One hundred eighteen taxonomic changes among Xyleborine ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae).

An ongoing study of the ambrosia beetle tribe Xyleborini has resulted in numerous taxonomic changes mostly representing new generic/species combinations which remove species from the once all-encompassing Xyleborus Eichhoff, 1864 to other genera based on revised taxonomic concepts. These changes are here listed. Terminalinus Hopkins, 1915 is removed from synonymy with Cyclorhipidion Hagedorn, 1912 and reinstated as a valid genus. Five species are removed from synonymy and reinstated as valid species: Amasa brevipennis (Schedl, 1971), Amasa fulgens (Schedl, 1975), Ambrosiophilus immitatrix (Schedl, 1975), Ambrosiophilus semirufus (Schedl, 1959), Microperus leprosulus (Schedl, 1936). The following 97 new or restored combinations are proposed: Ambrosiophilus bispinosulus (Schedl, 1961) comb. nov., Ambrosiophilus compressus (Lea, 1894) comb. nov., Ambrosiophilus latecompressus (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov., Ambrosiophilus pertortuosus (Schedl, 1942) comb. nov., Ambrosiophilus tomicoides (Eggers, 1923) comb. nov., Ambrosiophilus tortuosus (Schedl, 1942) comb. nov., Euwallacea obliquecauda (Motschulsky, 1863) comb. nov., all from Ambrosiodmus Hopkins, 1915; Coptodryas decepta (Schedl, 1979) comb. nov., Microperus pusillus (Eggers, 1927) comb. nov., both from Arixyleborus Hopkins, 1915; Coptodryas pseudopunctula (Schedl, 1942) comb. nov., from Cnestus Sampson, 1911; Microperus abbreviatus (Schedl, 1942) comb. nov., Microperus amphicauda (Browne, 1986) comb. nov., Microperus borneensis (Browne, 1986) comb. nov., Microperus comptus (Sampson, 1919) comb. nov., Microperus gorontalosus (Schedl, 1939) comb. nov., Microperus pullus (Schedl, 1952) comb. nov., Microperus tenellus (Schedl, 1959) comb. nov., Microperus vafer Schedl, 1957 comb. nov., all from Coptodryas Hopkins, 1915; Ambrosiophilus pityogenes (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov., Arixyleborus scapularis (Schedl, 1942) comb. nov., Beaverium dihingicum (Wood, 1992) comb. nov., Beaverium rufonitidus (Schedl, 1951) comb. nov., Coptodryas brevior (Eggers) comb. nov., Terminalinus dipterocarpi Hopkins, 1915 comb. res., Terminalinus sexspinatus (Schedl, 1935) comb. nov., Terminalinus terminaliae (Hopkins, 1915) comb. res., Truncaudum leverensis (Browne, 1986) comb. nov., all from Cyclorhipidion Hagedorn, 1912; Planiculus kororensis (Wood, 1960) comb. nov., Planiculus loricatus (Schedl, 1933) comb. nov., Planiculus murudensis (Browne, 1965) comb. nov., all from Euwallacea Reitter, 1915; Terminalinus anisopterae (Browne, 1983) comb. nov., Terminalinus indigens (Schedl, 1955) comb. nov., Terminalinus macropterus (Schedl, 1935) comb. nov., Terminalinus major (Stebbing, 1909) comb. nov., Terminalinus pilifer (Eggers, 1923) comb. nov., Terminalinus posticepilosus (Schedl, 1951) comb. res., Terminalinus pseudopilifer (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov., Terminalinus sulcinoides (Schedl, 1974) comb. nov., all from Fortiborus Hulcr & Cognato, 2010; Microperus micrographus (Schedl, 1958) comb. nov., Microperus truncatipennis (Schedl, 1961) comb. nov., both from Xyleborinus Reitter, 1913; Ambrosiophilus immitatrix (Schedl, 1975) comb. nov., Ambrosiophilus semirufus (Schedl, 1959) comb. nov., Arixyleborus crenulatus (Eggers, 1920) comb. nov., Arixyleborus strombosiopsis (Schedl, 1957) comb. nov., Beaverium batoensis (Eggers, 1923) comb. nov., Beaverium calvus (Schedl, 1942) comb. nov., Beaverium obstipus (Schedl, 1935) comb. nov., Beaverium rufus (Schedl, 1951) comb. nov., Coptodryas cuneola (Eggers, 1927) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion amanicum (Hagedorn, 1910) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion impar (Eggers, 1927) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion inaequale (Schedl, 1934) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion kajangensis (Schedl, 1942) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion obiensis (Browne, 1980) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion obtusatum (Schedl, 1972) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion perpunctatum (Schedl, 1971) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion repositum (Schedl) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion separandum (Schedl, 1971) comb. nov., Debus abscissus (Browne, 1974) comb. nov., Debus amplexicauda (Hagedorn, 1910) comb. nov., Debus armillatus (Schedl, 1933) comb. nov., Debus balbalanus (Eggers 1927) comb. nov., Debus blandus (Schedl, 1954) comb. nov., Debus cavatus (Browne, 1980) comb. nov., Debus cylindromorphus (Eggers, 1927) comb. nov., Debus dentatus (Blandford, 1895) comb. nov., Debus excavus (Schedl, 1964) comb. nov., Debus fischeri (Hagedorn, 1908) comb. nov., Debus hatanakai (Browne, 1983) comb. nov., Debus insitivus (Schedl, 1959) comb. nov., Debus persimilis (Eggers, 1927) comb. nov., Debus subdentatus (Browne, 1974) comb. nov., Debus trispinatus (Browne, 1981) comb. nov., Diuncus taxicornis (Schedl, 1971) comb. nov., Euwallacea agathis (Browne, 1984) comb. nov., Euwallacea assimilis (Eggers, 1927) comb. nov., Euwallacea bryanti (Sampson, 1919) comb. nov., Euwallacea latecarinatus (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov., Euwallacea pseudorudis (Schedl, 1951) comb. nov., Euwallacea semipolitus (Schedl, 1951) comb. nov., Euwallacea temetiuicus (Beeson, 1935) comb. nov., Immanus duploarmatus (Browne, 1962) comb. nov., Leptoxyleborus sublinearis (Eggers, 1940) comb. nov., Peridryocoetes pinguis (Browne, 1983) (Dryocoetini) comb. nov., Stictodex halli (Schedl, 1954) comb. nov., Stictodex rimulosus (Schedl, 1959) comb. nov., Terminalinus granurum (Browne, 1980) comb. nov., Terminalinus indonesianus (Browne, 1984) comb. nov., Terminalinus moluccanus (Browne, 1985) comb. nov., Terminalinus pseudomajor (Schedl, 1951) comb. nov., Terminalinus sublongus (Eggers, 1927) comb. nov., Terminalinus takeharai (Browne) comb. nov., Terminalinus xanthophyllus (Schedl, 1942) comb. res., Tricosa abberrans (Schedl, 1959) comb. nov., Xenoxylebora truncatula (Schedl, 1957) comb. nov., Xyleborinus figuratus (Schedl, 1959) comb. nov., Xylosandrus cancellatus (Eggers, 1936) comb. nov., all from Xyleborus. Fifteen new synonyms are proposed: Anisandrus ursulus (Eggers, 1923)(= Xyleborus lativentris Schedl, 1942 syn. nov.); Cyclorhipidion amanicus (Hagedorn, 1910)(= Xyleborus jongaensis Schedl, 1941 syn. nov.); Cyclorhipidion bodoanum (Reitter, 1913) (= Xyleborus takinoyensis Murayama, 1953 syn. nov.); Cyclorhipidion pelliculosum (Eichhoff, 1878) (= Xyleborus okinosenensis Murayama, 1961 syn. nov.); Cyclorhipidion repositum (Schedl, 1942) (= Xyleborus pruinosulus Browne, 1979 syn. nov.); Debus persimilis (Eggers, 1927) (= Xyleborus subdolosus Schedl, 1942c syn. nov.); Debus robustipennis (Schedl, 1954) (= Xyleborus interponens Schedl, 1954 syn. nov.); Euwallacea destruens (Blandford, 1896) (= Xyleborus procerior Schedl, 1942 syn. nov.); Euwallacea nigrosetosus (Schedl, 1939) (= Xyleborus nigripennis Schedl, 1951 syn. nov.); Euwallacea siporanus (Hagedorn, 1910) (= Xyleborus perakensis Schedl, 1942 syn. nov.); Microperus quercicola (Eggers, 1926) (= Xyleborus semistriatus Schedl, 1971 syn. nov.); Stictodex dimidiatus (Eggers, 1927) (= Xyleborus spicatus Browne, 1986 syn. nov.); Stictodex halli (Schedl, 1954) (= Xyleborus cuspidus Schedl, 1975 syn. nov.); Terminalinus Hopkins, 1915 (= Fortiborus Hulcr & Cognato 2010 syn. nov.); Terminalinus moluccanus (Browne, 1985) (= Xyleborus teminabani Browne, 1986 syn. nov.).

