncture group, the snuff pot artery, that was, the radial fossa on the back of the hand (snuff box), was selected to conduct the snuff pot artery puncture and tube placement for pressure measurement. The indwelling time of arterial puncture catheter, arterial blood pressure, and complications of puncture catheterization of patients in the two groups were observed. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the relevant factors that affect the outcome of arterial catheterization.@*RESULTS@#Finally, a total of 252 patients were enrolled, of which 130 patients received routine radial artery puncture and 122 patients received snuff pot artery puncture. There was no statistically significant difference in general information such as gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and surgical type of patients between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the indwelling time of artery puncture catheter between the routine radial artery puncture group and the snuff pot artery puncture group (minutes: 3.4±0.3 vs. 3.6±0.3, P > 0.05). The systolic blood pressure (SBP) and the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) measured in the snuff pot artery puncture group were significantly higher than those in the conventional radial artery puncture group [SBP (mmHg, 1 mmHg ≈ 0.133 kPa): 162.3±14.3 vs. 156.6±12.5, DBP (mmHg): 85.3±12.6 vs. 82.9±11.3, both P < 0.05]. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications such as arterial spasm, arterial occlusion, and pseudoaneurysm formation between the two groups. However, the incidence of hematoma formation in the snuff pot artery puncture group was significantly lower than that in the conventional radial artery puncture group (2.5% vs. 4.6%, P < 0.05). Based on the difficulty of arterial puncture, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender [odds ratio (OR) = 0.643, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.525-0.967], age (OR = 2.481, 95%CI was 1.442-4.268) and BMI (OR = 0.786, 95%CI was 0.570-0.825) were related factors that affect the outcome of arterial catheterization during anesthesia in patients undergoing elective surgery (all P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Catheterization through the snuff pot artery can be a new and feasible alternative to conventional arterial pressure measurement.

Research Progress in Adjacent Anatomical Structure and Location of Cricothyroid Membrane / 中国医学科学院学报

Cricothyroid membrane puncture and incision,the key techniques to save the lives of the patients in the Can't Intubate,Can't Oxygenate (CICO) emergency,need to be mastered by all the airway management staff.However,the decision to carry out cricothyroid membrane puncture or incision is often delayed due to the unfamiliarity with the adjacent anatomical structure of the cricothyroid membrane and the inability to accurately locate the cricothyroid membrane.As a result,serious complications and rescue failure occur.Therefore,airway management staff should be familiar with the adjacent structure and positioning methods of the cricothyroid membrane,so as to improve the success rate of emergency airway rescue,reduce complications,and protect the airway and life safety of the patients.

Gestión del capital venoso de los recién nacidos hospitalizados: catéter de línea media (CM) con técnica adaptada. Servicio de Neonatología, Hospital Público de Chile / Venous capital management of hospitalized newborns: midline catheter (MC) with adapted technique. Neonatology Service, Chilean public hospital

INTRODUCCIÓN: El catéter midline o de línea media (CM) es un dispositivo de acceso vascular que mide de 6 a 20cm, con la punta del dispositivo ubicado en venas basílica, braquial o cefálica debajo del pliegue axilar. El catéter de línea media se caracteriza por ser un acceso confiable y proporcionar menores complicaciones que un catéter intravenoso periférico corto. Este tipo de dispositivo vascular se ha utilizado ampliamente en adultos, pero faltan estudios desarrollados en el área neonatal. OBJETIVO: fue describir las características de la utilización de catéter midline con técnica adaptada en recién nacidos hospitalizados con necesidad de terapia intravascular en un hospital público de Chile, durante 2 años de seguimiento. METODOLOGÍA: Investigación descriptiva y retrospectiva, estuvo orientada a la identificación de las variables relacionadas a: tiempo de permanencia, características de la terapia intravascular, sitio de inserción, complicaciones y causa de retiro. RESULTADOS: La muestra estuvo conformada por 163 usuarios entre 24 y 41 semanas de edad gestacional, peso de nacimiento en un rango de 500 y 4880 gramos. El 87,7% se retiró por término de tratamiento intravascular, mientras que el 12,3% del total de los CM presentó complicaciones. El promedio de rendimiento del CM fue de 7,99 días, el sitio de inserción más frecuente correspondió a extremidad superior derecha, mientras que su utilización estuvo dada principalmente para fleboterapia, antibióticos y nutrición parenteral periférica. CONCLUSIÓN: Se concluye que el CM con técnica adaptada en usuarios neonatales presenta una alta tasa de éxito para completar la terapia intravascular periférica y bajo porcentaje de complicaciones.

