Lysophosphatidic acid receptors and the downstream signaling pathways in regulation of cardiac cell growth / 生理学报

ABSTRACT

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive phospholipid messenger with multiple biological functions, including induction of neurite retraction, stress fiber formation, promotion of platelet aggregation and stimulation of smooth muscle contraction and cell proliferation. LPA exerts various biological functions through G protein-coupled receptors and the downstream cellular signaling pathways. LPA and its receptors may also play important roles in the heart since several LPA receptor subtypes exist in the heart and especially the level of LPA1 subtype is the second highest, just lower than that in the brain. The review was focused on 5 subtypes of LPA receptor, mainly on their tissue expression pattern, coupled G proteins and signal pathways, as well as the roles of LPA and its receptors in regulation of cardiac cell growth.