Assuntos
Dapsona/efeitos adversos , Hanseníase Virchowiana/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso , Dapsona/uso terapêutico , Combinação de Medicamentos , Etionamida/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Hansenostáticos/uso terapêutico , Hanseníase Virchowiana/mortalidade , Minociclina/uso terapêutico , VanuatuRESUMO
Side-effects of leprosy treatment with dapsone are said to be uncommon, with drug allergy occurring in only one of every several hundred patients treated with dapsone. The dapsone or sulphone syndrome (DDS) has been recognized since the earliest days of sulphone therapy but until recently its incidence had been decreasing. In Vanuatu, during the years 1988-1991, nine leprosy patients have developed the dapsone syndrome, four of whom have died. During the last 4 years only 37 patients were started on treatment, which is an incidence of the dapsone syndrome of 24% with a fatality rate of 11%. All the patients were being given multi-drug treatment (MDT) of daily dapsone (100 mg) and clofazimine (50 mg) and monthly rifampicin (600 mg) and clofazimine (300 mg). There has been speculation that the increased incidence of what was previously described as a rare reaction is due to the use of MDT, and the reasons for this are discussed. We feel the increase in the number of reactions in Vanuatu since starting MDT is probably due to the high starting dose of 100 mg of dapsone, possibly enhanced by the combination with clofazimine and rifampicin and a genetic susceptibility of the Melanesian population.
Assuntos
Dapsona/efeitos adversos , Hanseníase/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Adulto , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/etiologia , Clofazimina/efeitos adversos , Dapsona/uso terapêutico , Toxidermias/etiologia , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Rifampina/efeitos adversos , Síndrome , Vanuatu/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Adolescente , Clofazimina/efeitos adversos , Dapsona/efeitos adversos , Dapsona/uso terapêutico , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/etiologia , Toxidermias/etiologia , Hanseníase/tratamento farmacológico , Incidência , Quimioterapia Combinada , Rifampina/efeitos adversos , Síndrome , Tratamento Farmacológico , Vanuatu/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Vanuatu, which formerly was known as the New Hebrides, is an archipelago in the southwest Pacific Ocean with a tropical humid climate. The national health system and the state of health of the population generally are satisfactory. The main diseases of public-health importance are malaria and tuberculosis. Their epidemiology and control are discussed. An epidemic of Plasmodium falciparum malaria, which commenced in 1980, is described; this possibly can be explained by an increase in chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum over the same period. Other diseases also are reviewed. Many tropical diseases of great significance elsewhere are not of much significance in Vanuatu. Medical advice for visiting travellers is provided.
Assuntos
Malária/epidemiologia , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/organização & administração , Tuberculose/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Anemia/epidemiologia , Animais , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cloroquina/uso terapêutico , Resistência a Medicamentos , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Hanseníase/epidemiologia , Malária/tratamento farmacológico , Malária/prevenção & controle , Masculino , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Plasmodium falciparum/efeitos dos fármacos , Plasmodium falciparum/isolamento & purificação , Viagem , VanuatuRESUMO
Vanuatu, which formerly was known as the New Hebrides, is an archipelago in the southwest Pacific Ocean with a tropical humid climate. The national health system and the state of health of the population generally are satisfactory. The main diseases of public-health importance are malaria and tuberculosis. Their epidemiology and control are discussed. An epidemic of Plasmodium falciparum malaria, which commenced in 1980, is described; this possibly can be explained by an increase in chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum over the same period. Other diseases also are reviewed. Many tropical diseases of great significance elsewhere are not of much significance in Vanuatu. Medical advice for visiting travellers is provided.
Assuntos
Masculino , Humanos , Animais , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Anemia/epidemiologia , Cloroquina/uso terapêutico , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Hanseníase/epidemiologia , Malária/epidemiologia , Malária/prevenção & controle , Malária/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Plasmodium falciparum , Plasmodium falciparum/isolamento & purificação , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/organização & administração , Resistência a Medicamentos , Tuberculose/epidemiologia , Vanuatu , Incidência , ViagemRESUMO
The archipelago of Vanuatu is located in the South-West Pacific at 2,000 km, East of Australia. The so-called "current" pathology is similar to the one met in Europe. Because of its geographical location, a tropical pathology is to be found with a prevalence of Malaria, intestinal nematodoses and filariases ( Wuchereria bancrofti). Leprosy , dengue, ciguatera, eosinophilic meningitis as well as Tokeleau bring its originality to this pathology.