Assuntos
Eritema Nodoso/epidemiologia , Hanseníase Virchowiana/epidemiologia , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Humanos , Hanseníase Dimorfa/epidemiologia , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Hansenostáticos/uso terapêutico , Hanseníase/diagnóstico , Mycobacterium leprae/isolamento & purificação , Parestesia/etiologia , Pele/patologia , Idoso , Biópsia , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Humanos , Hanseníase/complicações , Hanseníase/tratamento farmacológico , Hanseníase/microbiologia , México , Parestesia/tratamento farmacológico , Pele/microbiologia , Texas , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
La lepra es una enfermedad granulomatosa crónica causada por una micobacteria (M. leprae) que presenta predisposición por la piel y los nervios periféricos. La lepra continúa siendo endémica en distintas regiones del mundo. La presentación clínica de la enfermedad depende del estado inmunológico del paciente al adquirirla y de la evolución de la misma. Es una infección que se asocia a discapacidad y marginación. El diagnóstico de lepra es clínico y se hace al tener uno o más de los signos cardinales establecidos por la OMS: máculas hipopigmentadas o eritematosas con disminución de la sensibilidad, engrosamiento de los nervios periféricos y la demostración de bacilos ácido alcohol resistentes en una baciloscopia o biopsia de piel, con pérdida de anexos en los sitios afectados. El tratamiento consta de tres fármacos: rifampicina, clofazimina y dapsona. Existen principalmente dos modalidades de tratamiento dependiendo de la presentación clínica del paciente: paucibacilar o multibacilar (AU)
Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium leprae. It primarily affects the skin and peripheral nerves and is still endemic in various regions of the world. Clinical presentation depends on the patient's immune status at the time of infection and during the course of the disease. Leprosy is associated with disability and marginalization. Diagnosis is clinical and is made when the patient has at least 1 of the following cardinal signs specified by the World Health Organization: hypopigmented or erythematous macules with sensory loss; thickened peripheral nerves; or positive acid-fast skin smear or skin biopsy with loss of adnexa at affected sites. Leprosy is treated with a multidrug combination of rifampicin, clofazimine, and dapsone. Two main regimens are used depending on whether the patient has paucibacillary or multibacillary disease (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Hanseníase/epidemiologia , Mycobacterium leprae/patogenicidade , Hanseníase Multibacilar/epidemiologia , Hanseníase Paucibacilar/epidemiologia , Estatísticas de Sequelas e IncapacidadeRESUMO
Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium leprae. It primarily affects the skin and peripheral nerves and is still endemic in various regions of the world. Clinical presentation depends on the patient's immune status at the time of infection and during the course of the disease. Leprosy is associated with disability and marginalization. Diagnosis is clinical and is made when the patient has at least 1 of the following cardinal signs specified by the World Health Organization: hypopigmented or erythematous macules with sensory loss; thickened peripheral nerves; or positive acid-fast skin smear or skin biopsy with loss of adnexa at affected sites. Leprosy is treated with a multidrug combination of rifampicin, clofazimine, and dapsone. Two main regimens are used depending on whether the patient has paucibacillary or multibacillary disease.