A young child of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis presenting with epilepsia partialis continua: the first pediatric case in Korea / 소아과
Korean Journal of Pediatrics
; : S133-S138, 2016.
Article
in En
| WPRIM
| ID: wpr-118690
Responsible library:
WPRO
ABSTRACT
Anti-N-methyl D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis, recently recognized as a form of paraneoplastic encephalitis, is characterized by a prodromal phase of unspecific illness with fever that resembles a viral disease. The prodromal phase is followed by seizures, disturbed consciousness, psychiatric features, prominent abnormal movements, and autonomic imbalance. Here, we report a case of anti-NMDAR encephalitis with initial symptoms of epilepsia partialis continua in the absence of tumor. Briefly, a 3-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital due to right-sided, complex partial seizures without preceding febrile illness. The seizures evolved into epilepsia partialis continua and were accompanied by epileptiform discharges from the left frontal area. Three weeks after admission, the patient's seizures were reduced with antiepileptic drugs; however, she developed sleep disturbances, cognitive decline, noticeable oro-lingual-facial dyskinesia, and choreoathetoid movements. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis was confirmed by positive detection of NMDAR antibodies in the patient's serum and cerebrospinal fluid, and her condition slowly improved with immunoglobulin, methylprednisolone, and rituximab. At present, the patient is no longer taking multiple antiepileptic or antihypertensive drugs. Moreover, the patient showed gradual improvement of motor and cognitive function. This case serves as an example that a diagnosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis should be considered when children with uncontrolled seizures develop dyskinesias without evidence of malignant tumor. In these cases, aggressive immunotherapies are needed to improve the outcome of anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
Key words
Full text:
1
Index:
WPRIM
Main subject:
Seizures
/
Virus Diseases
/
Immunoglobulins
/
Methylprednisolone
/
Cerebrospinal Fluid
/
Epilepsia Partialis Continua
/
Cognition
/
Consciousness
/
Dyskinesias
/
D-Aspartic Acid
Type of study:
Diagnostic_studies
Limits:
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Female
/
Humans
Country/Region as subject:
Asia
Language:
En
Journal:
Korean Journal of Pediatrics
Year:
2016
Type:
Article