RESUMO
El gran consumo de arroz a nivel mundial es uno de los factores que favorece su implicación en brotes de origen alimentario y de uno de los patógenos más importantes ligado a este producto como el Bacillus cereus El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la calidad microbiológica de 50 muestras de arroz blanco cocido expendido en restaurantes de área Metropolitana de San José Costa Rica, incluyendo la determinación del recuento total aerobio mesófilo, Número Más Probable de coliformes totales, fecales y E. coli, B. cereus así como de detección de sus genes nheA, nheB, y nheC. Para el análisis bacteriológico se siguieron los procedimientos descritos en el Compendio de Métodos para el Examen Microbiológico de Alimentos y para la detección de los genes se utililzó un PCR múltiplex y la metodología descrita por Hansen et al., 2001. De las muestras analizadas 46% fueron positivas por coliformes totales, 34% por coliformes fecales, 16% por E. coli, 10% por B. cereus y un 8% por B. cereus toxigénico Lo anterior sugiere que el consumo de arroz blanco en restaurantes puede representar un riesgo para la salud pública y que es necesario implementar mejoras con el fin de brindarle al consumidor un producto inocuo y de mejor calidad.
Bacteriological quality and toxigenic Bacillus cereus detection in cooked white rice sold at the Metropolitan Area of San José, Costa Rica.. The wide use of rice is one of the factors that favors its implication in food borne diseases, and one of the most important pathogens associated to it is Bacillus cereus. The aim of this work was to evaluate the microbiological quality of 50 samples of white cooked rice sold in restaurants at the Metropolitan Area of San José, Costa Rica, including the determination of the total aerobic plate count, the Most Probable Number of total and fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli. MPN of Bacillus cereus and the detection of nheA, nheB and nHeC genes, associated to its toxicity, was also performed. Procedures described in the Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods were followed for the bacteriological analysis, multiplex PCR was used for the detection of genes following the methodology described by Hansen et al, 2001. 46% of the samples analysed were positive for total coliforms, 34% for fecal coliforms, 16% for E. coli and 10% for B. cereus, being 8% toxigenic. These facts suggest that white cooked rice may represent a risk for Pubic Health and that improvements shall be performed in order to offer a safe and high quality product to consumers.
Assuntos
Bacillus cereus/isolamento & purificação , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Oryza/microbiologia , Toxinas Bacterianas/genética , Toxinas Bacterianas/isolamento & purificação , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Culinária , Costa Rica , RestaurantesRESUMO
The wide use of rice is one of the factors that favors its implication in food borne diseases, and one of the most important pathogens associated to it is Bacillus cereus. The aim of this work was to evaluate the microbiological quality of 50 samples of white cooked rice sold in restaurants at the Metropolitan Area of San José, Costa Rica, including the determination of the total aerobic plate count, the Most Probable Number of total and fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli. MPN of Bacillus cereus and the detection of nheA, nheB and nHeC genes, associated to its toxicity, was also performed. Procedures described in the Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods were followed for the bacteriological analysis, multiplex PCR was used for the detection of genes following the methodology described by Hansen et al, 2001. 46% of the samples analysed were positive for total coliforms, 34% for fecal coliforms, 16% for E. coli and 10% for B. cereus, being 8% toxigenic. These facts suggest that white cooked rice may represent a risk for Pubic Health and that improvements shall be performed in order to offer a safe and high quality product to consumers.
Assuntos
Bacillus cereus/isolamento & purificação , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Oryza/microbiologia , Toxinas Bacterianas/genética , Toxinas Bacterianas/isolamento & purificação , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Culinária , Costa Rica , RestaurantesRESUMO
The effect of different types of probiotics present in yogurt over known populations of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enteritidis was evaluated. The three types of yogurt used were: without added probiotics, with added probiotics (Lactobacillus casei CRL_431 and L. acidophilus CRL_730 CHR HANSEN) and another one with the same probiotics mentioned above and Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR-35) culture. About 10(9) CFU/ mL of each potentially pathogenic bacteria was added to each type of yogurt tested, and kept in refrigeration at 4 degrees C during its shelf life, about 30 days. Bacterial count was done the initial day and every four days. Results obtained show that there is a difference in the inhibition between yogurts without added probiotics and the commercial yogurt with added probiotics; there is a clear inhibitory effect of the last one over S. aureus, E. coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. The yogurt with added probiotics and L. rhamnosus did not show any additional inhibitory effect over the bacteria tested when compared with the yogurt with added probiotics. S. enteritidis could not be evaluated because it was not detectable in any yogurt samples evaluated four days after its inoculation. This study confirms the antagonic effect of probiotic cultures over potentially pathogenic bacteria for human beings and animals that may be present in food. Nevertheless, the use of L. rhamnosus did not produce any additional inhibitory effect.