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1.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 257(Pt 2): 128684, 2024 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38086431

ABSTRACT

In this work, the effects of four different extraction methods, acid (HCl), alkali (NaOH), enzymes (cellulase/pectinase), and buffer (pH 7.0) on the physicochemical properties and functionalities of burdock pectin were systematically investigated and compared. Buffer extraction gave a low yield (2.8 %) and is therefore limited in its application. The acid treatment hydrolyzed the neutral sidechains and gave a homogalacturonan content of 72.6 %. By contrast, alkali and enzymes preserved the sidechains while degrading the polygalacturonan backbone, creating a rhamnogalacturonan-I dominant structure. The branched structure, low molecular weight, and high degree of methylation (42.3 %) contributed to the interfacial adsorption, emulsifying capacity, and cellular antioxidant activity of the enzyme-extracted product. For the acid-extracted product, the strong intramolecular electrostatic repulsion restricted the formation of a contact interface to prevent coalescence of the emulsion. In addition, they did not have sufficient reducing ends to scavenge free radicals. Although a high branching size (5.0) was adopted, the low degree of methylation (19.5 %) affected the emulsifying capacity of the alkali-extracted products. These results provide useful information for pectic polysaccharides production with tailored properties.


Subject(s)
Arctium , Arctium/chemistry , Pectins/chemistry , Polysaccharides/chemistry , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Antioxidants/chemistry , Alkalies
2.
Molecules ; 28(15)2023 Aug 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37570814

ABSTRACT

Blueberries are fruits known for their high level of anthocyanins, which have high nutritional value and several biological properties. However, the chemical instability of anthocyanins is one of the major limitations of their application. The stability of blueberry anthocyanin extracts (BAEs) encapsulated in a ferritin nanocarrier was investigated in this study for several influencing parameters, including pH, temperature, UV-visible light, redox agents, and various metal ions. The outcomes supported the positive role of protein nanoparticles in enhancing the stability of blueberry anthocyanins by demonstrating that the stability of encapsulated BAE nanoparticles with ferritin carriers was significantly higher than that of free BAEs and a mixture of BAEs and ferritin carriers. This study provides an alternative approach for enhancing blueberry anthocyanin stability using ferritin nanocarrier encapsulation.


Subject(s)
Anthocyanins , Blueberry Plants , Anthocyanins/chemistry , Blueberry Plants/chemistry , Ferritins , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Light , Fruit/chemistry
3.
J Zhejiang Univ Sci B ; 24(7): 602-616, 2023 May 25.
Article in English, Chinese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37455137

ABSTRACT

Blueberries are rich in phenolic compounds including anthocyanins which are closely related to biological health functions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of blueberry anthocyanins extracted from 'Brightwell' rabbiteye blueberries in mice. After one week of adaptation, C57BL/6J healthy male mice were divided into different groups that were administered with 100, 400, or 800 mg/kg blueberry anthocyanin extract (BAE), and sacrificed at different time points (0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, or 12 h). The plasma, eyeball, intestine, liver, and adipose tissues were collected to compare their antioxidant activity, including total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-PX/GPX) content, and the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level. The results showed that blueberry anthocyanins had positive concentration-dependent antioxidant activity in vivo. The greater the concentration of BAE, the higher the T-AOC value, but the lower the MDA level. The enzyme activity of SOD, the content of GSH-PX, and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of Cu,Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, and GPX all confirmed that BAE played an antioxidant role after digestion in mice by improving their antioxidant defense. The in vivo antioxidant activity of BAE indicated that blueberry anthocyanins could be developed into functional foods or nutraceuticals with the aim of preventing or treating oxidative stress-related diseases.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants , Blueberry Plants , Male , Mice , Animals , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Anthocyanins/pharmacology , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Superoxide Dismutase , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Superoxide Dismutase-1
4.
J Food Biochem ; 46(12): e14455, 2022 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36183168

