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Periodontopatías en jóvenes y adolescentes adictos a drogas psicoactivas, atendidos en el Centro de Deshabituación de Adolescentes, del municipio Playa / Periodontal diseases in young people and adolescents addicted to psychoactive drugs and attended in the Center for Treatment of Drug Dependency in Adolescents, Playa Municipality
Ruiz Candina, Héctor; Herrera Batista, Aleida; Martínez Betancourt, Ayní.
Affiliation
  • Ruiz Candina, Héctor; Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana. La Habana. CU
  • Herrera Batista, Aleida; Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana. La Habana. CU
  • Martínez Betancourt, Ayní; Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana. La Habana. CU
Rev. cuba. invest. bioméd ; 32(2): 178-185, abr.-jun. 2013.
Article in Es | LILACS | ID: lil-685979
Responsible library: CU1.1
RESUMEN

Introducción:

En las últimas décadas se ha incrementado el uso y abuso de drogas como el alcohol, el cannabis, la cocaína y el crack, en particular en determinados grupos sociales de especial vulnerabilidad. Por otra parte, no se han estudiado o se han estudiado muy poco las enfermedades de la cavidad bucal, con excepción del cáncer bucal, que pudieran ser consecuencia del uso y abuso del consumo de drogas tanto legales como ilegales, y en Cuba no se han realizado estudios sistemáticos sobre este tema.

Objetivo:

Determinar la relación entre el consumo de drogas psicoactivas y la existencia de periodontopatías en jóvenes y adolescentes tratados en el CDA.

Métodos:

Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal con el objetivo de determinar la incidencia de periodontopatías en adolescentes y jóvenes adictos tratados en el Centro de Deshabituación de Adolescentes (CDA) del Municipio Playa y que se encontraban en rehabilitación. Se analizaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes para determinar el o los tipos de drogas que consumían y el tiempo de consumo. Como método empírico se utilizó la encuesta EMTAJOVEN para determinar fumadores.

Resultados:

A pesar de que la mayoría de los adictos presentaban un índice de higiene bucal calificado de excelente, se encontró que 28 de los 43 adictos presentaban alguna modalidad de enfermedad periodontal como gingivitis leve, gingivitis moderada y gingivitis con bolsa; ninguno presentó periodontitis. Se comprobó que 35 de los 43 pacientes eran fumadores y 20 de los 28 portadores de gingivitis.

Conclusiones:

Se concluye que la causa de las diferentes formas de gingivitis presente en estos pacientes no siempre es imputable a la mala higiene bucal y que pudiera deberse a la drogodependencia, en particular el tabaquismo
ABSTRACT

Background:

The use and abuse of drugs such as alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, and crack has increased in the last decades, particularly in determined social groups of special vulnerability. On the other hand, the diseases of the oral cavity, except mouth cancer, have not been studied or have been little studied and these diseases could be a consequence of both legal or illegal use and abuse of drug consumption. Also, systematic studies have not been conducted in Cuba about this topic.

Objective:

To determine the relation between the consumption of psychoactive drugs and the existence of periodontal diseases in young people and adolescents treated in the Center for Treatment of Drug Dependency in Adolescents (CDA).

Methods:

An observational descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in order to determine the incidence of periodontal diseases in adolescents and young addicts treated in the Center for Treatment of Drug Dependency in Adolescents (CDA) in Playa Municipality who were under rehabilitation. The clinical histories of patients were analyzed to determine the types of drugs they used to consume and the time of consumption. As an empirical method, The EMTAJOVEN survey was used to determine smokers.

Results:

Despite the majority of addicts presented an oral hygiene index which was considered excellent, it was found that 28 of the 43 addicts presented some type of periodontal disease such as mild gingivitis, moderate gingivitis, and periodontal pockets associated with gingivitis; none of them had periodontitis. It was confirmed that 35 of the 43 patients were smokers and 20 of the 28 ones had gingivitis.

Conclusions:

It is concluded that the cause of the different forms of gingivitis present in these patients is not always attributable to a bad oral hygiene, but it could be a consequence of drug dependence, particularly, smoking
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Full text: 1 Index: LILACS Main subject: Periodontal Diseases / Alcohol Drinking / Substance-Related Disorders / Gingivitis Type of study: Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limits: Adolescent Language: Es Journal: Rev. cuba. invest. bioméd Journal subject: MEDICINA Year: 2013 Type: Article
Full text: 1 Index: LILACS Main subject: Periodontal Diseases / Alcohol Drinking / Substance-Related Disorders / Gingivitis Type of study: Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limits: Adolescent Language: Es Journal: Rev. cuba. invest. bioméd Journal subject: MEDICINA Year: 2013 Type: Article