Feasibility and safety of a new portable endoscopic system for the diagnosis and treatment of abdominal trauma in animal models / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective:To compare the feasibility and safety of a new portable endoscopic system and the conventional endoscopic system for the detection and emergency treatment of abdominal trauma in animal models.Methods:Three healthy Bama pigs, which were fasted and water deprivation for 8 h before surgery and then underwent induction anesthesia. A layer-by-layer incision was made into the abdominal cavity of Bama pigs. An artificial pneumoperitoneum was established using a laparoscopic pneumoperitoneum machine. A bullet model was inserted into the abdominal cavity to build the bullet wound model. After the bullet model was removed, a shrapnel model was inserted into the mid-abdomen to build the shrapnel wound model. The two types of endoscopic system were used to detect, remove bullet model or shrapnel model of the three Bama pigs respectively. The procedure order of the two systems was assigned according to the random number table method. The surgical success, operation time, endoscopy pipeline patency, endoscopic operation satisfaction, adverse events and equipment defects were recorded.Results:Three surgeries were performed using the new portable endoscopic system and three other surgeries using the conventional endoscopic system, all of which were successful. The time of the new portable endoscopic system to find and remove the bullet model, and the shrapnel model were 232.33±11.68 s, 300.33±57.70 s, 170.00±44.44 s and 52.67±2.52 s, respectively. The corresponding time of the conventional endoscopic system were 232.67±21.20 s ( t=-0.054, P=0.962), 256.67±67.00 s ( t=0.880, P=0.472), 176.00±52.42 s ( t=-0.111, P=0.922), 58.67±14.84 s ( t=-0.832, P=0.493), respectively. There was no significant difference between the two systems ( P>0.05). The endoscopy tubes of the two endoscopic systems were both smooth. The operator was satisfied with the endoscopic procedures of both endoscopic systems, and no adverse event or device defect occurred. Conclusion:The portable endoscopic system proves to be safe and feasible for the diagnosis and treatment of abdominal trauma in animal models.

Portable Electrochemical Sensor for Sensitive Detection of Azo Dyes Sunset Yellow and Tartrazine / 分析化学

A polymethionine(p-Met)-modified laser-induced graphene(LIG)electrode was constructed and integrated with portable electrochemical workstations and handheld computer to achieve on-site,simultaneous detection of azo dyes sunset yellow(SY)and tartrazine(Tz)in environmental water.Firstly,the sensor interface with the best electrical conductivity was obtained by optimizing the laser processing parameters,and then the electrochemical responses of SY and Tz were improved by electropolymerization of methionine on the surface of LIG.Finally,a portable electrochemical sensor platform was built by connecting p-Met/LIG,a small electrochemical workstation and a handheld computer application program.Differential pulse voltammetry(DPV)was used to determine these two dyes.SY showed a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 0.2-20 μmol/L and 20-100 μmol/L,the detection limit was as low as 0.001 μmol/L.Tz showed a good linear relationship in concentration range of 0.3-40 μmol/L and 40-100 μmol/L,and the detection limits was as low as 0.005 μmol/L.p-Met/LIG also had excellent anti-interference performance and reproducibility.The portable electrochemical platform was applied to real-time detection of real water samples,and the results showed that the platform was expected to be applied in field detection of SY and Tz in real environmental water bodies.

A Precise and Portable Detection System for Infectious Pathogens Based on CRISPR/Cas Technology / 分析化学

Nucleic acid-based molecular diagnostic methods are considered the gold standard for detecting infectious pathogens.However,when applied to portable or on-site rapid diagnostics,they still face various limitations and challenges,such as poor specificity,cumbersome operation,and portability difficulties.The CRISPR(Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/CRISPR-associated protein(Cas)-fluorescence detection method holds the potential to significantly enhance the specificity and signal-to-noise ratio of nucleic acid detection.In this study,we developed a portable grayscale reader detection system based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP)-CRISPR/Cas.On one hand,in the presence of CRISPR RNA(crRNA),the CRISPR/Cas12a system was employed to achieve precise fluorescent detection of self-designed LAMP amplification reactions for influenza A and influenza B viruses.This further validated the high selectivity and versatility of the CRISPR/Cas system.On the other hand,the accompanying independently developed portable grayscale reader allowed for low-cost collection of fluorescence signals and high-reliability visual interpretation.At the end of the detection process,it directly provided positive or negative results.Practical sample analyses using this detection system have verified its reliability and utility,demonstrating that this system can achieve highly sensitive and highly specific portable analysis of influenza viruses.