ABSTRACT

Burdock (Arctium lappa L) root is eaten as a vegetable in many countries and used as an ethnomedicine because of its various pharmacological effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanisms of ethanolic extract of root from Arctium lappa L root (ALE) to lose weight and regulate lipid metabolism. The results showed that ALE can regulate lipid metabolism level and inhibit the weight gain of rats induced by the high-sugar and high-fat diet. The contents of triglyceride and cholesterol in the liver of obese rats significantly reduced, and hepatic steatosis was ameliorated. In addition, this study identified that ALE enhanced hepatic fatty acid ß-oxidation and ameliorated hepatic steatosis by activating AMPK/ACC/CPT-1 pathway. These results indicated that ALE has a potential preventive and therapeutic effect on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and obesity. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Obesity is already a global health problem. Obesity causes accumulation of triglycerides, which leads to hepatic steatosis. Long-term steatosis causes liver damage and metabolic fatty liver disease. Plant-derived functional foods or herbal medicines have better effects on weight loss and liver protection, which are more conducive to long-term use with less toxic side effects. As a medicinal and edible plant material, Arctium lappa L root has the effect in losing weight. Our study showed that ethanolic extract of Arctium lappa L root effectively regulates lipid metabolism and inhibits hepatic steatosis. Arctium lappa L root may be used as a therapeutic drug and functional food raw material for obesity and fatty liver disease.


Subject(s)
Arctium , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease , Rats , Animals , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics , Ethanol , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/drug therapy , Obesity/drug therapy , Triglycerides
5.
Redox Biol ; 46: 102100, 2021 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34416477

ABSTRACT

Blueberries are rich in bioactive anthocyanins, with a high level of malvidin, which is associated with antioxidant benefits that contribute to reducing the risk of diabetes. The objective of this study was to investigate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of blueberry anthocyanin extract (BAE), malvidin (Mv), malvidin-3-glucoside (Mv-3-glc), and malvidin-3-galactoside (Mv-3-gal) in both human hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2 and in a high-fat diet combining streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. High glucose treatment significantly increased hepatic oxidative stress up to 6-fold and decreased HepG2 cell viability. Pretreatment with BAE, Mv, Mv-3-glc and Mlv-3-gal significantly mitigated these damages by lowering the reactive oxygen species (ROS) by 87, 80, 76, and 91%, and increasing cell viability by 88, 79, 73, and 98%, respectively. These pretreatments also effectively inhibited hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, respectively by reducing the expression levels of enzymes participating in gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis and enhancing those involved in glycogenolysis and lipolysis, via adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway in HepG2 cells. To determinate the role of AMPK in BAE-induced reaction of glucose and lipid metabolism in vivo, doses of 100 mg/kg (blueberry anthocyanin extracts - low concentration, BAE-L) and 400 mg/kg (blueberry anthocyanin extracts - high concentration, BAE-H) were administrated per day to diabetic mice for 5 weeks. BAE treatments had a significant (P < 0.05) effect on body weight and increased the AMPK activity, achieving the decrease of blood- and urine-glucose, as well as triglyceride and total cholesterol. This research suggested that anthocyanins contributed to the blueberry extract-induced hypoglycemia and hypolipidemia effects in diabetes and BAE could be a promising functional food or medicine for diabetes treatment.


Subject(s)
Blueberry Plants , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental , Animals , Anthocyanins , Antioxidants , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy , Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology , Mice , Plant Extracts/pharmacology
6.
Food Res Int ; 122: 548-560, 2019 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31229110

ABSTRACT

Blueberries (Vaccinium spp.) have great beneficial effects, and their leaves are rich in phenolics. In the present study, the total phenolic, total flavonoid, and proanthocyanidin contents in the leaf extracts from 73 different blueberry cultivars among five categories were investigated. The phenolic composition was analyzed, and the antioxidants were also evaluated. Here, a total of 23 individual phenolic constituents were identified, among which eight predominant phenolics were quantified, including five caffeoylquinic acids, two quercetin glycosides, and one kaempferol glycoside. The different cultivars could be well clustered according to their phenolic compositions and antioxidant capacities. The correlations among the quantified phenolic constituents and the antioxidant capacities were determined using principal component analysis. The results indicated that blueberry leaves may be a potential resource of antioxidant phenolics, and the differences among the cultivars should be considered when blueberry leaves are further developed.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/analysis , Blueberry Plants/chemistry , Dietary Supplements/analysis , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Benzothiazoles/analysis , China , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Flavonoids/analysis , Glycosides/analysis , Kaempferols/analysis , Phenols/analysis , Plant Extracts/analysis , Proanthocyanidins/analysis , Quercetin/analysis , Sulfonic Acids/analysis
7.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 119: 1068-1076, 2018 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30096394

