Isolation, purification and preservation of adipose-derived stem cells：research progress and future development / 中国组织工程研究

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:In 2001, Zuk et al found adipose-derived stem cels (ASCs) from the aspirate of liposuction for the first time, which launched a new era of stem cel research. In recent years, stem cels have been proved to widely exist in many tissues and organs. ASCs are always in the spotlight of plastic and reconstructive surgery, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine because of extensive sources and simple isolation. OBJECTIVE: To review the fat tissue harvesting and ASCs isolation, purification, expansion, and cryopreservation, to discuss the main factors which influence the yield, proliferation capacity and differentiation potential of ASCs, and to predict the future research interests based on current issues. METHODS:On September 10th, 2015, relevant articles were searched in PubMed using the folowing format (adipose stem cels[Title]) OR (adipose-derived stem cels[Title]) OR (adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels[Title]) and in SinoMed using the folowing format in Chinese (“adipose-derived stem cels” [Title])or(“adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels”[Title]). Finaly, 81 representative articles were included according to their titles and abstracts. In this review, we also introduced relevant experience about the aforementioned procedures from the Department of Plastic Surgery and Tissue Regeneration and Molecular Cel Engineering Lab of University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The widely dispersed fat tissues potentialy provide abundant stem cels for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Liposuction is a mini-invasive approach for harvesting fat tissues. Colagenase digestion is the major method for ASCs isolation due to its simplicity and high yield in basic research. However, clinical fat transplantation without ASCs isolation or non-colagenase isolation of stromal vascular fraction or ASCs is preferred. The phenotype, proliferation and differentiation capacity of ASCs may be affected by several factors during the fat tissue harvesting and ASCs isolation. Therefore, a standard protocol for ASCs isolation is needed.