Chemical characterization and toxicological assessment of hydroethanolic extract of Mandevilla velame xylopodium

ABSTRACT

Abstract The present study was aimed to characterize the chemical profile and evaluate the cytotoxicity and sub-chronic toxicity of the hydroethanolic extract of the xylopodium Mandevilla velame (A.St.-Hil.) Pichon, Apocynaceae. Chemical profile was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Cytotoxic potential of hydroethanolic extract of the xylopodium M. velame was evaluated using Chinese hamster ovary cells. The sub-chronic assessment was done on rats with hydroethanolic extract of the xylopodium M. velame (50, 200 and 800 mg/kg) was orally administered daily for 30 consecutive days. High performance liquid chromatography analysis confirmed the presence of gallic acid, ellagic acid, catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, naringin, myricetin, quercetin and naringenin. hydroethanolic extract of the xylopodium M. velame tested concentrations did not alter the viability of Chinese hamster ovary cells. In the sub-chronic test, 50 and 200 mg/kg were safe, but there were significant changes in relation to weight gain and water consumption by animals that received 800 mg/kg of hydroethanolic extract of the xylopodium M. velame. Among the haematological and biochemical parameters evaluated, only the number of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and creatinine concentration were changed at 800 mg/kg. Phytochemical profile of hydroethanolic extract of the xylopodium M. velame revealed the presence of phenolics and flavonoid compounds. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay result demonstrated that hydroethanolic extract of the xylopodium M. velame had no cytotoxic effects in Chinese hamster ovary cells. In the in vivo models, hydroethanolic extract of the xylopodium M. velame was shown to be relatively safe after sub-acute administration in rats which is relation to that the population daily takes a total dose of the plant xylopodium decoction or infusion about 23.29 times lower than the no-observed-adverse effect level dose in rats.