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A importância do diagnóstico precoce em oncologia pediátrica - Tumor de Wilms: relato de caso / The importance of early diagnosis in pediatric oncology – Wilms’ tumor: a case report
Dassi, Natália; Peres, Fernanda Lagares Xavier; Sabarros, Vera; Michalowski, Mariana Bohns.
  • Dassi, Natália; s.af
  • Peres, Fernanda Lagares Xavier; s.af
  • Sabarros, Vera; Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio. Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Michalowski, Mariana Bohns; s.af
Rev. AMRIGS ; 59(4): 306-309, out.-dez. 2015. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-835426
RESUMO

Introdução:

O câncer representa a primeira causa de morte por doença entre crianças de 1 a 19 anos. Os tumores renais são responsáveis por 5% a 10% destas neoplasias. A apresentação clínica inicial mais frequente é a presença de massa abdominal assintomática. Hipertensão arterial, dores abdominais, hematúria macroscópica, anorexia e associação com anormalidades congênitas podem ocorrer. Este caso objetiva chamar a atenção para o diagnóstico diferencial das massas abdominais e ratifi car a importância do exame clínico no diagnóstico precoce. Descrição de Caso Menina, 11 meses, natural e procedente de Canoas. Consultava regularmente na UBS com médico generalista e nas emergências. Há dois meses, mãe levou menina à UBS por dores abdominais e irritabilidade. Foi liberada com sintomáticos. Dias após, percebeu massa abdominal e procurou a emergência. Após exame clínico, fez-se ecografia abdominal que evidenciou massa renal unilateral. A paciente foi encaminhada ao nosso serviço. Chegou nutrida, descorada, irritada, com massa palpável em hipocôndrio esquerdo, estendendo-se até fossa ilíaca e ultrapassando a linha média. Realizou TC abdome massa renal de 9,2x 8,9 cm, sugestiva de tumor de Wilms. Fez quimioterapia por 4 semanas e nefrectomia à esquerda. Anatomopatológico confirmou tumor de Wilms localizado.

Conclusões:

Estima-se que cerca de 70% das crianças com câncer possam ser curadas se diagnosticadas precocemente e tratadas em centros especializados. Com a descrição deste caso, chamamos a atenção para a importância do exame clínico e a valorização das queixas do paciente e de seus familiares, bem como para investigação das massas abdominais.
ABSTRACT

Background:

Cancer is the leading cause of death by disease among children 1-19 years of age. Renal tumors account for 5-10% of these neoplasms. The most frequent initial clinical presentation is the presence of asymptomatic abdominal mass. High blood pressure, abdominal pain, macroscopic hematuria, anorexia and association with congenital abnormalities may occur. This case aims to draw attention to the differential diagnosis of abdominal masses and ratify the importance of clinical examination in early diagnosis. Description of case Girl 11 months, born and living in Canoas. She consulted regularly with general practitioner and emergencies at the BHU. Two months ago, mother took the girl to BHU complaining of abdominal pain and irritability. She was released with symptomatic medications. A few days later, an abdominal mass was perceived and the patient was brought to the emergency. After clinical examination, abdominal ultrasonography showed unilateral renal mass. The patient was referred to our service. She was nourished, discolored, irritated, with a palpable mass in the left hypochondrium, extending to the iliac fossa and surpassing the midline. Abdominal CT showed renal mass 9,2 x 8.9 cm suggestive of Wilms' tumor. She was submitted to chemotherapy for 4 weeks and left nephrectomy. Pathology confi rmed localized Wilms’ tumor.

Conclusions:

It is estimated that about 70% of children with cancer can be cured if diagnosed early and treated in specialized centers. With the description of this case, we draw attention to the importance of clinical examination and appreciation of the patient's and their families’ complaints, as well as to the investigation of abdominal masses.
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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Wilms Tumor / Early Detection of Cancer Type of study: Diagnostic study / Screening study Limits: Child / Humans Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. AMRIGS Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2015 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio/BR

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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Wilms Tumor / Early Detection of Cancer Type of study: Diagnostic study / Screening study Limits: Child / Humans Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. AMRIGS Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2015 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio/BR