RESUMO
This study investigated the effects of the ethanolic extract from the bark of Combretum leprosum (ECL) on intestinal transit and castor-oil induced diarrhea in mice. The oral administration of ECL (750 and 1000 mg/kg) slowed intestinal transit (ID50 of 455 mg/kg). The ECL (250-1000 mg/kg) reduced castor-oil induced diarrhea, in a time- and dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). To determine if antidiarrheal effect of ECL involves α2-adrenergic or opioid receptor activation, the mice were pretreated with antagonists of these receptors, yohimbine or naloxone respectively. None of these drugs inhibited the antidiarrheal effect of ECL. To test if antidiarrheal effect of ECL is due to an antisecretory action, we realized the enteropooling assay on rats. The ECL increased bowel content and did not inhibit intestinal fluid secretion increase induced by misoprostol (100 µg/kg, s.c.). To determine if antimotility effect of ECL is due to a reduction on gastric motility, we realized the organ bath assay in the rat fundus stomach. Isotonic recordings show that the carbachol /KCl - induced contraction was not reversed by the addition of ECL. In conclusion, our results suggest that ECL contains antidiarrheal compounds and these compounds could induce a reduction of intestinal tract motility.
Assuntos
Antidiarreicos/uso terapêutico , Combretum/química , Diarreia/tratamento farmacológico , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Animais , Antidiarreicos/farmacologia , Óleo de Rícino , Diarreia/etiologia , Feminino , Trânsito Gastrointestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Secreções Intestinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos Wistar , Receptores Adrenérgicos alfa/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores Opioides/efeitos dos fármacos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
La Pelagra es una patología conocida como la enfermedad de las tres D: dermatitis, diarrea y demencia, provocada por la deficiencia de niacina, una vitamina del complejo B. Hoy sabemos que la pelagra es un desorden nutricional producido por déficit en niacina, también llamada ácido nicotínico. Los autores diagnosticados dos pacientes que ingresaron en el Hospital Provincial de Malange, Angola; por un cuadro diarreico con edema de manos y pies y lesiones de piel consistentes en eritema vesículas escama y pigmentación en área del cuellos, miembros superiores e inferiores, además de retraso en el desarrollo pondoestatural (AU)
The Pellagra is well-known as the illness of the three D; dermatitis, diarrhea and Insanity, due to the niacina deficiency, a B-complex vitamin. Today we know that the pellagra is a nutritional disorder taken place by deficit in niacin, also call nicotinic acid. The authors diagnosed two patients with a diarrhea, edema of hands and feet and consistent skin lesion in erythema vesicles flake and pigmentation in area of the neck superior members and inferior members (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Pelagra/diagnóstico , Niacina/deficiência , Diarreia/etiologia , Dermatopatias Papuloescamosas/etiologia , Demência/etiologia , Diagnóstico DiferencialRESUMO
Dietary zinc deficiency is widespread in developing countries and is often aggravated by intercurrent acute and chronic infections. Recent studies have demonstrated that zinc supplementation can significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality of apparently well-nourished children and shorten the time to recovery from acute infectious diseases. This review summarises current knowledge of the role of zinc in childhood diarrhoea, acute respiratory infections and malaria, and its potential role in diseases associated with impaired cellular immunity, namely tuberculosis, lepromatous leprosy and leishmaniasis, and explores avenues for future research.