Design and simulation of a UAV with portable folding wings for search and rescue / 军事医学

Objective To design a search and rescue UAV that is portable and user-friendly in order to meet the needs of rescue personnel on the battlefield.Methods Three-dimensional design software CATIA was used to complete the structural design of the UAV body.In order to make full use of the internal space of the UAV body,folding wings were adopted to reduce the volume of the UAV.By using ABAQUS,the finite elements of the key parts of the UAV were analyzed before the modal analysis of the whole vehicle was conducted to verify the reliability of the structure.The robot simulation software Webots was used for motion simulation of the UAV.Results Simulation analysis and test verification suggested that the structural design of the UAV was well-grounded.It could be quickly and properly deployed by means of hand launch or barrels,which made it easier for rescuers to use the UAV.Conclusion The design and simulation research of UAVs with portable folding wings for search and rescue is of great significance for the research and development of physical prototypes.This study is expected to stimulate new ideas for the development of rescue equipment in the PLA,and contribute to miniaturization of UAVs.

Application and Prospect of Pre-transfusion Detection Technology / 生物化学与生物物理进展

Blood transfusion accuracy is crucial for disease treatment and emergency rescue. Prior to a blood transfusion, it is essential to perform a number of tests to assure proper clinical treatment and reduce the risk of complications. Pre-transfusion testing refers primarily to the blood group, coagulation, and infection to assure transfusion safety and prevent cross-infection. Blood type, cross-matching blood, fibrinogen, viral hepatitis, human immunodeficiency virus, and syphilis are routine pre-transfusion tests. Immunoassay is the traditional clinical pretransfusion detection method. With the expansion of clinical treatment requirements from hospital to on-site treatment, new technologies, such as electrochemical sensing, microfluidics, and spectroscopy technology, are being developed gradually for rapid detection prior to blood transfusion. The development of technologies including colloidal gold immunity and biochips has facilitated the shift from large-scale laboratory equipment to portable testing for pre-transfusion screening. Further, the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies such as machine learning, biometric technology, and computer vision has contributed to the advancement of intelligent pre-transfusion testing. This article reviews the various application scenarios, benefits, and drawbacks of different pre-transfusion detection technologies, analyzes the application of a series of new technologies in pre-transfusion detection and its future development trend, and provides a reference for promoting the development of pre-transfusion detection and even rapid disease marker detection.

Two Cases of Insomnia Using the Kampo Medicine in which the Therapeutic Effect was Confirmed by Sleep test / 日本東洋医学雑誌

We report two cases in which insomnia successfully treated with sansoninto alone or in combination and the effectiveness could be objectively evaluated with the portable sleep test. Case 1 was 40-year-old man who had suffered from arousal during sleep and daytime fatigue for several years. After taking sansoninto with ninjinto, his symptoms improved. Case 2 was 60-year-old woman who had suffered from a lack of deep sleep and daytime sleepiness. After taking sansoninto, she could get a deep sleep and could have less daytime sleepiness. In this report, we present that portable sleep test conducted before and after treatment confirmed that sleep quality improved. Sansoninto is one of the curative medicines for insomnia, but we believe this is the first report showing objective therapeutic effects using portable sleep test.

Comparison of refractometric measurements obtained with a portable autorefractor and conventional methods of refraction in schoolchildren / Comparação de medidas refratométricas obtidas com autorrefrator portátil e métodos convencionais de refração em escolares