Review of the genus Lesteva Latreille, 1797 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Omaliinae: Anthophagini) of the Iberian Peninsula.

New taxonomic, diagnostic, and faunistic data for twelve species of the genus Lesteva Latreille, 1797 of the Iberian Peninsula and adjacent territories are provided. Six species are (re-) described and illustrated: L. (s.str.) aterrima Lohse, 1967, L. (s.str.) balearica Lohse, 1967, L. (s.str.) lusitana Lohse, 1955, L. (s.str.) mariei Jarrige, 1963, L. (s.str.) mateui Jarrige, 1954, and L. (s.str.) osellai Zanetti Shavrin, sp.n. (Portugal, Spain). The following new synonymies are established: L. (s.str.) fontinalis Kiesenwetter, 1850 = L. (s.str.) fontinalis gustavi Herman, 2001 syn.n., L. (s.str.) mateui = L. cazorlana Lohse, 1987 syn.n., L. (s.str.) pubescens Mannerheim, 1830 = L. fageli Lohse, 1960 syn.n. A lectotype is designated for L. (s.str.) fontinalis. Images of habitus and aedeagi of L. (s.str.) aterrima, L. (s.str.) balearica, L. (s.str.) cazorlana, L. (s.str.) fontinalis, L. (s.str.) hanseni Lohse, 1953, L. (s.str.) mariei Jarrige, 1963, and L. (s.str.) pubescens are provided. A key to the species of Portugal and Spain, and a distributional map for some species are provided. New records are reported for L. (Lestevina) sicula heeri Fauvel, 1871 from Morocco, L. (s.str.) hanseni Lohse, 1953 and L. (s.str.) pubescens from Portugal, and L. (s.str.) mariei from Spain.

Description of Laccobius (s. str.) shengshanensis sp. n. from China (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae).

The subgenus Laccobius (s. str.) Erichson, 1837 includes 25 species which are distributed in Palearctic (10 species) and Nearctic (15 species) regions (Hansen, 1999). The subgenus is characterized by the following diagnostic features: eyes in dorsal view nearly circular or slightly oval; hind tibiae evidently curved; elytral punctures arranged in about 20 longitudinal rows and all elytral punctures alike; and the mesoventral keel normally without lateral spurs, sometimes with a central swelling (Gentili, 1995).

Two new species and additional faunistic records of Cercyon Leach, 1817 from China (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae).

Two new species of Cercyon Leach, 1817 are described from China: Cercyon (s.str.) bellus sp. nov. from Hebei, Hubei, and Jiangxi Provinces, and Cercyon (s.str.) biltoni sp. nov. from Sichuan. Five species are recorded from China for the first time: Cercyon (Acycreon) punctiger Knisch, 1921, Cercyon (Paracercyon) analis Seidlitz, 1888, Cercyon (s.str.) algarum Sharp, 1973, Cercyon (s.str.) borealis Baranowski, 1985, Cercyon (s.str.) tristis (Illiger, 1801). Additional faunistic data from China are provided for Cercyon (s.str.) alinae Ryndevich, 2004, Cercyon (s.str.) inquinatus Wollaston, 1854, Cercyon (s.str.) kabaki Ryndevich, 2004, Cercyon (s.str.) olibrus Sharp, 1874, Cercyon (s.str.) ovillus Motschulsky, 1860, Cercyon (Clinocercyon) incretus d'Orchymont, 1941, Cercyon (Clinocercyon) hanseni Jia, Fikácek Ryndevich, 2011 and Cercyon (Paracercyon) honorabilis Shatrovskiy, 1999. A checklist to all species of the genus known from China is provided.

Neotropical Leaf Litter Beetle Genus Motonerus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): New Species, Distribution Data, and Description of Third Instar Larva.

Numerous new material of the genus Motonerus Hansen, 1989 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Sphaeridiinae) was examined over the past decade, resulting in the discovery of several undescribed species as well as new distributional records for most of the previously described species. Three species are here described as new: Motonerus explanatus sp. nov. (Panama), M. inca sp. nov. (Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia) and M. sofiae sp. nov. (Peru). New country records are provided for M. depressus Fikácek & Short (new for Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia), M. hanseni Fikácek & Short (new for Panama) and M. problematicus Fikácek & Short (new for Panama). An updated identification key and distributional maps are provided for all species, along with complete occurrence data in a DarwinCore formatted file. Potential distribution of the genus is modeled using the maximum entropy approach. Wing morphology is examined in detail, which revealed most species are macropterous, with M. andersoni Fikácek & Short being brachypterous, and M. apterus Fikácek & Short, M. oosternoides Fikácek & Short, and M. explanatus sp. nov. micropterous. The third instar of the putative larva of M. obscurus Hansen is briefly described based on larvae collected in association with adults.