INTRODUCTION: The midline catheter (MC) is a vascular access device measuring 6 to 20cm, with the tip of the device located in the basilic, brachial or cephalic veins below the axillary crease. The midline catheter is characterized as a reliable access and provides fewer complications than a short peripheral intravenous catheter. This type of vascular device has been widely used in adults, but studies developed in the neonatal area are lacking. OBJECTIVE: to describe the characteristics of the use of midline catheter with adapted technique in hospitalized newborns in need of intravascular therapy in a public hospital in Chile, during 2 years of follow-up. METHODOLOGY: Descriptive and retrospective research was oriented to the identification of variables related to: length of stay, characteristics of intravascular therapy, site of insertion, complications and cause of withdrawal. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 163 users between 24 and 41 weeks of gestational age, birth weight in the range of 500 and 4880 grams. Eighty-seven point seven percent were withdrawn due to the end of intravascular treatment, while 12.3% of the total MC presented complications. The average MC performance was 7.99 days, the most frequent insertion site corresponded to the right upper extremity, while its use was mainly for phlebotherapy, antibiotics and peripheral parenteral parenteral nutrition. CONCLUSION: The MC with adapted technique in neonatal users presents a high success rate to complete peripheral intravascular therapy and a low percentage of complications.

Aplicación de árnica en gel para el manejo del dolor y reabsorción del hematoma profundo / Application of arnica gel for pain management and deep hematoma reabsorption

Árnica es una planta medicinal de la especie Arnica montana, endémica en Europa Central y Meridional, perteneciente a la familia Asteracae; rica en flavonoides y compuestos fenólicos, lactonas, helenalina y ácido hexurónico que le dan propiedades cicatrizantes, antiinflamatorias, analgésicas, antimicrobianas y anticoagulantes. Se utiliza en casos de contusiones, dolores musculares, reumáticos y hematomas profundos. El artículo describe ocho casos, que presentaron hematoma profundo por punción infructuosa, en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica terminal con esquema de hemodiálisis, donde se aplicó árnica en gel. Por medio de fotografías se registró cómo los hematomas revirtieron a partir del tercer día, mientras que el dolor disminuyó en un 50% al tercer día. (AU)

Arnica is a medicinal plant of the species Arnica Montana, endemic in Central and Southern Europe, it belongs to the Asteracae family, rich in flavonoids and phenolic compounds, lactones, helenalin and hexuronic acid that give it healing, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial and anticoagulant properties. It is used in cases of bruises, muscle pain, rheumatic pain and deep bruises. The article describes eight patients with terminal chronic renal failure under hemodialysis, who presented deep hematoma due to unsuccessful puncture of their dialysis fistula. All patients were treated with local gel arnica. Verbal analogue scale (VAS) and qualitative visual image analysis (photography) on how the hematomas reverted on the third day was analyzed. (AU)

Rol de la dosificación de tiroglobulina en el líquido de lavado de la punción por aguja fina para el diagnóstico de metástasis ganglionares en el seguimiento de cáncer de tiroides en el Hospital de Clínicas de Montevideo, Uruguay / The role of thyroglobulin detection in washout fluid from fine-needle aspiration biopsies to diagnose gland metastases in thyroid cancer follow up / Rol de dosificação de tiroglobulina no líquido de lavado da punção por agulha fina para o diagnóstico de metástases ganglionares no seguimento de câncer de tiroides

