The surge of dengue cases during COVID-19 in Indonesia

ABSTRACT

Most healthcare resources in Indonesia have been engulfed by COVID-19 pandemic, and less attention has been given to the rising cases of dengue that has been endemic in many areas of Indonesia. Present study aimed to review the immunopathogenesis of dengue and COVID-19 infection, as well as their prevention strategies. This study is a narrative review based on the research articles and reports published between 2010-2020. A total of 60 articles and reports were obtained and after careful consideration 49 articles and reports were used as references of this study. The immune response in Dengue virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections aims to eliminate the virus, but it causes an increase in inflammatory mediators (cytokine storm) which can increase vascular permeability and organ damage. Secondary infection of Dengue virus with different strains may allow the occurrence of antibody-dependent enhancement. The possibility of antibody-dependent enhancement in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection has been studied in vitro and in animal studies. Dengue virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections have antigenic similarities and trigger memory B cells. The cross reactions between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies and Dengue virus antigens may cause false positive on rapid dengue infection serological tests. The prevention and control of Dengue virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections are based on the transmission mode, and people should comply to the related health protocols. © 2020, Yerevan State Medical University. All rights reserved.