A new species and a new record of Pelthydrus Orchymont, 1919 from Yunnan, China (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilinae).

The members of the genus Pelthydrus are small-sized aquatic beetles which belong to the water scavenger beetle family Hydrophilidae. At present the lineage includes 63 valid species mainly occurring in Asia, with 21 known from China (Bian et al. 2008, 2009; Hansen 1999; Schönmann 1995). One new species is described here, which belongs to the Pelthydrus sculpturatus species group, bringing the total number of species within the group to seven (Schönmann 1995). One additional species is reported from China for the first time. Specimens were collected from Yunnan Province and are deposited in IAECAS (Institute of Applied Ecology, Shenyang, Chinese Academy of Sciences).

Hypogean presumably sister species Quedius repentinus sp. n. from Altai and Q. roma from Sikhote-Alin (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae): a disjunct distribution or poorly sampled Siberia?

Quedius (Microsaurus) repentinus sp. n., a new hypogean montane talus-associated species from Altai is described and considered sister to the morphologically and bionomically similar Q. (M.) roma Solodovnikov et Hansen, 2016 from Sikhote-Alin. Both species seem more closely related to the Q. (M.) przewalskii species group from the mountains of China than to the Q. (M.) mutilatus species group from Tien-Shan. The identity of Q. (M.) przewalskii Reitter, 1887, a core of the respective species group, is clarified by re-examination of the holotype. The broad gap between the distributions of Quedius repentinus and Q. roma is either a noteworthy biogeographic fact pending explanation, or an artefact resulting from poor sampling pending additional records and new species discovery. Inadequate knowledge of the actual diversity and the distributions of the montane hypogean Quedius of the Russian Asia are illustrated by another new hypogean species from Altai. That species, so far known from a single female only, is here reported but not formally described.

Paederus dermatitis.

Paederus dermatitis is an irritant dermatitis caused by pederin, a toxin produced by the rove beetle (Paederus). The disease occurs worldwide, but it is often not recognized as a history of contact with the insect is frequently absent. It is commonly seen in the rainy season. Crushing the insect releases pederin, resulting in the characteristic linear lesions with a burning sensation that heal with hyperpigmentation. Treatment comprises immediate washing of the area to eliminate the toxin and topical application of a topical steroid-antibiotic combination. Preventive measures may include reducing the insect population in the surroundings, avoiding contact of insects with the skin, minimizing the lesions after contact. Awareness of the etiology and clinical manifestations makes it easier to suspect this condition even in the absence of a history of exposure to the insect. We present a comprehensive review of the etiopathogenesis, pathology, clinical features, treatment and prevention of Paederus dermatitis and also review the biology of the insect and its behavior.

Redescription and lectotype designation of Chasmogenus abnormalis (Sharp), with notes on its distribution.

Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 is a relatively small genus of 43 described species of aquatic beetles assigned to the subfamily Acidocerinae of Hydrophilidae (Hansen 1999; Short & Hebauer 2006; Short & Fikácek 2011, 2013; Clarkson & Ferreira-Jr. 2014). It is distributed in all zoogeographic regions except the Nearctic, with the highest species richness known from the Afrotropical (18 spp.) and Neotropical (15 spp.) Regions. Only four species have been described from the Oriental Region: C. abnormalis (Sharp, 1890), C. rubricollis (Régimbart, 1903), C. larsi Hebauer, 1995, and C. cattienus Hebauer, 2002. Of these, only C. abnormalis was recorded multiple times after its description.

Two new species and nomenclatural changes in the Cis castaneus species group (Coleoptera, Ciidae).

Cis hanseni A. Strand, 1965 is a junior synonym of Cis matchanus Reitter, 1915 stat. nov. The lectotype for Cis matchanus Reitter, 1915 is designated and illustrated, together with its original data labels. Two new species-Cis lasoni sp. nov. and Cis lugowoji sp. nov. from the Talysh and Alborz Mts. (Azerbaijan, Iran)-are described. The body and terminalia of males are illustrated in detail. The definition of the Cis castaneus species group is discussed.

Notes on the Australian Anacaenini (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): description of male of Phelea breviceps Hansen and unravelling the identity of Crenitis neogallica Gentili.

The holotype and additional specimens of the Tasmanian endemic Phelea breviceps Hansen, 1999, and the holotype of Crenitis neogallica Gentili, 1996 were examined in order to explore their generic and tribal placement. The morphology of Phelea is illustrated in detail, its male genitalia are described for the first time, and it is confirmed as a member of Anacaenini, sharing numerous characters with Crenitis Bedel, 1881 and the New Zealand endemic Horelophus walkeri Orchymont, 1913. Crenitis neogallica is removed from Anacaenini and transferred to the rygmodine genus Pseudohydrobius Blackburn, 1898 (as Pseudohydrobius neogallicus (Gentili, 1996) comb. nov.) and its holotype is illustrated. The genus Crenitis is hence removed from the Australian fauna.