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the performance of a portable autorefractor as refractor and screening tool for refractive errors in schoolchildren. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study. Refractometric measurements of children between 5 and 10 years old were obtained through four methods: 2WIN under non-cycloplegic conditions, and 2WIN, conventional autorefractor, and retinoscopy, under cycloplegic conditions. Correlations and agreement between the methods and accuracy of the portable autorefractor to define whether to prescribe glasses were assessed. Results: The mean age ± standard deviation was 6.87 ± 1.42 years. The portable autorefractor without cycloplegia showed a high correlation with retinoscopy (0.77) but tended to underestimate hyperopia and overestimate high astigmatism. Regarding screening for prescription of glasses in comparison with the reference method "retinoscopy," the sensitivity of the portable autorefractor without cycloplegia was calculated to be 100,00% and the specificity, 34.3%. Conclusion: The portable autorefractor should be used as a screening tool and, when prescribing glasses, the tendency of underestimating hyperopia and overestimating high astigmatism should be kept in mind.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o desempenho de um autorrefrator portátil como refrator e ferramenta de triagem para erros de refração em crianças em idade escolar. Métodos: Estudo observacional transversal. As medidas refratométricas de crianças de 5 a 10 anos foram obtidas por meio de quatro métodos: 2WIN em condições não cicloplégicas e 2WIN, autorrefrator convencional e retinoscopia, em condições cicloplégicas. Foram avaliadas as correlações e a concordância entre os métodos e a acurácia do autorrefrator portátil para definir a prescrição de óculos. Resultados: A média de idade ± desvio-padrão foi de 6,87 ± 1,42 anos. O autorrefrator portátil sem cicloplegia apresentou alta correlação com a retinoscopia (0,77), mas tendeu a subestimar a hipermetropia e a superestimar o alto astigmatismo. Em relação à triagem para prescrição de óculos em comparação com o método de referência retinoscópio, a sensibilidade do autorrefrator portátil sem cicloplegia foi calculada em 100,00% e a especificidade, em 34,3%. Conclusão: O autorrefrator portátil deve ser usado como ferramenta de triagem e, ao se prescreverem óculos, deve-se ter em mente a tendência de subestimar a hipermetropia e superestimar o alto astigmatismo.

Herramientas de corte para optimizar parámetros de clasificación de especies maderables con redes neuronales convolucionales / Cutting tools to optimize classification parameters of timber species with convolutional neural networks

Introducción: La gran diversidad de especies maderables tropicales demanda el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías de identificación con base en sus patrones o características anatómicas. La aplicación de redes neuronales convolucionales (CNN) para el reconocimiento de especies maderables tropicales se ha incrementado en los últimos años por sus resultados prometedores. Objetivo: Evaluamos la calidad de las imágenes macroscópicas con tres herramientas de corte para mejorar la visualización y distinción de las características anatómicas en el entrenamiento del modelo CNN. Métodos: Recolectamos las muestras entre el 2020 y 2021 en áreas de explotación forestal y aserraderos de Selva Central, Perú. Luego, las dimensionamos y, previo a la identificación botánica y anatómica, las cortamos en secciones transversales. Generamos una base de datos de imágenes macroscópicas de la sección transversal de la madera, a través del corte, con tres herramientas para ver su rendimiento en el laboratorio, campo y puesto de control. Resultados: Usamos tres herramientas de corte para obtener una alta calidad de imágenes transversales de la madera; obtuvimos 3 750 imágenes macroscópicas con un microscopio portátil que corresponden a 25 especies maderables. El cuchillo ''Tramontina'' es duradero, pero pierde el filo con facilidad y se necesita una herramienta para afilar, el cúter retráctil ''Pretul'' es adecuado para madera suave y dura en muestras pequeñas de laboratorio; el cuchillo ''Ubermann'' es apropiado para el campo, laboratorio y puesto de control, porque tiene una envoltura duradera y láminas intercambiables en caso de pérdida de filo. Conclusiones: La calidad de las imágenes es decisiva en la clasificación de especies maderables, porque permite una mejor visualización y distinción de las características anatómicas en el entrenamiento con los modelos de red neuronal convolucional EfficientNet B0 y Custom Vision, lo cual se evidenció en las métricas de precisión.

Introduction: The great diversity of tropical timber species demands the development of new technologies capable of identifying them based on their patterns or anatomical characteristics. The application of convolutional neural networks (CNN) for the recognition of tropical timber species has increased in recent years due to the promising results of CNNs. Objective: To evaluate the quality of macroscopic images with three cutting tools to improve the visualization and distinction of anatomical features in the CNN model training. Methods: Samples were collected from 2020 to 2021 in areas of logging and sawmills in the Central Jungle, Peru. They were later sized and, after botanical and anatomical identification, cut in cross sections. A database of macroscopic images of the cross-section of wood was generated through cutting with three different tools and observing its performance in the laboratory, field, and checkpoint. Results: Using three cutting tools, we obtained high quality images of the cross section of wood; 3 750 macroscopic images were obtained with a portable microscope and correspond to 25 timber species. We found the ''Tramontina'' knife to be durable, however, it loses its edge easily and requires a sharpening tool, the ''Pretul'' retractable cutter is suitable for cutting soft and hard wood in small laboratory samples and finally the ''Ubermann'' knife is suitable for use in the field, laboratory, and checkpoint, because it has a durable sheath and interchangeable blades in case of dullness. Conclusion: The quality of the images is decisive in the classification of timber species, because it allows a better visualization and distinction of the anatomical characteristics in training with the EfficientNet B0 and Custom Vision convolutional neural network models, which was evidenced in the precision metrics.

