Patients' perceptions on the performance of a local health system to eliminate leprosy,Paraná State, Brazil.

BACKGROUND: In Brazil, leprosy has been listed among the health priorities since 2006, in a plan known as the "Pact for life" (Pacto pela Vida). It is the sole country on the American continent that has not reached the global goal of disease elimination. Local health systems face many challenges to achieve this global goal. The study aimed to investigate how patients perceive the local health system's performance to eliminate leprosy and whether these perceptions differ in terms of the patients' income. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Londrina, State of Paraná, Brazil. Interviews were performed with the leprosy patients. The local health system was assessed through a structured and adapted tool, considering the domains judged as good quality of health care. The authors used univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses. One hundred and nineteen patients were recruited for the study, 50.4% (60) of them were male, 54.0% (64) were between 42 and 65 years old and 66.3% (79) had finished elementary school. The results showed that patients used the Primary Health Care service near their place of residence but did not receive the leprosy diagnosis there. Important advances of this health system were verified for the elimination of leprosy, verifying protocols for good care delivery to the leprosy patients, but these services did not develop collective health actions and did not engage the patients' family members and community. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The patients' difficulty was observed to have access to the diagnosis and treatment at health services near their homes. Leprosy care is provided at the specialized level, where the patients strongly bond with the teams. The care process is individual, with limited perspectives of integration among the health services for the purpose of case management and social mobilization of the community to the leprosy problem.

Fatores associados às incapacidades em pacientes diagnosticados de Hanseníase: um estudo transversal / Factors associated with disabilities on patients diagnosed with Hansen’s disease: a cross-sectional study

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar os fatores associado sàs incapacidades em pacientes diagnosticados de hanseníase.Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico de corte transversal com dados oriundos dos municípios que compõem a 17ª Regional de Saúde do Estado do Paraná.Os dados foram obtidos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, sendo selecionados os casos diagnosticados de hanseníase entre 2009 e 2012. Para testar associação entre as incapacidades de hanseníase e as variáveis independentes recorreu-se ao teste qui-quadrado de proporções bicaudal. Fixou-se alpha em 5% (α= 0,05) como estatisticamente significativo. Foram identificados 245 casos de hanseníase diagnosticados, destes 129 (52,7%) eram do sexo masculino, com faixa etária acima dos 46 anos (n=103; 52,7%). Os fatores que apresentaram associação estatisticamente significativas comas incapacidades foram baixa escolaridade (p<0,001),idade avançada (p<0,001), ter sido transferido, reingresso ou recidivas (p=0,007). As incapacidades correspondem um problema importante no cenário investigado, verificando grupos mais acometidos por esse evento do que outros, assim esses primeiros devem ser priorizados em termos de oferta de ações e serviços de saúde.

This study aimed to analyze factors associated with disabilitieson patients diagnosed with Hansen’s disease.It was an epidemiological and cross-sectional study,which included data from municipalities of 17th HealthRegional Department of Paraná State. Data were gatheredthrough Information System for Notifiable Diseases(Sinan), being selected cases diagnosed with Hansen’sdisease between years 2009 and 2012. To analyze associationbetween Hansen’s disease disability degrees andindependent variables two-sided proportion chi-squarewas used. Alpha in 5% (α = 0,05) was defined as statisticallysignificant. Two hundred and forty five cases withHansen’s disease were identified to the study, of whose129 (52.7%) were male, aged 48 years old or older(n=103; 52,7%). Factors associated with Hansen’s diseasedisabilities were low level of schooling (p<0.001), old age(p<0.001), to be migrated, reentry and relapse (p=0.007).Hansen’s disease disabilities represent an important problemin scenario of study, observing groups more susceptibleto this event than others, therefore those firstshould be prioritized in terms of health actions offeringand health services.