ABSTRACT

In the present study, a novel polysaccharide fraction (CAP2-1) from Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight was obtained by hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation and sequential purification through anion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. CAP2-1 was a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide composed of mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, galactose and arabinose, with an average molecular weight of 830.93 kDa. FT-IR and NMR spectra of CAP2-1 exhibited typical characteristic signals of polysaccharide. For antioxidant activity evaluation in vitro, CAP2-1 showed effective scavenging capacities against ABTS, DPPH and superoxide anion radical in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 values at 0.1232, 0.5543 and 0.5881 mg/mL, respectively. At cellular level, CAP2-1 provided a significant protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells by a compositive oxidation defense mechanism. CAP2-1 could reduce oxidative stress by significantly enhancing the contents of antioxidant enzyme SOD and non-enzymatic antioxidant GSH in oxidative damaged cells, in addition to scavenging ROS directly and improving cell viability and membrane integrity, consequently achieving the intracellular antioxidant activity. The results unveiled that CAP2-1 could be explored as a promising natural antioxidant for application in functional foods.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/chemistry , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Cynanchum/chemistry , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Polysaccharides/chemistry , Polysaccharides/pharmacology , Antioxidants/isolation & purification , Cell Line , Cell Survival/drug effects , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Molecular Weight , Monosaccharides , Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Polysaccharides/isolation & purification , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
8.
Oxid Med Cell Longev ; 2018: 3846029, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29861828

ABSTRACT

Oxidative stress and inflammation are considered as two key factors that contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. This study was to investigate the antioxidant capacity of huskless barley and to explore its protective functions through the regulation of the antioxidant defense and inflammatory response in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) scavenging capacity of water and alkali extracts of the polysaccharides from nine huskless barley varieties were investigated in vitro. The antioxidant properties of the alkaline extracts were more pronounced than those of the water extracts. The results from the cell model showed that pretreatment of HUVEC with the water or alkaline extracts of the polysaccharides from the huskless barley cultivars QHH and NLGL decreased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) but increased the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and maintained cell viability. Huskless barley polysaccharide extracts exhibited the vasodilatory effect of inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) production. These discoveries revealed the potent protective functions of barley in oxidative damage and a potential role for barley in preventing chronic inflammation in cardiovascular diseases.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Hordeum/chemistry , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology , Antioxidants/chemistry , Antioxidants/isolation & purification , Cell Survival/drug effects , Hordeum/metabolism , Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells , Humans , Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/metabolism , Plant Extracts/metabolism , Polysaccharides/chemistry , Polysaccharides/isolation & purification , Polysaccharides/pharmacology , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism
9.
J Food Sci ; 81(5): M1192-6, 2016 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27074391

ABSTRACT

Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) is an edible and medicinal plant distributed in Hainan, China. The antibacterial activities of the extracts of water (WE), petroleum ether (PEE), ethyl acetate (EAE), chloroform (CE), and n-butanol (BE) were assayed by the disk diffusion method. The results showed that the extracts from Noni leaves possessed antibacterial effects against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, and Staphylococcus aureus. Among 5 different extracts, the BE produced the best antibacterial activity. The samples were first extracted by ethanol, and the primary compounds in the BE fraction of ethanol extract was further isolated and identified. Six phenolic compounds, including 5, 15-dimethylmorindol, ferulic acid, p-hydroxycinamic acid, methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, methyl ferulate, and methyl 4-hydroxycinnamate, were identifiedby NMR. The results indicated that the phenolic compounds might significantly contribute to antibacterial activities of Noni leaves.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacteria/drug effects , Morinda/chemistry , Phenols/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Anthraquinones/analysis , Anthraquinones/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/analysis , Bacillus subtilis/drug effects , Bacillus subtilis/growth & development , Bacteria/growth & development , China , Cinnamates/analysis , Cinnamates/pharmacology , Coumaric Acids/analysis , Coumaric Acids/pharmacology , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Escherichia coli/growth & development , Parabens/analysis , Parabens/pharmacology , Phenols/analysis , Plant Extracts/analysis , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Proteus vulgaris/drug effects , Proteus vulgaris/growth & development , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Staphylococcus aureus/growth & development
10.
Molecules ; 19(10): 16416-27, 2014 Oct 13.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25314603

