Late detection of newly reported AIDS cases and its influencing factors in Changshu City of Jiangsu Province from 2015 to 2019 / 上海预防医学

ABSTRACT

Objective To understand the late detection of new HIV/AIDS cases in Changshu City from 2015 to 2019， and to provide scientific basis for AIDS prevention and control. Methods The newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Changshu City from 2015 to 2019 were collected through the “information system for integrated prevention and treatment of AIDS”. According to the criteria for late detection of HIV/AIDS， the influencing factors of late detection of HIV/AIDS were verified and the relevant epidemiological analysis was carried out. Results A total of 423 cases of HIV/AIDS were reported in Changshu City from 2015 to 2019， and the average incidence rate was 4.33/105. The overall incidence rate did not show a downward trend （χ2trend=3.543， P=0.060）. The incidence rate of males （7.35/105） was higher than that of females （0.93/105）. The trend of incidence rate in males was significantly decreased （χ2trend=6.264， P=0.012）， but it did not have a significant change in females （χ2trend=1.717， P=0.190）. The average annual HIV/AIDS late detection rate was 23.88% （101/423）， with the highest in 2015 （33.68%） and the lowest in 2017 （12.94%）.It showed a valley distribution pattern with first decline and then rise. The difference in HIV/AIDS late detection rate in recent five years was statistically significant （χ2=17.087， P=0.002）. At the end of the report， the proportion of male patients （89.11%） was higher than that of females （10.89%）， and nearly half （46.53%） of the patients were in elderly group aged 50 years old （46.53%）. Patients with local registered residence （58.42%） had higher late detection rate than those with foreign household registration （41.58）. Most the patients were junior high school educated （36.63%）， followed by primary school （26.73%） and senior high school （21.78%）. 68.32% of the patients were married and had a spouse. The top three occupations in patients were farmers （24.75%）， workers （24.75%） and business services （22.77%）， and the other occupations accounted for less than 10%. Most of the HIV positive samples were from other diseases （36.63%）， followed by testing consultation （29.70%） and preoperative testing （16.83%）. 77.23% of the late detection patients had no history of sexual diseases. Late detection in homosexuals （57.43%） were higher than that in heterosexuals （42.57%）. Conclusion The late detection rate of HIV/AIDS in Changshu City in recent five years showed a downward trend and then an upward trend. In the future， we should focus on the elderly， MSM， young students and other high-risk groups of HIV infection， strengthen health education and publicity， expand the scope of HIV testing， improve the ability of early detection， and effectively reduce the risk of HIV transmission.