摘要
Dust mites are one of the most important allergens, widely distributed around the world, especially in household environments. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae and Blomia tropicalis are the most common species of dust mites. There are more than 35 known sensitization components of dust mites, among which Der p 1, Der p 2 and Der p 23 are the major components. Clinically, allergen skin test and serum specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) detection are widely used in the preliminary diagnosis of dust mite allergy. However, these methods cannot accurately identify specific dust mite sensitization components. Considering that there are significant differences in the allergenic components of dust mites in different regions and populations, component-resolved diagnosis of dust mite is particularly important in accurately determining the allergenic components. This is not only of guiding significance for allergen avoidance, but also important for determining the immunotherapy regimen for dust mites. In order to strengthen the understanding of the molecular diagnosis of dust mites and promote the integration of allergy science in China with the international standards, this article interprets the "Allergy Molecular Allergology User's Guide 2.0" published recently by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Dust , Dust Mite Allergy , Pathology, Molecular , Antigens, Dermatophagoides , Allergens , Hypersensitivity/therapy , Pyroglyphidae摘要
Dust mites are one of the most important allergens, widely distributed around the world, especially in household environments. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae and Blomia tropicalis are the most common species of dust mites. There are more than 35 known sensitization components of dust mites, among which Der p 1, Der p 2 and Der p 23 are the major components. Clinically, allergen skin test and serum specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) detection are widely used in the preliminary diagnosis of dust mite allergy. However, these methods cannot accurately identify specific dust mite sensitization components. Considering that there are significant differences in the allergenic components of dust mites in different regions and populations, component-resolved diagnosis of dust mite is particularly important in accurately determining the allergenic components. This is not only of guiding significance for allergen avoidance, but also important for determining the immunotherapy regimen for dust mites. In order to strengthen the understanding of the molecular diagnosis of dust mites and promote the integration of allergy science in China with the international standards, this article interprets the "Allergy Molecular Allergology User's Guide 2.0" published recently by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Dust , Dust Mite Allergy , Pathology, Molecular , Antigens, Dermatophagoides , Allergens , Hypersensitivity/therapy , Pyroglyphidae摘要
Pet allergies are the type Ⅰ allergic reaction stimulated by allergens in pet dander, hair, and saliva and urine. Atopic individuals with pet allergies have mucosal and respiratory symptoms and casually severe anaphylaxis. Recently, the increasing presence of household pets in China has contributed to an increase in the prevalence of allergies to pets. Moreover, pet allergen sensitization is one of the critical risk factors for developing other allergic diseases, posing a major health problem. This article discussed the epidemiology, allergenic components, clinical features, diagnosis and management, and prevention of pet allergies, providing advice for prevention and treatment.
Subject(s)
Humans , Allergens , Hypersensitivity/therapy , China/epidemiology , Hair , Risk Factors摘要
The increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases has brought a substantial medical, social and economic burden. The development of allergology is relatively lag behind the allergy prevalence in China. Both the numbers of allergy specialty and allergist are scarce and thus the diagnosis and treatment of allergic disease does not meet the needs of allergy patients. This article summarizes the status of medical education and specialty development of allergology in China and abroad. In addition, the key strategies for promoting the development of allergy education and specialty were discussed, including undergraduate and graduate education of allergology, the orientation of allergy specialty and related specialty/subspecialty, the integration of allergology into the standardized residents training system, training and certification of allergists, and multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment model.
Subject(s)
Humans , Hypersensitivity/therapy , Education, Medical , Education, Graduate , China/epidemiology , Students摘要
Pet allergies are the type Ⅰ allergic reaction stimulated by allergens in pet dander, hair, and saliva and urine. Atopic individuals with pet allergies have mucosal and respiratory symptoms and casually severe anaphylaxis. Recently, the increasing presence of household pets in China has contributed to an increase in the prevalence of allergies to pets. Moreover, pet allergen sensitization is one of the critical risk factors for developing other allergic diseases, posing a major health problem. This article discussed the epidemiology, allergenic components, clinical features, diagnosis and management, and prevention of pet allergies, providing advice for prevention and treatment.
