Angioedema hereditario: Historia familiar y manifestaciones clínicas en 58 pacientes / Hereditary angioedema: Family history and clinical manifestations in 58 patients
Medicina (B.Aires)
; Medicina (B.Aires);69(6): 601-606, nov.-dic. 2009. ilus, tab
Article
in Es
| LILACS
| ID: lil-633689
Responsible library:
AR1.2
RESUMEN
El angioedema hereditario (AEH) es una enfermedad rara, autosómica dominante, caracterizada por episodios de angioedema que comprometen la piel, el tracto gastrointestinal y la laringe. Analizamos las características epidemiológicas y clínicas en una serie de 58 pacientes, 53 (91%) con diagnóstico de AEH tipo I y 5 (9%) con tipo II. La edad media al inicio fue de 10.8 ± 9.5 años (0.1 a 59) y de 25.8 ± 16.2 años (2 a 77) en el momento del diagnóstico, con un retraso diagnóstico de 15.3 ± 14.3 años. El promedio de ataques en los 6 meses previos a la consulta fue de 7.4 ± 7.6 (0 a 40). Cincuenta y cuatro (93%) presentaron ataques cutáneos, 50 (86%) abdominales, 24 (41%) laríngeos y 24 (41%) cutáneos y abdominales combinados. Veintisiete (46.5%) nunca utilizaron medicación preventiva para la enfermedad y 17 (29%) recibieron danazol en diferentes dosis por diferentes periodos de tiempo. Durante los ataques, 15 (26%) pacientes recibieron C1 inhibidor endovenoso alguna vez, 7 (12%) recibieron plasma fresco y 40 (69%) tratamiento sintomático. Ansiedad o situaciones de estrés y traumatismos fueron los desencadenantes más frecuentes. Identificamos a 6 (10%) pacientes como primera mutación y a 52 (90%) con historia familiar previa. Analizamos 20 troncos familiares identificando 205 individuos en riesgo de heredar la enfermedad, 109 (53%) de ellos con síntomas o diagnóstico AEH. El total de individuos con síntomas de AEH fue de 145, de los cuales 19 (13%) murieron por asfixia. Disminuir el retraso diagnóstico y ofrecer una terapéutica adecuada son desafíos a afrontar en el AEH.
ABSTRACT
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant disease, characterized by episodes of edema typically involving the skin, gastrointestinal tract and larynx. We here describe the epidemiologic and clinical characteristic of a series of 58 patients with diagnosis of HAE, 53 (91%) type I and 5 (9%) type II. The mean age at first symptom was 10.8 ± 9.5 years and the mean age at diagnosis was 25.8 ± 16.2 years old, with a diagnosis delay of 15.3 ± 14.3 years. The mean number of attacks in the previous 6 months was 7.4 ± 7.6 range 0 to 40. Fifty four (93%) had cutaneous attacks, 50 (86%) abdominal attacks, 24 (41%) laryngeal attacks and 24 (41%) combined cutaneous and abdominal attacks. Twenty seven (46.5%) patients never received preventive treatments and 17 (29%) received danazol in different doses for different periods of time. During the attacks, 15 (26%) patients were treated with C1 inhibitor at least once, 7 (12%) with fresh frozen plasma and 40 (69%) received only supportive treatment. Stress and trauma were identified as attacks triggers. Six (10%) patients were first mutation and 52 (90%) had HAE ancestors. We reconstructed 20 kindred, identifying 205 individuals at risk of inheriting the disease, 109 (53 %) of them had signs or laboratory diagnosis of HAE. The total number of identified HAE individuals was 145, 19 (13%) died with asphyxia. So, shortening of diagnosis delay and appropriate treatment of HAE are a challenge to be fulfilled.
Key words
Full text:
1
Index:
LILACS
Main subject:
Hereditary Angioedema Types I and II
Type of study:
Prognostic_studies
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Aged
/
Child
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Country/Region as subject:
America do sul
/
Argentina
Language:
Es
Journal:
Medicina (B.Aires)
Journal subject:
MEDICINA
Year:
2009
Type:
Article