Las nanoestructuras de ZnO y sus aplicaciones como sensor de gas H2S / The ZnO nanostructures and their applications as a H2S gas sensor

RESUMEN Existe un interés global en la detección de gases tóxicos, para la protección del medio ambiente y los seres humanos. Se han desarrollado múltiples estudios enfocados en el uso de sensores de gases basados en óxidos metálicos, como es el óxido de zinc (ZnO), el cual presenta propiedades electrónicas específicas como sensor de gases por ser un semiconductor tipo n y bajo costo de producción. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar el uso de nanoestructuras de ZnO, para la fabricación de sensores del gas ácido sulfhídrico (H2S), así como las técnicas de obtención más comunes de dichas estructuras. Las características de las nanoestructuras de óxido de zinc (NE´s-ZnO) varían por efecto del método de obtención, generando diferentes morfologías y tamaño, que impactan en la capacidad de detección de gas (0.5 ppm a 600 ppm) y en el rango de temperatura que se requiere. Los avances en la generación de diversas NE´s-ZnO facilitarán la posibilidad de generar sensores que puedan ser utilizados en detectores portátiles y operen a temperatura ambiente, lo cual es un reto actual.

ABSTRACT There is a global interest in the detection of toxic gases for the protection of the environment and human beings, using low-cost and easy-to-use sensors. Multiple studies have focused on the use of gas detectors based on metal oxides, such as zinc oxide (ZnO), which has specific electronic properties as a gas detector because it is an n-type semiconductor and it has a low production cost. The objective of this work was to analyze the use of ZnO nanostructures for the manufacturing of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas sensors, as well as the most common techniques for obtaining these structures. The characteristics of zinc oxide nanostructures (NE´s-ZnO) vary due to the effect of the obtaining method, generating different morphologies and sizes, which impacts gas detection performance (0.5 ppm up to 600 ppm) and in the temperature range that is required. Advances in the design of various NE's-ZnO will have the possibility of generating sensors that can be used in portable detectors and operate at room temperature, which is a current challenge.

A comparison of the quality of images of chest X-ray between handheld portable digital X-ray & routinely used digital X-ray machine

Background & objectives: Chest X-ray (CXR) is an important screening tool for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Accessibility to CXR facilities in difficult-to-reach and underserved populations is a challenge. This can potentially be overcome by deploying digital X-ray machines that are portable. However, these portable X-ray machines need to be validated before their deployment in the field. Here, we compare the image quality of CXR taken by a newly developed handheld X-ray machine with routinely used reference digital X-ray machine through the conduct of a feasibility study. Methods: A total of 100 participants with suspected pulmonary TB were recruited from the outpatient departments of a medical college and a community health centre in Agra. Each participant underwent CXR twice, once with each machine. Both sets of de-identified images were independently read by two radiologists, who were blinded to the type of X-ray machine used. The primary outcome was agreement between image qualities produced by these two machines. Results: The intra-observer (radiologist) agreements regarding the status of the 15 CXR parameters ranged between 74 per cent and 100 per cent, with an unweighted mean of 87.2 per cent (95% confidence interval: 71.5-100). The median Cohen’s kappa values for intra-observer agreement were 0.62 and 0.67 for radiologists 1 and 2, respectively. In addition, on comparison of the overall median score of quality of the image, the handheld machine images had a higher score for image quality. Interpretation & conclusions: The current study shows that a handheld X-ray machine, which is easy to use and can potentially be carried to any area, produces X-ray images with quality that is comparable to digital X-ray machines routinely used in health facilities.

Research progress of application and management of home blood pressure monitoring / 中华护理杂志

Hypertension has a high global prevalence rate,which is the main preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease.Home blood pressure monitoring plays an important role in diagnosis,adjustment of treatment strategies and long-term follow-up of hypertension.However,there are still enormous challenges for the popularization and standardized application of home blood pressure monitoring.Therefore,this review article describes indication,standardized implementation protocol,current status and influencing factors of implementation and management forms of home blood pressure monitoring.It can provide a reference for promoting the implementation of practical guidelines for home blood pressure monitoring and optimizing the application of home blood pressure monitoring.