Subject(s)
Humans , Allergens , Hypersensitivity/therapy , China/epidemiology , Hair , Risk Factors摘要
The increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases has brought a substantial medical, social and economic burden. The development of allergology is relatively lag behind the allergy prevalence in China. Both the numbers of allergy specialty and allergist are scarce and thus the diagnosis and treatment of allergic disease does not meet the needs of allergy patients. This article summarizes the status of medical education and specialty development of allergology in China and abroad. In addition, the key strategies for promoting the development of allergy education and specialty were discussed, including undergraduate and graduate education of allergology, the orientation of allergy specialty and related specialty/subspecialty, the integration of allergology into the standardized residents training system, training and certification of allergists, and multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment model.
Subject(s)
Humans , Hypersensitivity/therapy , Education, Medical , Education, Graduate , China/epidemiology , Students摘要
Se describen como desafíos actuales en mucopolisacaridosis I la necesidad de una clasificación adecuada, vinculándola a las indicaciones terapéuticas; el diagnóstico temprano desde la pesquisa neonatal, sus ventajas y dificultades hasta la sospecha clínica de las formas grave y atenuada; el cuidado de la patología espinal y oftalmológica, desde el diagnóstico, el seguimiento y el tratamiento; las reacciones alérgicas por terapia de reemplazo enzimático, su diagnóstico y tratamiento. Por último, la transición hacia el cuidado adulto
Here we describe the current challenges of mucopolysaccharidosis type I: the need for an adequate classification, establishing its relationship to therapeutic indications; an early diagnosis, from neonatal screening, its advantages and barriers, to clinical suspicion of severe and attenuated forms; spinal and eye disease care, from diagnosis to follow-up and treatment; allergic reactions caused by enzyme replacement therapy, their diagnosis and treatment. And lastly, transition to adult care
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Mucopolysaccharidosis I/diagnosis , Mucopolysaccharidosis I/therapy , Neonatal Screening , Mucopolysaccharidosis I/classification , Eye Diseases/diagnosis , Eye Diseases/therapy , Transition to Adult Care , Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Hypersensitivity/therapy摘要
According to the etiology, allergic diseases are related to wind and heat; according to the pathogenesis, most of allergic diseases are
Subject(s)
Humans , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Hot Temperature , Hypersensitivity/therapy , Meridians摘要
Cardiopathia fantastica é o termo utilizado para a variante cardíaca da síndrome de Munchausen, condição na qual o paciente busca atendimento médico repetidamente por doenças factícias. Relatamos um caso de síncope induzida por administração inadequada de fármacos cronotrópicos negativos, que resultou em implante de marcapasso definitivo, seguido de reações cutâneas sobre a loja do marcapasso. O acompanhamento da paciente mostrou que as alterações cutâneas eram lesões factícias (Dermatitis artefacta). Apresentamos também uma breve revisão sobre as reações alérgicas a dispositivos cardíacos eletrônicos implantáveis, abrangendo sua fisiopatologia e alternativas terapêuticas disponíveis.
