Application of gelatin methacryloyl as a three-dimensional cell culture scaffold in bone tissue engineering / 中国组织工程研究

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:The treatment of bone defects has always been a pressing clinical challenge for medical practitioners.The use of gelatin methacryloyl for three-dimensional extracellular cultivation offers a promising direction for the treatment of extensive bone defects. OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress of gelatin methacryloyl as a three-dimensional cell culture scaffold in bone tissue engineering,aiming to provide further references for clinical bone defect repair. METHODS:Computerized searches were conducted on the CNKI and PubMed databases for articles published from January 1986 to August 2023.The search terms in Chinese and English were"bone defect,bone tissue engineering,biomaterial scaffold,hydrogel,photocrosslinked hydrogel,gelatin methacryloyl,three-dimensional culture,cell culture"and"bone defect,bone tissue engineering,biomaterial scaffold,hydrogel,gelatin methacryloyl,three-dimensional culture,cell culture",respectively.Finally,68 articles were included for review and analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)When compared to two-dimensional culture techniques,three-dimensional culture can construct a three-dimensional space under aseptic conditions,more effectively simulating the in vivo environment.It provides cells with the appropriate temperature,pH,and sufficient nutrients,allowing cells to grow and proliferate normally outside the body while maintaining their regular structure and function,offering unique advantages.(2)In the realm of bone tissue engineering,hydrogels stand out as the preferred choice for biomaterial scaffolds.Their excellent biocompatibility,degradability,and inherent three-dimensional network structure make them invaluable in bone regeneration studies.(3)The physical and biological properties of gelatin methacryloyl are influenced by factors such as concentration,light exposure duration,type of photoinitiator,and the overall reaction system.These properties can affect cell adhesion,growth,and proliferation,and even the morphology and function of cells.(4)Gelatin methacryloyl,recognized for its excellent biocompatibility,tunable physical properties,injectability,and photosensitivity,has been extensively used in three-dimensional cell encapsulation,three-dimensional bioprinting,and stereolithography techniques based on digital light processing in three-dimensional cell culture systems.(5)Utilizing a range of composite gelatin methacryloyl in three-dimensional cell culture can significantly promote vascularization and bone regeneration,paving the way for enhanced clinical solutions to bone defects.(6)At present,there is a noticeable gap in standardized guidelines concerning the sources,synthesis methods,and safety of gelatin methacryloyl.It is crucial to intensify research efforts to optimize gelatin methacryloyl's application in the three-dimensional cell culture field.