Point-of-care testing technology and experimental diagnosis of insect-borne diseases: applications and challenges / 中华检验医学杂志

Insect-borne infections are causing serious public health concerns worldwide. Point-of-care testing technology for insect-borne diseases can rapidly and accurately determine the pathogens, thus it plays an important role in the application of portable disease control measurements. This article provides an overview of the point-of-care testing technology for insect-borne infectious diseases regarding its application, advantages and limitations in experimental diagnoses, and its future trends.

Portable head and neck magnetic resonance imaging device in neurosurgery / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical application of portable head and neck magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device in neurosurgery.Methods:A total of 213 patients with brain diseases who were scanned by portable head and neck MRI device in Center of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University from June to September 2022 were selected. The portable head and neck MRI images and 3.0T conventional MRI images of 10 randomly selected patients were compared; the differences in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of different sequences were analyzed. Thirty-one patients accepted tracheal intubation/tracheotomy, or ventilator-assisted breathing were selected as special patient group, and another 30 patients were as general patient group; the differences in comprehensive diagnostic scores of portable head and neck MRI images were compared. Noise intensity differences in different sequences between 3.0T conventional MRI and portable head and neck MRI were statistically compared. Twenty hospitalized volunteers with normal hearing in our center from July to August 2022 were selected, conventional 3.0T MRI and portable head and neck MRI were performed successively, and the noise intensity of different sequences in them was evaluated by using a 5-point system.Results:Compared with those in 3.0T conventional MRI images, the SNR and CNR of T1WI, T2WI, and Liquid attenuated reverse recovery sequence (FLAIR) sequences in portable head and neck MRI images were significantly lower ( P<0.05). No significant difference was noted in the comprehensive diagnostic scores of portable head and neck MRI images between special patients and general patients ( P>0.05). Compared with that in the 3.0T conventional MRI, the noise intensity of different sequences in portable head and neck MRI was significantly reduced ( P<0.05). These volunteers had significantly reduced noise intensity scores of different sequences in portable head and neck MRI compared with that in conventional 3.0T MRI ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Portable head and neck MRI device is easy to use, enjoying high safety, imaging quality and suitability, which meets the clinical needs for neurosurgery patients.

Actualización en equipos de Rayos X portátiles en odontología: revisión de literatura / Update on Hand-Held X-Ray Devices in Dentistry: a Literature Review

Resumen En las últimas dos décadas ha aumentado el uso de equipos portátiles de rayos X intraorales, los cuales son estabilizados por el operador. Si bien todos los equipos radiográficos presentan un riesgo inherente por el uso de radiación ionizante, el uso indebido de los equipos portátiles puede aumentar la exposición del operador. Se recomienda el uso de los equipos portátiles en un trípode o activados desde un área protegida. Sin embargo, en casos altamente justificados para su uso sin estos aditamentos, se debe seguir recomendaciones para disminuir la exposición del operador. Debido a que la radioprotección es fundamental al trabajar con rayos X, se debe favorecer el uso de equipos radiográficos dentales fijos sobre los equipos portátiles, ya que estos proporcionan una menor dosis de radiación al operador.

Abstract In the last two decades, the use of portable intraoral X-ray devices, stabilized by the operator, has increased. While all radiographic devices present an inherent risk from ionizing radiation, improper use of portable devices can increase operator exposure. Use of portable devices on a tripod or powered from a protected area is recommended. However, in highly justified cases, for using without these accessories, recommendations should be followed to reduce operator exposure. Because radioprotection is essential when using X-rays, fixed dental radiographic devices should be favored over portable equipment since the first provides a lower radiation dose to the operator.

