Experiência de c rie e doen‡a periodontal em crian‡as e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral / Dental caries and periodontal disease in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy

RESUMO

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os fatores associados … experiˆncia de c rie e doen‡a periodontal em crian‡as e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral (PC). Foram inclu¡dos neste estudo 70 crian‡as e adolescentes com PC, de ambos os sexos, na faixa et ria de 6 a 19 anos de idade. As vari veis estudadas foram idade, sexo, escolaridade, classifica‡ães da PC, GMFCS, uso de medicamentos, motricidade oral e consistˆncia da dieta. A experiˆncia de c rie foi avaliada pelo ¡ndice CPO-D, as condi‡ães periodontais pelo ¡ndice de higiene oral simplificado (IHO-S) e sangramento gengival … sondagem. Os exames epidemiol¢gicos foram realizados por uma £nica examinadora calibrada (Kappa = 0,97). Foram realizadas an lises univariada e multivariada, com n¡vel de significƒncia de 5%. A maioria dos participantes deste estudo era do sexo masculino (n=40, 57,1%), com PC do tipo esp stica (n=56, 80%), tetrapl‚gicos (n=50, 71,4%), GMFCS n¡vel V (n=41, 58,5%), com motricidade oral funcional (n=28, 40%). Faziam uso de anticonvulsivantes (n=31, 44,2%) e consumiam dieta s¢lida (n=38, 54,2%). O ¡ndice m‚dio de CPO-D = 3,8, sendo que a maioria dos participantes apresentava CPO-D=0 (n=45, 64,3%) e a presen‡a de sangramento gengival observada em 48 dos avaliados foi de 68,6%. O aumento da idade e a ingestÆo de dieta semi-s¢lida aumentam as chances desses indiv¡duos apresentarem maiores valores de experiˆncia de c rie. A presen‡a de maior comprometimento motor expresso pelo GMFCS foi n¡vel V, motricidade oral semifuncional e uso de anticonvulsivantes aumentam a frequˆncia de sangramento gengival em crian‡as e adolescentes com PC.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with dental caries and periodontal disease in children and adolescents with CP. The study included 70 children and adolescents with CP, of both sexes aged from 6 to 19 years old. The studied variables were age, sex, education, and ratings of PC, GMFCS, medications, oral motor, and consistency of the diet. Caries were assessed by the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT); and periodontal conditions by the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S) and bleeding on probing. The epidemiological exam was performed by a single calibrated researcher (kappa = .97). We performed univariate and multivariate analyzes, with a significance level of 5%. Most participants of the study were male (n = 40, 57.1%), with CP spastic type (n = 56, 80%), tetraplegia (n = 50, 71.4%), GMFCS level V (n = 41, 58.5%) with oral motor function (n = 28, 40%). Patients of anticonvulsants (n = 31, 44.2%) and were on a solid diet (n = 38, 54.2%). The average DMFT = 3.8, the majority of the patients t had DMFT = 0 (n = 45, 64.3%) gingival bleeding was observed in 48 patients (68.6%). Increasing age and intake of semisolid increase the chances of these individuals presenting higher values of caries experience. Greater motor impairment expressed by GMFCS was level V, oral motor semi-functional, and anticonvulsants increase the frequency of gingival bleeding in children and adolescents with CP.