La recurrencia del cáncer diferenciado de tiroides (CDT) a nivel del cuello ocurre en 5%-20% de los casos. El estudio citológico mediante punción de adenopatías ha sido utilizado para confirmar los hallazgos ecográficos sospechosos de malignidad, su sensibilidad varía entre 75%-85%. El objetivo del estudio es evaluar la utilidad de la tiroglobulina (Tg) medida en la punción por aspiración de aguja fina (PAAF) (Tg-PAAF), en el diagnóstico de metástasis ganglionares de pacientes en seguimiento por CDT mayores de 18 años. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo y observacional en una muestra de 14 pacientes predominantemente de sexo femenino (71,4%), con edad promedio 40,9 ± 2,9 años. Resultados: la variante CDT unifocal fue la más frecuente. De los 22 ganglios sospechosos la mitad tuvieron Tg-PAAF ≥ 1 ng/ml. Todas las adenitis reactivas tuvieron un resultado < 1 ng/ml, en cambio las adenopatías metastásicas obtuvieron un resultado ≥ 1 ng/ml. El 85,7% de pacientes tuvieron anticuerpos anti-Tg ≥10 UI/ml (5 pacientes con valores de Tg-PAAF ≥1 ng/ml y siete pacientes con Tg-PAAF < 1 ng/ml) y 14,3% tuvieron valores < 10 UI/ml (todos con Tg-PAAF <1 ng/ml). Se realizaron cuatro vaciamientos ganglionares, en todas se encontró metástasis de CDT. Conclusiones: la Tg-PAAF es un buen estudio para el diagnóstico de metástasis ganglionares en pacientes en seguimiento de CDT. Dado los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo, apoyado en la búsqueda bibliográfica, el uso de la Tg-PAAF tiene un gran valor diagnóstico para detectar metástasis ganglionares en el seguimiento del CDT por lo que se recomienda su uso junto con la citología y/o la anatomía patológica.

Recurrence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in the cervix is 5-20% of cases. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of adenopathies has been used to confirm ultrasound findings when suspicions of being malignant. The study aims to evaluate usefulness of fine-needle aspiration of lymph gland to diagnose gland metastases in patients over 18 years old under papillary thyroid cancer follow-up. Retrospective, descriptive and observational study in a 14-patient-sample, mainly female (71,4%), with an average age of 40.9 ± 2.9 years old. Results: single tumor focus papillary thyroid cancer was the most common type of thyroid cancer found. 50% of the 22 suspicious glands had FNATg ≥1ng/ml. All reactive adenitis had measurements < 1ng/ml, whereas metastatic adenopathies results were ≥ 1ng/ml. 85.7% of patients had anti-TG Ac ≥ 1ng/ml (5 patients with FNATg values ≥1ng/ml and 7 patients with FNATg < 1ng/ml), 14.3% of which obtained results < 10 UI/ml (all of them with FN1 ng/ml). Gland emptying was performed in 4 cases, and papillary thyroid cancer metastases was found in all of them. Conclusions: FNATg is a good study to diagnose gland metastases in patients under differentiated thyroid cancer follow-up. Given the results of this study, supported by a bibliographic search, the use of FNATg has a great diagnostic value to detect gland metastases in the follow up of differentiated thyroid cancer, and thus it is recommended along with cytological and/or pathology studies.

A recorrência do câncer diferenciado de tiroides (CDT) no nível do pescoço, ocorre em 5-20% dos casos. O estudo citológico mediante punção de linfadenopatia foi utilizado para confirmar os achados ecográficos suspeitos de malignidade; sua sensibilidade varia entre 75-85%. O objetivo do estudo era avaliar a utilização da tiroglobulina (Tg) medida na punção por aspiração por agulha fina (PAAF) (Tg-PAAF), no diagnóstico de metástase ganglionar de pacientes em seguimento por CDT maiores de 18 anos. Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo, descritivo e observacional em uma amostra de 14 pacientes predominantemente de sexo feminino (71,4%), com idade média de 40,9 ± 2,9 anos. Resultados: a variante CPT unifocal foi a mais frequente. Dos 22 linfonodos suspeitos, a metade apresentou Tg-PAAF ≥ 1ng/ml. Todas as adenites reativas apresentaram um resultado < 1ng/ml, no entanto as linfadenopatias metastásicas tiveram um resultado ≥ 1ng/ml. 85,7% dos pacientes apresentam Ac anti-Tg ≥10 UI/ml (5 pacientes com valores de Tg-PAAF ≥1ng/ml e 7 pacientes com Tg-PAAF < 1ng/ml) e 14,3% valores < 10 UI/ml (todos com Tg-PAAF <1 ng/ml). Foram feitos 4 esvaziamentos ganglionares, em todos foram encontradas metástases da CPT. Conclusões: o Tg-PAAF é um bom método para o diagnóstico de metástase ganglionar em pacientes em seguimento de CDT. Considerando os resultados obtidos neste trabalho, apoiado na bibliografia, o uso do Tg-PAAF tem um grande valor diagnóstico para detectar metástase ganglionar no seguimento do CDT; por essa razão recomenda-se seu uso junto com a citologia e/ou anatomia patológica.