A cross-sectional e-survey to map clinical practice of electrocardiogram use as a screening tool in outpatient department: India office electrocardiogram e-survey

Background:Early detection of electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities in high risk cardiovascular patients with routine ECG screening is the need of the hour. The aim of the e-survey was to understand the use of ECG in high risk cardio-metabolically deranged patients at outpatient departments (OPDs) by Indian physicians.Methods:A cross-sectional India office ECG (IOECG) e-survey was conducted using Google form questionnaire from November 2021 to December 2021 among Indian physicians. Survey results were collected and analysed using Google form survey tool.Results:We received total of 1863 responses. The results of the survey showed that while 90% of physicians agreed to the necessity of doing 12 lead ECG of cardio-metabolically deranged patients, only 61% of all physicians could perform ECG screening in less than 40% of high risk cardio-metabolic patients mainly, due to several practical challenges. Among physicians, 40.2% physicians believed that 12 lead ECG was too time consuming, 35.8% physicians believed that the unavailability of ECG device was common reason while 27.5% physicians believed that there was a lack of trained staff. Majority of physicians (69.7%) agreed to use point of care ECG device which can be a solution for more screening of such patients whether symptomatic or asymptomatic. According to the survey, 88.7% physicians would appreciate if a portable handheld ECG device was made available to facilitate screening in their practice.Conclusions:There is a need of the portable handheld ECG device which helps physicians to screen large number of cardio-metabolically deranged patients in their busy OPDs.

Simulation of detection efficiency of a portable NaI(Tl) γ spectrometer for monitoring 131I in the thyroid / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To simulate the effects of different thyroid-neck phantoms and monitoring positions on the detection efficiency of portable γ spectrometer, and to provide guidance for more accurate on-site measurement of 131I activity in the human thyroid. Methods:Based on the models of 4 typical thyroid-neck phantoms and a 3-inch NaI (TI) γ spectrometer used for the measurement of 131I in the thyroid and combined with the possible field monitoring scenarios, the Monte Carlo method was used to simulate and calculate the detection efficiency of the spectrometer under different conditions of monitoring distance, thyroid depth and thyroid volume. Results:The detection efficiency decreased significantly with the increase in the distance between the detector and the neck surface. The efficiency close to the neck surface was about 15 times that at 15 cm away from the neck surface. The detection efficiency decreased significantly with the increase in thyroid depth. When it was measured at the surface of the neck, the detection efficiency of thyroid at depth of 2 mm was about 3.6 times that of 30 mm. The detection efficiency decreases with the increase in thyroid volume. When it was measured at the neck surface, the detection efficiency of thyroid with 1 ml volume was 1.71 times that with 30 ml. The detection efficiency decreased with the center-point offset of the detector, especially at the neck surface, an offset of 2 cm would reduce the detection efficiency by about 15%.Conclusions:Not only the measurement distance used in calibration, but also the information of the depth and volume of thyroid in the neck-thyroid phantom, is important to know in advance for an accurate measurement of 131I activity in thyroid by using a portable gamma spectrometer.

Investigation of two types of portable γ spectrometer applicability for measurement of thyroid 131I activity and internal doses to radiation workers / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To investigate the differences in applicability of both the portable high-purity germanium (HPGe) γ spectrometer and the portable lanthanum bromide (LaBr) γ spectrometer for measuring thyroid 131I activity and internal exposure monitoring for radiation workers. Method:Both DETECTIVE-DX100-KT portable HPGe γ spectrometer and InSpector 1000 portable LaBr γ spectrometer were used to measure the 131I content in thyroid of radiation workers for comparison of the measuring result, minimum detectable activity (MDA) and corresponding annual committed effective doses between two types of spectrometers. Results:The detection rate of 131I in thyroid of radiation workers was 67.7% for HPGe γ spectrometer and 26.2% for LaBr γ spectrometer, respectively. The MDA was 12.26-14.74 Bq (measuring time: 3-5 min) for HPGe γ spectrometer and 56.56-80.37 Bq for LaBr γ spectrometer (measuring time: 2-4 min). The annual committed effective dose corresponding to MDA was 0.07-0.08 mSv (3-5 min) for HPGe and 0.31-0.45 mSv (2-4 min) for LaBr, respectively, in the case of using chronic continuous intake mode and 7 d monitoring period. Conclusions:The minimum detectable activity (MDA) of the two types of portable spectrometers could meet the requirements specified in GBZ 129-2016 Specifications for individual monitoring of occupational internal exposure for thyroid monitoring equipment. The two types of spectrometers could be used for routine monitoring of internal contamination. The difference between the monitoring result of LaBr γ and HPGe γ spectrometers might be due to such factors as large uncertainty in short measuring time and low activity concentrations, incomplete identical of distance between probe and neck, probe angle setting, different response of equipment to the environment, background deduction method.

