In Osteoporosis, differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improves bone marrow adipogenesis
Biol. Res
;
45(3): 279-287, 2012. ilus, tab
Article
in English
| LILACS
| ID: lil-659285
ABSTRACT
The formation, maintenance, and repair of bone tissue involve close interlinks between two stem cell types housed in the bone marrow: the hematologic stem cell originating osteoclasts and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) generating osteoblasts. In this review, we consider malfunctioning of MSCs as essential for osteoporosis. In osteoporosis, increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fractures result from increased osteoclastogenesis and insufficient osteoblastogenesis. MSCs are the common precursors for both osteoblasts and adipocytes, among other cell types. MSCs' commitment towards either the osteoblast or adipocyte lineages depends on suitable regulatory factors activating lineage-specific transcriptional regulators. In osteoporosis, the reciprocal balance between the two differentiation pathways is altered, facilitating adipose accretion in bone marrow at the expense of osteoblast formation; suggesting that under this condition MSCs activity and their microenvironment may be disturbed. We summarize research on the properties of MSCs isolated from the bone marrow of control and osteoporotic post-menopausal women. Our observations indicate that intrinsic properties of MSCs are disturbed in osteoporosis. Moreover, we found that the regulatory conditions in the bone marrow fluid of control and osteoporotic patients are significantly different. These conclusions should be relevant for the use of MSCs in therapeutic applications.
Full text:
Available
Index:
LILACS (Americas)
Main subject:
Osteoporosis
/
Bone Marrow Cells
/
Adipogenesis
/
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Type of study:
Systematic reviews
Limits:
Animals
/
Female
/
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Biol. Res
Journal subject:
Biology
Year:
2012
Type:
Article
/
Project document
Affiliation country:
Chile
Institution/Affiliation country:
Universidad de Chile/CL
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