Estrategias no farmacológicas como adyuvantes para manejo del dolor agudo por punción en pediatría / Non-pharmacological strategies as adjuvants in needle associated acute pain management in pediatrics

El dolor en pediatría es un problema de salud pública que afecta al 78 % de pacientes hospitalizados y está frecuentemente asociado a punciones, por lo que es necesario un control rápido y efectivo. Existen en la actualidad estrategias psicológicas y físicas de estimulación sensorial para abordarlo. Se pretende describir el uso de estas como coadyuvantes en el manejo del dolor agudo por punción en pediatría. Se realizó una revisión narrativa de artículos originales y revisiones bibliográficas. El mecanismo del dolor involucra a las fibras C y a las fibras Aδ, que responden al dolor por punción. Entre las estrategias innovadoras se encuentra el dispositivo Buzzy®, que actúa mediante la teoría de compuerta del dolor, desviando la atención del dolor hacia un estímulo sensorial placentero (frío y vibración) que disminuye la intensidad en comparación con anestésicos locales (p < 0,001); así mismo, la realidad virtual desvía la atención del niño hacia un estímulo placentero, visual o auditivo, creando un ambiente tridimensional y produciendo analgesia por distracción en comparación al control (p < 0,05). El uso de estrategias no farmacológicas como coadyuvantes para el manejo de dolor por punción son efectivas para disminuir el dolor en el paciente pediátrico, así como el estrés y la ansiedad, tanto en los padres como en el personal de salud

Pediatric pain is a public healthcare problem present in 78 % of hospitalized patients and it is frequently associated to needles. Fast and effective controls are needed, therefore, sensory stimulation and psychological strategies have been developed. The aim of this study was to describe the use of non-pharmacological strategies as adjuvants in needle associated children pain management. A review was made searching through original articles and other reviews. Pain mechanism involves C fibers and Aδ fibers, which respond to short term needle pain. Buzzy® device is among the innovative physical strategies to relieve pain, which acts according to the pain threshold theory, diverting attention from pain to a pleasurable sensory stimulus (cold and vibration) decreasing its intensity when compared to topical anesthesia (p < 0,001). Meanwhile psychological strategies such as virtual reality divert the child's attention to a pleasant visual and auditory stimulus. It creates a tridimensional environment with an electronic device, decreasing pain while distracting the child when compared to the control group (p < 0,05). The use of innovative non-pharmacological strategies as adjuvants for needle pain management is effective decreasing children pain and reducing stress and anxiety in parents and healthcare workers

Uso da realidade virtual durante a punção venosa em crianças hospitalizadas: estudo descritivo / Use of virtual reality during venipuncture procedures in hospitalized children: a descriptive study / Uso de realidad virtual durante la venopunción en niños hospitalizados: estudio descriptivo