A novel portable endoscopy system for upper gastrointestinal examination: a multicenter clinical study / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective:To evaluate the performance, efficacy and safety of a novel portable endoscopy system for upper gastrointestinal examination.Methods:A multicentered, open-label, randomized, non-inferiority controlled study was conducted in 3 clinical research centers from June 2019 to June 2020, and a total of 90 outpatients admitted to Department of Gastroenterology were randomly assigned to the trial group ( n=44) undergoing portable endoscopy and the control group ( n=46) undergoing Olympus endoscopy. The examination success rate, image quality, performance, overall operation satisfaction rate, biopsy success rate and adverse events of the two groups were compared. Results:The examination success rates of the trial group and the control group were 97.73% (43/44) and 100.00% (46/46) respectively with a difference of -2.27% (95% CI: -6.68%-2.13%), higher than the set non-inferiority margin of -10%. Rates of good and excellent image quality were 100% in both groups, and the difference of 0 was higher than the set non-inferiority margin of -10%. There was no significant difference in the rate of good and excellent performance of the operating system between the two groups [97.67% (42/43) VS 100.00% (46/46), P=0.483]. There was significant difference in the overall satisfactory rate of the operation between the two groups [86.05% (37/43) VS 100.00% (46/46), P=0.011]. A total of 9 cases underwent endoscopic biopsy, including 5 cases in the trial group and 4 cases in the control group. The biopsy channels in both groups were smooth and the biopsy were successfully completed. There was no significant difference in adverse event rate between the two groups [25.00% (11/44) VS 10.87%(5/46), χ2=3.07, P=0.080]. All adverse events disappeared in 48 hours, and no severe adverse events or device defect events occurred. Conclusion:The novel portable endoscopic system is comparable to Olympus endoscopic system in terms of the operating performance, the image quality and safety. Therefore, this system is safe and effective for upper gastrointestinal examination.

Portable Multi Channel EEG Signal Acquisition System / 中国医疗器械杂志

This study introduces a portable multi-channel EEG signal acquisition system. The system is mainly composed of EEG electrode connector, signal conditioning circuit, EEG acquisition part, main control MCU and power supply part. The low-power EEG acquisition front-end ADS1299 and STM32 are used to form the signal acquisition and data communication part. The collected EEG signal can be transmitted to the PC for real-time display. After relevant tests, the system has small volume, low power consumption, high signal-to-noise ratio, and meets the requirements of portable wearable medical devices.

Rapid Detection of Adulteration of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus Based on Portable Near Infrared Spectroscopy / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveIn order to establish a systematic quality evaluation system for Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus adulteration， portable near-infrared （NIR） spectroscopy was used to identify Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus and its adulterants and detect their adulteration quantity. MethodA total of 72 batches of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus samples were collected and 570 batches of adulterated products （dry bulbs of Fritillaria thunbergii， F. ussuriensis， F. pallidiflora and F. hupehensis， Bulbus Tulipae， flour） were prepared， NIR spectral data of samples were collected by the portable NIR spectrometer. Linear discriminant analysis （LDA） was used to establish the qualitative correction models of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus-adulterants and adulterants of different categories， partial least squares （PLS） was used to establish the quantitative correction models of adulteration quantity of different kinds of adulterants. ResultThe recognition rates of qualitative analysis model of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus and its adulterants were 99.49% （calibration set） and 100.00% （validation set）， respectively. In different adulterant models， the recognition rates of calibration set and validation set were 70.47% and 73.68%， respectively. Moreover， the correlation coefficients of validation set （R2P） of the six quantitative models of adulteration ratio were 0.840 2 （Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus adulterated with F. thunbergii dry bulbs）， 0.960 2 （Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus adulterated with F. ussuriensis dry bulbs）， 0.765 7 （Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus adulterated with F. pallidiflora dry bulbs）， 0.902 5 （Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus adulterated with F. hupehensis dry bulbs）， 0.957 4 （Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus adulterated with Bulbus Tulipae）， 0.976 1 （Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus adulterated with flour）， the root mean square error of prediction （RMSEP） were 10.948 5， 5.463 9， 13.256 4， 8.549 2， 5.655 3， 4.235 6， respectively. The two qualitative models and six quantitative models showed good prediction performance. ConclusionThe portable NIR spectroscopy can be used to identify Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus and its adulterants in real time， the method is rapid and accurate， which can meet the requirements of nondestructive identification of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus on site.