A revision of Megagraphydrus Hansen (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): synonymization with Agraphydrus Régimbart and description of seven new species.

The genus Megagraphydrus Hansen, 1999 is revised. Eleven of the twelve previously described species are recognized as valid, with Megagraphydrus wangi Hebauer, 2000 syn. nov. found to be a junior synonym of M. politus Hansen, 1999. Most significantly, Megagraphydrus itself is found to be a junior synonym of Agraphydrus Régimbart, 1903. The species are assigned to the subgenus Agraphydrus. This nomenclatural act results in the following new combinations: Agraphydrus (Agraphydrus) anhuianus (Hebauer, 2000) comb. nov., A. (A.) attenuatus (Hansen, 1999) comb. nov., A. (A.) jaechi (Hansen, 1999) comb. nov., A. (A.) luteilateralis (Minoshima & Fujiwara, 2009) comb. nov., A. (A.) malayanus (Hebauer, 2000) comb. nov., A. (A.) politus (Hansen, 1999) comb. nov., A. (A.) puzhelongi (Jia, 2010) comb. nov., A. (A.) regularis (Hansen, 1999) comb. nov., A. (A.) siamensis (Hansen, 1999) comb. nov., A. (A.) superans (Hebauer, 2000) comb. nov., and A. (A.) uvaensis (Hebauer, 2000) comb. nov. All species are redescribed with the exclusion of A. superans, A. luteilateralis, and A. puzhelongi. Seven new species are described: Agraphydrus (Agraphydrus) biprojectus sp. nov., A. (A.) coronarius sp. nov., A. (A.) decipiens sp. nov., A. (A.) insidiator sp. nov., A. (A.) masatakai sp. nov., A. (A.) montanus sp. nov., A. (A.) thaiensis sp. nov. Digital and SEM photographs are provided, and the male and female genital segments are illustrated and described.

Clinicoepidemiological profile of 590 cases of beetle dermatitis in western Orissa.

BACKGROUND: Beetle dermatitis is a very common condition in western Orissa. It is often misdiagnosed and causes significant morbidity among the rural population. AIM: This study was conducted to determine the epidemiological and clinical profile of beetle dermatitis in western Orissa. METHODS: All clinically diagnosed cases of beetle dermatitis were included in the study. Detailed history was taken and thorough clinical examination was conducted in all the cases. One urban and three rural localities were visited regularly to detect the epidemiological trends of the disorder. RESULTS: A total of 590 cases were studied: 486 males and 104 females. The age of the patients ranged from 2 to 65 years. Forty-four percent of the patients belonged to the pediatric age group. Majority of the cases (85%) presented during the months of March to July, indicating a distinct seasonal trend. The disorder was prevalent in the localities nearer to paddy and sugarcane fields and grasslands with stagnant water. The clinical lesions included papules, erosions, crusted lesions, urticarial plaques and vesiculobullous lesions. Distribution was mainly linear, but kissing lesions were also observed. Head, neck and upper extremities were the most commonly involved sites. Lymphadenopathy and systemic features such as fever and malaise were observed in 24% and 15% of the cases, respectively. CONCLUSION: Beetle dermatitis should be included in the differential diagnosis of the acute onset of vesiculobullous lesions in the endemic areas.

Mycobiota associated with the coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) in Mexico.

Field surveys were carried out in coffee plantations in Chiapas, Mexico, to collect and identify fungi associated with the cuticle, gut, faeces and galleries of the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei. Insects and coffee berries containing galleries were collected in three coffee farms at different altitudes: Rosario Izapa (425 m), La Alianza (700 m) and Monteperla (950 m). An additional sample consisting of coffee berry borers reared in the laboratory on meridic diets was also included. Results show that there is a great diversity of fungi associated with this insect. 212 cultures, including 40 species distributed in 22 genera, were isolated. The recovery of fungi from the galleries was markedly less than from the borer's body. Three of the isolated species were undescribed; two belonging to the Penicillium and one to Hanseniaspora. Most of the species were collected from the cuticle of the insect, and the presence of fungi was not correlated with altitude. Fusarium, Penicillium, Candida and Aspergillus were the dominant genera with percentage abundance of 26.4, 18.7, 13.4 and 12.5%, respectively. The present study provides a detailed description of the mycobiota associated with H. hampei and represents a significant advance in the understanding of the relationship among this insect and the fungi associated with it.