Assuntos
Infecções por Citomegalovirus/diagnóstico , Citomegalovirus/isolamento & purificação , Transplante de Coração/tendências , Úlceras Orais/diagnóstico , Adulto , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/complicações , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/tratamento farmacológico , Ganciclovir/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Úlceras Orais/complicações , Úlceras Orais/tratamento farmacológicoAssuntos
Doença de Bowen/diagnóstico , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Herpesviridae/diagnóstico , Herpesvirus Humano 8/isolamento & purificação , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Doença de Bowen/genética , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/genética , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Infecções por Herpesviridae/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 8/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Cutâneas/genéticaRESUMO
The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the result of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection damaging the cell-mediated immune system. A wide range of opportunistic infections (OI) and tumours develop; additionally, HIV directly damages some organs. The patterns of opportunistic diseases (OD) are different in different parts of the world, depending on the local prevalence of latent and acquired infections and on the survival of HIV-infected patients. OD patterns change as people migrate. Recently introduced highly active anti-retroviral chemotherapy prevents many of the common OIs, but also introduces a new range of toxic pathological damage. Longer survival permits development of new HIV-related diseases. The pathology of HIV/AIDS is not static but changing.
Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/diagnóstico , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/epidemiologia , Infecções por Mycobacterium/diagnóstico , Infecções por Mycobacterium/epidemiologia , Adulto , Criança , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Fatores de Risco , Sarcoma de Kaposi/diagnóstico , Sarcoma de Kaposi/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/epidemiologia , Análise de Sobrevida , Reino Unido/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Infective neuropathies encompass neuropathies that are among the most common in the world. Retroviral infection, which includes infection with the human immunodeficiency virus, has now spread worldwide. This virus is responsible for a number of disabling peripheral neuropathies, either from the immune reaction that follows penetration of the virus into nervous system of the host, or by opportunistic infection secondary to the major cellular immunodeficit induced by gradual destruction of lymphocytes bearing the CD4 antigen on their surface. In the other class of retroviruses, human T lymphotrophic viruses (HTLV), which are responsible for the HTLV-I-associated myelopathy or tropical spastic paraparesis, peripheral nerve involvement and inflammatory myopathy are less common and milder than in HIV infection. Leprosy continues to pose problems concerning the understanding of the immune mechanisms that lead to the various patterns of nerve lesions encountered in this condition. Chagas' disease, which is due to infection with Trypanosoma cruzi, affects more than 15 million people in Latin America. It is accompanied by mostly subclinical peripheral nerve involvement and by cardiac manifestations from lesions of the autonomic nervous system and cardiac muscle.