A Study on Prevalence, Clinical Features and Organ Damage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) with Special Reference to Metabolic Profile

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an Autoimmune Disorder with broad spectrum of clinical presentation and is associated with increased prevalence of Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular events. Metabolic Abnormality, when present in SLE patients increases proinflammatory condition and increased Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of Metabolic Abnormality in SLE patients and to analyze the association with clinical and Demographic Factors. Methods: The study was a single center, hospital based, prospective, observational study for a span of one and a half years over one hundred patients. SLE was diagnosed by revised American Rheumatology Association Criteria for SLE and Metabolic Syndrome by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) Criteria. Data analyzed with SPSS 23.0 software. Results: The Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) was prevalent in SLE patients (56%). A statistically significant association is detected between MetS and SLE related variables - Serositis, Cutaneous manifestations, Oral Ulcer, Arthralgia, but no significant association found between MetS and QoL (Quality of Life) related variables like Age, Sex. The MetS components, Hypertension, Diabetes and Hypertriglyceridemia were significantly more prevalent in SLE. Conclusion: MetS contributes to long term Cardiovascular risk in SLE patients and thus identifying MetS can contribute to major benefit towards management of IHD risk.