OBJETIVO: Descrever o uso da realidade virtual durante a punção venosa em crianças hospitalizadas. MÉTODO: Estudo descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado por meio de observação da punção venosa em crianças em uso de óculos de realidade virtual, em uma unidade de internação pediátrica de um hospital da região noroeste do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados no período de agosto a setembro de 2019. RESULTADOS: Foram observadas 16 crianças com idades entre quatro e oito anos que receberam o procedimento concomitante ao uso dos óculos. Os escores de dor foram predominantemente leves em ambas as faixas etárias e o comportamento psicotomotor mais evidenciado foi um desconforto pequeno. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo demonstrou que as punções realizadas com o uso da realidade virtual apresentaram escores de dor leves e no tangente ao manejo da dor, seu uso pode ser uma alternativa benéfica dentro da assistência pediátrica na realização de procedimentos dolorosos.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of Virtual Reality during venipuncture procedures in hospitalized children. METHOD: A descriptive study with a quantitative approach, carried out through observation of venipuncture procedures in children using Virtual Reality glasses at a pediatric inpatient unit of a hospital in the Northwest region of Paraná. The data were collected from August to September 2019. RESULTS: A total of 16 children were observed, aged between four and eight years old and who were subjected to the procedure along with use of the glasses. The pain scores were predominantly mild in both age groups and the most evident psychomotor behavior was minor discomfort. CONCLUSION: The study showed that the punctures performed using Virtual Reality presented mild pain scores and that, in terms of pain management, its use can be a beneficial alternative within pediatric care in the performance of painful procedures.

OBJETIVO: Describir el uso de la realidad virtual durante la venopunción en niños hospitalizados. MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo, con enfoque cuantitativo, realizado mediante la observación de la venopunción en niños que usaban lentes de realidad virtual, en una unidad de hospitalización pediátrica de un hospital en la región noroeste de Paraná. Los datos se recolectaron de agosto a septiembre de 2019. RESULTADOS: se observaron 16 niños de cuatro a ocho años que recibieron el procedimiento concomitantemente con el uso de lentes. En ambas franjas etarias predominaron los puntajes de dolor leves y el comportamiento psicomotor más evidente fue el malestar leve. CONCLUSIÓN: El estudio demostró que las punciones realizadas durante el uso de realidad virtual presentaron puntajes de dolor leve y en lo que respecta al manejo del dolor, su uso puede ser una alternativa beneficiosa dentro de la atención pediátrica en la realización de procedimientos dolorosos.

Abdominal puncture drainage alleviates severe acute pancreatitis in rats by activating Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway and promoting autophagy / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the effect of early abdominal puncture drainage (APD) on autophagy and Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and explore the possibile mechanism.@*METHODS@#Thirty-two male SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operated (SO) group, SAP group with retrograde injection of 4% sodium taurocholate, APD group with insertion of a drainage tube into the lower right abdomen after SAP induction, and APD + ZnPP group with intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg/kg ZnPP 12 h before APD modeling. Blood samples were collected from the rats 12 h after modeling for analysis of amylase and lipase levels and serum inflammatory factors. The pathological changes of the pancreatic tissue were observed with HE staining. Oxidative stress in the pancreatic tissue was detected with colorimetry, and sub-organelle structure and autophagy in pancreatic acinar cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The expressions of autophagy-related proteins and Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway were detected using RT-PCR and Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#Compared with those in SAP group, the rats with APD treatment showed significantly alleviated pathologies in the pancreas, reduced serum levels of lipase, amylase and inflammatory factors, lowered levels of oxidative stress, and activated expressions of Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway in the pancreas. The ameliorating effect of ADP was significantly inhibited by ZnPP treatment before modeling. APD obviously reversed mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum damages and p62 accumulation induced by SAP.@*CONCLUSION@#APD treatment can suppress oxidative stress and repair impaired autophagy in rats with SAP by activating the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway, thereby reducing the severity of SAP.

A method of lung puncture path planning based on multi-level constraint / 生物医学工程学杂志

Percutaneous pulmonary puncture guided by computed tomography (CT) is one of the most effective tools for obtaining lung tissue and diagnosing lung cancer. Path planning is an important procedure to avoid puncture complications and reduce patient pain and puncture mortality. In this work, a path planning method for lung puncture is proposed based on multi-level constraints. A digital model of the chest is firstly established using patient's CT image. A Fibonacci lattice sampling is secondly conducted on an ideal sphere centered on the tumor lesion in order to obtain a set of candidate paths. Finally, by considering clinical puncture guidelines, an optimal path can be obtained by a proposed multi-level constraint strategy, which is combined with oriented bounding box tree (OBBTree) algorithm and Pareto optimization algorithm. Results of simulation experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method, which has good performance for avoiding physical and physiological barriers. Hence, the method could be used as an aid for physicians to select the puncture path.