Cardiopathia fantastica is the cardiac variant of Munchausen syndrome, a condition where patients repeatedly seek medical consultation for factitious diseases. We report a case of syncope induced by an inadequate administration of negative chronotropic drugs, which resulted in permanent pacemaker implantation, followed by the appearance of cutaneous reactions over the pacemaker pocket. This patient´s follow-up showed that the cutaneous disease consisted of factitious lesions (Dermatitis artefacta). We also present a brief review on allergic reactions to cardiac implantable electronic devices, including its pathophysiology and available therapeutic strategies.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Pacemaker, Artificial , Diagnosis , Hypersensitivity/physiopathology , Hypersensitivity/therapy , Munchausen Syndrome/diagnosis , Electrocardiography/methods摘要
Em leitura à excelente coluna "O aumento da produtividade frente às restrições alimentares", de autoria de Sílvia Panetta Nascimento, nesta revista, além de despertar nossa curiosidade científica, também contribuiu para o conhecimento sobre o tema. Pressupondo que as alergias, intolerâncias e doenças também acabam por interferir nas tecnologias de produção usuais e requerem aplicação de técnicas específicas que, muitas vezes, acabam por dificultar a produção maciça de alimentos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Hypersensitivity/prevention & control , Hypersensitivity/therapy , PrebioticsSubject(s)
Humans , Hypersensitivity/immunology , Hypersensitivity/therapy , Bronchitis , Chile , Risk Factors , Pyroglyphidae摘要
Insects are a class of living creatures within the arthropods. Insect bite reactions are commonly seen in clinical practice. The present review touches upon the medically important insects and their places in the classification, the sparse literature on the epidemiology of insect bites in India, and different variables influencing the susceptibility of an individual to insect bites. Clinical features of mosquito bites, hypersensitivity to mosquito bites Epstein-Barr virus NK (HMB-EBV-NK) disease, eruptive pseudoangiomatosis, Skeeter syndrome, papular pruritic eruption of HIV/AIDS, and clinical features produced by bed bugs, Mexican chicken bugs, assassin bugs, kissing bugs, fleas, black flies, Blandford flies, louse flies, tsetse flies, midges, and thrips are discussed. Brief account is presented of the immunogenic components of mosquito and bed bug saliva. Papular urticaria is discussed including its epidemiology, the 5 stages of skin reaction, the SCRATCH principle as an aid in diagnosis, and the recent evidence supporting participation of types I, III, and IV hypersensitivity reactions in its causation is summarized. Recent developments in the treatment of pediculosis capitis including spinosad 0.9% suspension, benzyl alcohol 5% lotion, dimethicone 4% lotion, isopropyl myristate 50% rinse, and other suffocants are discussed within the context of evidence derived from randomized controlled trials and key findings of a recent systematic review. We also touch upon a non-chemical treatment of head lice and the ineffectiveness of egg-loosening products. Knockdown resistance (kdr) as the genetic mechanism making the lice nerves insensitive to permethrin is discussed along with the surprising contrary clinical evidence from Europe about efficacy of permethrin in children with head lice carrying kdr-like gene. The review also presents a brief account of insects as vectors of diseases and ends with discussion of prevention of insect bites and some serious adverse effects of mosquito coil smoke.
Subject(s)
Animals , Bedbugs , Culicidae , Diptera , Humans , Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Hypersensitivity/therapy , Insect Bites and Stings/diagnosis , Insect Bites and Stings/epidemiology , Insect Bites and Stings/therapy , Pediculus , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/methods摘要
Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar em uma população de pacientes ortodônticos aqueles que são alérgicos ao níquel, bem como verificar se existem diferenças entre esses indivíduos, considerando especificamente a condição gengival e sanguínea em caráter longitudinal, através da utilização de braquetes convencionais e níquel free no tratamento ortodôntico. A população do estudo foi composta por 80 pacientes, de ambos os gêneros, faixa etária 10 anos e 8 meses a 43 anos e 1 mês. Para diagnóstico da alergia ao níquel, foram realizados testes de contato 1 mês antes do início do tratamento. Quarenta e dois pacientes apresentaram alergia e foram divididos de forma randomizada em 2 grupos...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Orthodontic Appliances , Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Hypersensitivity/therapy , Nickel/adverse effects摘要
