Clinical classification,risk factors assessment and drug treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in children / 中国实用儿科杂志

ABSTRACT

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM)is mainly hereditary heart disease caused by gene mutation encoding cardiac sarcomere protein. HCM is the main cause of sudden cardiac death in athletes and adolescents. The clinical manifestations of HCM in children are complex and varied,including being asymptomatic,exercise intolerance,syncope,and sudden death,etc. Labor dyspnea and chest pain are the most common symptoms in older children. The diagnosis of HCM in children is mainly based on imaging examination,which can be divided clinically into three types:obstructive,non-obstructive and occult obstructive. Risk factors were assessed according to the patient's age,clinical symptoms,imaging findings and family history to guide further treatment,management and prognosis.Drug therapy mainly includes beta blockers,non-dihydropyridine calcium antagonists and other anti-arrhythmic drugs,as well as anticoagulants,diuretics and other applications. For those who are not satisfied with the effect of drug treatment,implantable cardioverter defibrillator(ICD)or surgical treatment can be used. In recent years,with the development of gene detection,the diagnosis of HCM in children is more refined and the treatment is accurate.