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Analysis of the risk factors for incidental carcinoma of the prostate in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia / Análise dos fatores de risco para o diagnóstico do carcinoma incidental da próstata em pacientes com hiperplasia prostática benigna
Antunes, Alberto Azoubel; Freire, Geraldo de Campos; Aiello Filho, Domingos; Cury, José; Srougi, Miguel.
  • Antunes, Alberto Azoubel; São Paulo University. Division of Urology. Medical School. São Paulo. BR
  • Freire, Geraldo de Campos; São Paulo University. Division of Urology. Medical School. São Paulo. BR
  • Aiello Filho, Domingos; São Paulo University. Division of Urology. Medical School. São Paulo. BR
  • Cury, José; São Paulo University. Medical School. Division of Urology. São Paulo. BR
  • Srougi, Miguel; São Paulo University. Medical School. Division of Urology. São Paulo. BR
Clinics ; 61(6): 545-550, 2006. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-439374
ABSTRACT

PURPOSE:

To determine the occurence of incidental carcinoma of the prostate, its characteristics, and the risk factors for this diagnosis in a group of patients surgically treated for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

METHODS:

The study comprised a retrospective analysis of 218 patients. After surgical treatment, patients with the finding of incidental carcinoma of the prostate were compared to those without this finding. The preoperative variables analyzed were patient age, digital rectal examination, PSA, PSA density, prostate volume, and preoperative prostate biopsy. We also determined the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of digital rectal examination and PSA for the finding of incidental carcinoma of the prostate at surgical specimen analysis.

RESULTS:

Thirteen (6.2 percent) out of the 218 patients presented incidental carcinoma of the prostate. Eight (61.5 percent) of these tumors were classified as T1a and 5 (38.5 percent) as T1b. Only advanced age (P = 0.003) and the presence of a suspect digital rectal examination (P = 0. 016) were statistically related to the findings of the surgical specimen analysis. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for the diagnosis of incidental carcinoma were 23.0 percent, 96.6 percent, 30.0 percent, and 95.2 percent for a suspect digital rectal examination and 85.0 percent, 34.1 percent, 7.5 percent, and 97.2 percent for a PSA greater than 4.0 ng/mL. The accuracy for these methods was 92.2 percent and 37.1 percent, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

Advanced age and the presence of a suspect digital rectal examination represent the most important risk factors for the diagnosis of an incidental carcinoma of the prostate. However, the low positive predictive values reflect the weak correlations among these variables.
RESUMO

OBJETIVO:

Determinar a ocorrência do carcinoma incidental da próstata, suas características e fatores de risco para o diagnóstico em um grupo de pacientes tratados cirurgicamente para hiperplasia prostática benigna.

MÉTODOS:

O estudo compreendeu a análise retrospectiva de 218 pacientes. Após o tratamento cirúrgico, os pacientes com achado de carcinoma incidental da próstata foram comparados com os pacientes sem este achado. As variáveis pré-operatórias analisadas foram idade, toque retal, PSA, densidade do PSA, volume prostático e biópsia prostática pré-operatória. Também foram determinados a sensibilidade, especificidade, valor preditivo positivo e valor preditivo negativo do toque retal e do PSA para o diagnóstico do carcinoma incidental da próstata.

RESULTADOS:

Treze (6.2 por cento) dos 218 pacientes apresentaram carcinoma incidental da próstata. Oito (61.5 por cento) deles foram classificados com T1a e 5 (38.5 por cento) como T1b. Apenas a idade avançada (p=0.003) e a presença de um toque retal suspeito (p=0.016) se relacionaram estatisticamente com este achado na peça cirúrgica. A sensibilidade, especificidade, valore preditivo positivo e negativo para o diagnóstico de carcinoma incidental da próstata foram de 23.0 por cento, 96.6 por cento, 30.0 por cento, 95.2 por cento para a presença de um toque retal suspeito e 85.0 por cento, 34.1 por cento, 7.5 por cento e 97.2 por cento para um valor de PSA maior que 4.0 ng/ml respectivamente. A exatidãos dois métodos foi de 92.2 por cento e 37.1 por cento respectivamente.

CONCLUSÕES:

A idade avançada e a presença de um toque retal suspeito representam os fatores de risco mais importantes para o diagnóstico de carcinoma incidental da próstata.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Prostate / Prostatic Hyperplasia / Prostatic Neoplasms / Carcinoma / Biomarkers, Tumor Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Aged / Aged80 / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English / Portuguese Journal: Clinics Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2006 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: São Paulo University/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Prostate / Prostatic Hyperplasia / Prostatic Neoplasms / Carcinoma / Biomarkers, Tumor Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Aged / Aged80 / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English / Portuguese Journal: Clinics Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2006 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: São Paulo University/BR