RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Dapsone has been the mainstay for the treatment of leprosy since its discovery in the 1940s. However, hematological disturbances are not uncommon in leprosy patients on daily dapsone therapy. Hence, the present study was conducted to document the hematologic alterations observed in lepromatous leprosy patients treated with Dapsone 100 mg daily. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted amongst 32 lepromatous leprosy patients treated with Dapsone 100 mg daily. A complete hemogram was conducted for all the study recruits. The test results were compared against the standard average values for adults for the given variables. The one sample t-test was employed to compare the difference between the study values and the standard normal values for adults. The statistical significance was considered at p < 0.05. RESULTS: The study reveals a marked decrease in hemoglobin concentration in patients on dapsone, 100 mg daily. Other hematological alterations found were reduced platelet count, reduced mean platelet volume, reduced Hematocrit, reduced Mean Corpuscular hemoglobin, reduced Mean Corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Treatment of lepromatous leprosy with 100 mg daily Dapsone therapy may lead to hematological alterations. These findings are suggestive of dapsone-induced hemolysis.
Assuntos
Dapsona/efeitos adversos , Hemoglobinas/efeitos dos fármacos , Hansenostáticos/efeitos adversos , Hanseníase Virchowiana/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos Transversais , Dapsona/administração & dosagem , Dapsona/uso terapêutico , Índices de Eritrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Hematócrito/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças Hematológicas/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Hematológicas/patologia , Hemólise , Humanos , Incidência , Índia/epidemiologia , Hansenostáticos/administração & dosagem , Hansenostáticos/uso terapêutico , Hanseníase Virchowiana/sangue , Hanseníase Virchowiana/epidemiologia , Masculino , Volume Plaquetário Médio/estatística & dados numéricos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Contagem de Plaquetas/estatística & dados numéricos , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
Leprosy is a bacterial infection causing severe disfigurement of the affected individual. It is considered as an ancient disease affecting humanity since thousands of years and also has tremendous stigma associated with it. It is known as a neglected tropical disease. In spite of all the efforts, the disease remains a major healthcare distress in many underdeveloped and developing countries like India and Brazil. Thus, to understand the disease and implement various strategies successfully, one need to understand the epidemiological aspect of the disease along with various operational factors influencing the epidemiological data. Thus, the present paper describes the various epidemiological facts and figures of leprosy along with the suggestions and measures to tackle this global ailment.
Assuntos
Hanseníase/epidemiologia , Hanseníase/microbiologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/fisiopatologia , Dermatopatias Bacterianas/patologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Feminino , História do Século XIX , Humanos , Incidência , Índia/epidemiologia , Hanseníase/história , Hanseníase/transmissão , Masculino , Mycobacterium leprae/isolamento & purificação , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/etiologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/microbiologia , Prevalência , Dermatopatias Bacterianas/etiologia , Dermatopatias Bacterianas/microbiologia , Estigma SocialRESUMO
The present review summarizes the current updates on dental perspectives on leprosy and the affording factors that are responsible for the prevalence of caries and periodontal diseases in leprosy. It also highlights immunopathological phenomena and reactional episodes of leprosy that occur due to daedal interactions between the perio-odontopathic bacteria and M. leprae. In addition, a brief introduction, historiography, classification and clinicopathological aspects are also been covered.