RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Preservation of homeostasis status in the skin needs an equilibrium of keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation, necrosis and apoptosis. Disturbance of these regulatory mechanisms may lead to keratinocyte neoplastic and hyperproliferative diseases. Pigment epithelium-derived factor is a glycoprotein that is endogenously produced in different tissues and has a variety of biological effects in different diseases. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the keratinocyte expression of pigment epithelium-derived factor in normal skin and three epidermal hyperproliferative diseases, namely, psoriasis, verrucae and squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS: This study included skin biopsy samples from 80 participants who were divided into four equal groups; each containing 20 samples. The first group included skin biopsies from normal skin, the second group from psoriatic lesions, the third group from verruca vulgaris and the fourth group from squamous cell carcinoma. All tissue samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain and later immunohistochemically for pigment epithelium-derived factor expression. RESULTS: Scores of pigment epithelium-derived factor expression were lower in squamous cell carcinoma and verruca and psoriasis than normal skin with a significant difference (P = 0.04). In addition, the pattern of pigment epithelium-derived factor expression was mainly cytoplasmic in normal skin with a significant difference with that seen in psoriasis, squamous cell carcinoma and verruca vulgaris (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Pigment epithelium-derived factor may play a role in keratinocyte differentiation.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Proteínas do Olho/metabolismo , Fatores de Crescimento Neural/metabolismo , Psoríase/metabolismo , Serpinas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Cutâneas/metabolismo , Pele/metabolismo , Verrugas/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Biópsia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Citoplasma/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Queratinócitos/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Psoríase/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pele/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Verrugas/patologia , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Colo/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorretais Hereditárias sem Polipose/metabolismo , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Adulto , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Feminino , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/metabolismo , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Endonuclease PMS2 de Reparo de Erro de Pareamento/metabolismo , Proteína 1 Homóloga a MutL/metabolismo , Proteína 2 Homóloga a MutS/metabolismo , Pescoço , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Cutâneas/metabolismoRESUMO
Skin tumors are tumors arising from keratinocyte and from adnexal structures. Immunohistochemistry is very helpful in diagnosis of difficult cases in epithelial skin neoplasms, especially basal cell carcinoma (BCC) which is positive for BerEP4, a keratin marker, and mostly negative for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). Squamous cell carcinoma cells are positive for EMA and cytokeratin, which are of higher molecular weight than those found in BCC. In contrast to BCC, trichoblastoma and trichoepithelioma are negative for androgen receptors. Of the malignant dermal spindle cell lesions, spindle cell squamous carcinoma is positive to 34 betaE12, desmoplasmic melanoma is positive to S100, and leiomyosarcoma is positive to desmin. Of the malignant pagetoid cells, Paget's disease is positive to CK7 and cam5.2, whereas the pagetoid variant of Bowen's disease is positive to CK 5/6. Melanoma in-situ is positive to both S100 and melan-A. Immunohistochemistry is an extremely valuable adjunct to standard morphologic diagnosis in diagnostic pathology. Diagnosis of epithelial tumor depends largely on morphological features but, in rare cases, immunohistochemical stains are needed for definitive diagnosis.