Construção de um bundle para alívio da dor na punção arterial norteado pela Tradução do Conhecimento / Elaboración de un paquete de atención para aliviar el dolor en la punción arterial guiado por Traducción del conocimiento / Elaboration of a bundle for pain relief in arterial puncture guided by Knowledge Translation

RESUMO Objetivo descrever o processo de construção e estratégias de implementação de um bundle para alívio da dor durante a punção arterial do bebê hospitalizado. Métodos estudo de abordagem qualitativa feito em uma unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal, por meio de rodas de conversa realizadas com a equipe de enfermagem. A coleta dos dados ocorreu de fevereiro a maio de 2019. Resultados os encontros levaram à construção de um bundle composto por quatro itens, formatado ludicamente e que deveria ser anexado à incubadora, previamente à realização da punção. Conclusões e Implicações para a prática o processo estimulou a reflexão crítica acerca da própria prática e os profissionais referiram ao uso do bundle como algo possível dentro da unidade, mediante um planejamento para sua inclusão na rotina assistencial. O estudo é pioneiro e apresenta caráter de inovação ao utilizar o bundle para aliviar algo multifacetado como a dor no período neonatal. Apesar de ser algo criado especificamente para a punção arterial, o mesmo pode ser aplicado em demais procedimentos que potencialmente geram dor aguda, uma vez que o foco principal é sempre minimizar o desconforto sentido pelo bebê.

RESUMEN Objetivo describir el proceso de elaboración y las estrategias de implementación de un paquete de atención para aliviar el dolor durante la punción arterial de bebés internados. Métodos estudio de enfoque cualitativo realizado en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales a través de rondas de conversación realizadas con el equipo de Enfermería. La recolección de datos tuvo lugar de febrero a mayo de 2019. Resultados las reuniones derivaron en la elaboración de un paquete de atención que consta de cuatro elementos, formateados en forma lúdica y que deben adjuntarse a la incubadora antes de la punción. Conclusiones e Implicaciones para la práctica El proceso estimuló la reflexión crítica sobre la propia práctica y los profesionales mencionaron el uso del paquete de atención como algo viable dentro de la unidad, a través de la planificación para su inclusión en la rutina de atención. El estudio es pionero y presenta un carácter innovador al utilizar el paquete de atención para aliviar algo multifacético como el dolor en el período neonatal. A pesar de haber sido creado específicamente para la punción arterial, también puede aplicarse en otros procedimientos con potencial para generar dolor agudo, ya que el enfoque principal siempre es minimizar las molestias que siente el bebé.

ABSTRACT Objective to describe the elaboration process and implementation strategies of a bundle for pain relief during arterial puncture in hospitalized infants. Methods a qualitative approach study carried out in a neonatal intensive care unit, through conversation circles held with the Nursing team. Data collection took place from February to May 2019. Results the meetings led to the elaboration of a bundle consisting of four items, in a playful format, and which should be attached to the incubator prior to the puncture. Conclusion and Implications for the practice The process stimulated critical reflection about the practice itself and the professionals mentioned use of the bundle as something feasible within the unit, through planning for its inclusion in the care routine. The study is pioneering and presents an innovative character when using the bundle to relieve a multifaceted issue such as pain in the neonatal period. Despite having been specifically created for arterial puncture, it can also be applied in other procedures that potentially generate acute pain, as the main focus is always to minimize the discomfort felt by the infant.

Custo do desperdício de materiais: punção venosa periférica e banho no leito / Costo del desperdicio de materiales: venopunción periférica y baño en cama / The cost of medical supply waste: peripheral venipuncture and bed baths

