RESUMO
AIDS: Recent research on the effects of opportunistic infections (OIs) on HIV replication suggests that the OIs can actually increase HIV replication through the production of cytokines. Treatment options for thrush include antifungal treatments for early episodes and reserving fluconazole for patients with difficult to treat infections. Other studies show that prevention and treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) increases survival rates. Drugs and dosages are described.^ieng
Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/tratamento farmacológico , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Azitromicina/uso terapêutico , Candidíase Bucal/tratamento farmacológico , Fluconazol/uso terapêutico , Infecção por Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare/prevenção & controle , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/complicações , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/mortalidade , Anfotericina B/uso terapêutico , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Antituberculosos/uso terapêutico , Contagem de Linfócito CD4/efeitos dos fármacos , Candidíase Bucal/complicações , Claritromicina/uso terapêutico , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Clofazimina/uso terapêutico , Clotrimazol/uso terapêutico , Estudos de Coortes , Interações Medicamentosas , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Flucitosina/uso terapêutico , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos e Macrófagos/uso terapêutico , Inibidores da Protease de HIV/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Itraconazol/uso terapêutico , Cetoconazol/uso terapêutico , Hansenostáticos/uso terapêutico , Infecção por Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare/tratamento farmacológico , Nistatina/uso terapêutico , Rifabutina/uso terapêutico , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
Before 1950 no reliable or safe therapy existed for systemic and invasive mycoses, and only traditional and empirical topical preparations were available for dermatomycoses. Two distinct eras of rapid progress in antifungal therapy followed: first, in the 1950's came the introduction of the polyenes, nystatin and pimaricin for cutaneous, vaginal and intestinal candidiasis, and amphotericin B for the treatment of severe systemic mycoses. The second phase saw the successful introduction and clinical use of 5-fluorocytosine and several imidazole derivatives some twenty years later, at a time when the vast increase in iatrogenic systemic mycoses caused by opportunistic fungi had created an urgent and pressing need for new agents in addition to those still effective.