El presente trabajo abordó la evaluación del efecto inhibitorio sobre la respuesta alérgica del extracto metanótico de Cosmos peucedanifofius (panti) y la determinación de la toxicidad aguda de esta especie. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto inhibitorio sobre la respuesta alérgica del extracto metanólico de Cosmos peucedanifolius (panti) y determinar la toxicidad aguda. Metodología: Para evaluar el efecto sobre la respuesta alérgica se realizó un estudio cuasi experimental de series cronologías con repetición del estímulo y diseño con un grupo control, realizando las siguientes pruebas: Edema plantar inducido por OVA (ovoalbúmina), Reacción cutánea inducida por Histamina en ratas albinas y Prueba de Anafilaxia Pasiva Cutánea para determinar lgE específica. Y con el objetivo de demostrar la probable toxicidad aguda se usó, un estudio cuasi experimental con pre prueba y post prueba teniendo en cuenta el Método de Lorke. Resultados: Se observó que a dosis de 800mg/Kg existió una inhibición muy buena sobre la inflamación alérgica inducida por Ovoalbúmina de 52 % similar al del fármaco patrón lndometacina. En el ensayo de la evaluación de la reacción cutánea inducida por histamina en ratas albinas se obtuvo buenos resultados a dosis de 400 y 800 mg/kg obteniéndose un buen porcentaje de Inhibición. Finalmente a dosis de 400 mg/Kg se observó una inhibición en la producción de lgE especifica mostrándose de mejor manera a una dilución de e 1/256. En cuanto a la determinación de la toxicidad aguda mediante la prueba de Lorke se determinó que el extracto metanólico de Cosmos peucedanifolius (panti), es poco toxica. Conclusiones: Los resultados de esta investigación constituyen parte de la base experimental pre clínica necesaria para la realización de ensayos clínicos controlados en inmunopatologías como la artritis reumatoide o el asma bronquial entre otras enfermedades relacionadas a la respuesta alérgica.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Plant Extracts , Asteraceae/toxicity , Hypersensitivity/therapy , Phytochemicals摘要
Fundamento: la Inmunoterapia ha sido motivo de controversia y discusión desde que se empezó a utilizar. Las inyecciones pueden desencadenar eventos adversos menores y las reacciones sistémicas son poco frecuentes. Objetivo: evaluar el comportamiento del tratamiento con vacunas antialérgicas en el servicio de alergología del hospital universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo en pacientes alérgicos que acudieron a la consulta de alergología del Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech. Constituyeron el universo los ciento cincuenta pacientes atendidos en este servicio en el período de estudio, la muestra se conformó por cien pacientes que hicieron cambio de vacunas. La información se almacenó en una base de datos confeccionada mediante el programa Excel del Office XP. El procesamiento de los datos incluyó el cálculo de medidas descriptivas para variables cualitativas como las frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes. El procesamiento de la información se realizó mediante el paquete estadístico SPSS versión 6.0. Resultados: se reportaron reacciones adversas en un 17 por ciento entre los diez y ocho a cuarenta y dos años. Las vacunas alergénicas que en su composición tenían extractos de ácaros del Biocen estandarizados, fueron las que dieron reacciones. Las manifestaciones locales fueron roncha, eritema y exacerbación de la enfermedad. Conclusiones: es mayoritario el uso de esquema convencional hasta ahora. En todas las reacciones adversas las vacunas utilizaron ácaros en su composición y no existió reacción sistémica fatal en el estudio.
Background: Immunotherapy has been reason of controversy and discussion since it began to use. Injections may trigger smaller adverse events and systemic reactions are not very frequent. Objective: to evaluate the behavior of the treatment with antiallergic vaccines in the service of allergology of the university hospital Manuel Ascunce Domenech. Method: a descriptive study in allergic patients attended at the consultation of allergology of the University Hospital Manuel Ascunce Domenech was carried out. The universe was constituted by one-hundred fifty patients assisted in this service in the period of study; the sample was conformed to one-hundred patients that made change of vaccines. The information was stored in a database made by means of the Excel program of the Office XP. Data processing included the calculation of descriptive measures for qualitative variables as the absolute frequencies and percentages. The information processing was carried out by means of the statistical package SPSS version 6.0. Results: adverse reactions were reported in 17 percent among the ten and eight to forty-two years. The allergenic vaccines that had mite extracts in its composition of the standardized Biocen, were the ones that gave reactions. Local manifestations were wheal, erythema and exacerbation of the disease. Conclusions: it is majority the use of conventional outline up to now. All adverse reactions of vaccines used mites in its composition and fatal systemic reaction did not exist in the study.