Resumo Objetivo Mensurar o custo dos materiais desperdiçados em dois procedimentos de enfermagem; identificar o desperdício como evitável e não evitável; classificar esses materiais de acordo com a classificação ABC e estimar o custo anual com o desperdício desses materiais. Métodos Estudo quantitativo, exploratório-descritivo, do tipo estudo de caso único. Os dados foram coletados de março de 2016 a fevereiro de 2017 em duas unidades de um Hospital Universitário na cidade de São Paulo. Fizeram parte da amostra os procedimentos de enfermagem: Punção Venosa Periférica e Banho no Leito. O desperdício de materiais foi calculado pela soma do custo de cada item de material desperdiçado. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente quanto às frequências absolutas e relativas, por média e desvio padrão. Resultados O total com desperdício de materiais na Punção venosa periférica foi R$ 27,20 (US$ 7.31), sendo o custo "evitável" de R$ 3,50 (US$ 0.94) e R$ 23,70 (US$ 6.37) para o "não evitável". O total com desperdício de materiais no Banho no leito foi R$ 214,63 (US$ 57.73), sendo o custo de R$ 149,59 (US$ 40.24) para os materiais com classificação "evitável" e R$ 65,04 (US$ 17.49) para os "não evitável". A maioria dos materiais desperdiçados, acima de 70%, foram da classe A nos dois procedimentos. A projeção do custo anual com desperdício de materiais foi R$ 83.858,53 (US$ 22,557.94). Conclusão O desperdício de materiais mostrou comportamento distinto nos procedimentos observados, sinalizando a necessidade de serem identificados, analisados e calculados para que os enfermeiros tomem decisões com eficiência.

Resumen Objetivo Medir el costo de los materiales desperdiciados en dos procedimientos de enfermería, identificar el desperdicio evitable y no evitable, clasificar esos materiales de acuerdo con la clasificación ABC y estimar el costo anual del desperdicio de esos materiales. Métodos Estudio cuantitativo, exploratorio-descriptivo, tipo estudio de caso único. Los datos fueron recopilados de marzo de 2016 a febrero de 2017 en dos unidades de un hospital universitario en la ciudad de São Paulo. Los procedimientos de enfermería que formaron parte de la muestra fueron: venopunción periférica y baño en cama, El desperdicio de materiales fue calculado por la suma del costo de cada ítem de material desperdiciado. Los datos fueron analizados descriptivamente con relación a las frecuencias absolutas y relativas por promedio y desviación típica. Resultados El total del desperdicio de materiales en la venopunción periférica fue de R$ 27,20 (USD 7,31), del cual el costo "evitable" fue de R$ 3,50 (USD 6,37) y el "no evitable" de R$ 23,70 (USD 6,37). El total del desperdicio de materiales en el baño en cama fue de R$ 214,63 (USD 57,73), del cual el costo de R$ 149,59 (USD 40,24) fue de material clasificado como "evitable" y R$ 65,04 (USD 17,49) de "no evitable". La mayoría del material desperdiciado, más del 70 %, fue de clase A en los dos procedimientos. La proyección del costo anual del desperdicio de materiales fue de R$ 83.858,53 (USD 22.557,94). Conclusión El desperdicio de materiales mostró diferentes comportamientos en los procedimientos observados, lo que indicó la necesidad de que sean identificados, analizados y calculados para que los enfermeros tomen decisiones con eficiencia.

Abstract Objective To measure the costs of medical supply waste in two nursing procedures; to define waste into avoidable and unavoidable; to classify these materials according to the ABC classification and estimate the annual cost of these types of medical supply waste. Methods This was a quantitative, exploratory-descriptive single case study. Data were collected between March 2016 and February 2017 in two units of a university hospital in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The following nursing procedures composed the sample: peripheral venipuncture and bed baths. Medical supply waste was calculated as the sum of the cost of each item of wasted materials. The data were analyzed descriptively in terms of absolute and relative frequencies, average, and standard deviation. Result The total of medical supply waste of peripheral venipuncture was R$ 27.20 (US$ 7.31) of which R$ 3.50 (US$ 0.94) were "avoidable", R$ 23.70 (US$ 6.37), "unavoidable". The total volume of waste for bed baths was R$ 214,63 (US$ 57.73), of which R$ 149.59 (US$ 40.24) were "avoidable" and R$ 65.04 (US$ 17.49) "unavoidable". More than 70% of the wasted supplies were class A materials in both procedures. The projected annual cost of medical supply waste was R$ 83,858.53 (US$ 22,557.94). Conclusion Medical supply waste presented a distinct behavior in the observed procedures, which points to the need for it to be identified, analyzed and calculated for nurses to make decisions efficiently.