ABSTRACT

Polyphenols are functional compounds in plants, which possess many bioactivities beneficial for humans. The aim of this study was to establish a highly efficient method for extracting polyphenol compounds from areca seeds and further to identify polyphenols and antioxidant properties of the seeds. A quadratic general rotary unitized design was used to determine the optimal extraction process. The polyphenols were identified using LC-TOF-MS. By comparison with ascorbic acid (Vc), the antioxidant activities of the ethanol extracts were evaluated using three complementary in vitro assays: inhibition of the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity, and reducing ability. The two major polyphenols obtained were epicatechin and syringic acid. The ethanol extracts of areca seeds showed significantly greater antioxidant activity (p < 0.05) than Vc using the DPPH and reducing power assay, but lower ability (p < 0.05) using the hydroxyl radical assay. The results indicate that the areca seed is an excellent food material with potential antioxidant properties.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/isolation & purification , Areca/chemistry , Biphenyl Compounds/metabolism , Picrates/metabolism , Polyphenols/isolation & purification , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Areca/embryology , Ascorbic Acid/pharmacology , Catechin/isolation & purification , Catechin/pharmacology , Chromatography, Liquid , Gallic Acid/analogs & derivatives , Gallic Acid/isolation & purification , Gallic Acid/pharmacology , Mass Spectrometry , Polyphenols/pharmacology , Seeds/chemistry
11.
Molecules ; 19(8): 12827-41, 2014 Aug 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25153881

ABSTRACT

Blueberry fruits have a wide range of health benefits because of their abundant anthocyanins, which are natural antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of blueberry's two main anthocyanins (malvidin-3-glucoside and malvidin-3-galactoside) on inflammatory response in endothelial cells. These two malvidin glycosides could inhibit tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) induced increases of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) production both in the protein and mRNA levels in a concentration-dependent manner. Mv-3-glc at the concentration of 1 µM could inhibit 35.9% increased MCP-1, 54.4% ICAM-1, and 44.7% VCAM-1 protein in supernatant, as well as 9.88% MCP-1 and 48.6% ICAM-1 mRNA expression (p<0.05). In addition, they could decrease IκBα degradation (Mv-3-glc, Mv-3-gal, and their mixture at the concentration of 50 µM had the inhibition rate of 84.8%, 75.3%, and 43.2%, respectively, p<0.01) and block the nuclear translocation of p65, which suggested their anti-inflammation mechanism was mediated by the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. In general malvidin-3-glucoside had better anti-inflammatory effect than malvidin-3-galactoside. These results indicated that blueberry is good resource of anti-inflammatory anthocyanins, which can be promising molecules for the development of nutraceuticals to prevent chronic inflammation in many diseases.


Subject(s)
Anthocyanins/pharmacology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Glucosides/pharmacology , Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism , Active Transport, Cell Nucleus , Blueberry Plants/chemistry , Chemokine CCL2/metabolism , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/drug effects , Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/immunology , Humans , I-kappa B Proteins/metabolism , Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism , NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha , NF-kappa B/metabolism , Proteolysis , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology , Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism
12.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr ; 53(6): 615-30, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23627503

ABSTRACT

Prevention and management of hypertension are the major public health challenges worldwide. Uncontrolled high blood pressure may lead to a shortened life expectancy and a higher morbidity due to a high risk of cardiovascular complications such as coronary heart disease (which leads to heart attack) and stroke, congestive heart failure, heart rhythm irregularities, and kidney failure etc. In recent years, it has been recognized that many dietary constituents may contribute to human cardiovascular health. There has been an increased focus on identifying these natural components of foods, describing their physiological activities and mechanisms of actions. Grain, vegetables, fruits, milk, cheese, meat, chicken, egg, fish, soybean, tea, wine, mushrooms, and lactic acid bacteria are various food sources with potential antihypertensive effects. Their main bioactive constituents include angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides, vitamins C and E, flavonoids, flavanols, cathecins, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, polyphenols, tannins, resveratrol, polysaccharides, fiber, saponin, sterols, as well as K, Ca, and P. They may reduce blood pressure by different mechanisms, such as ACE inhibition effect, antioxidant, vasodilatory, opiate-like, Ca(2+) channel blocking, and chymase inhibitory activities. These functional foods may provide new therapeutic applications for hypertension prevention and treatment, and contribute to a healthy cardiovascular population. The present review summarizes the antihypertensive food sources and their bioactive constituents, as well as physiological mechanisms of dietary products, especially focusing on ACE inhibitory activity.


Subject(s)
Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology , Hypertension/drug therapy , Hypertension/prevention & control , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Animals , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Dairy Products/analysis , Edible Grain/chemistry , Eggs/analysis , Fabaceae/chemistry , Fruit/chemistry , Humans , Meat/analysis , Nuts/chemistry , Tea/chemistry , Vegetables/chemistry
13.
J Agric Food Chem ; 61(3): 523-31, 2013 Jan 23.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23268789

ABSTRACT

The total phenolic content (TFC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity, and polyphenol composition of extracts of rabbiteye blueberry fruit polyphenols (BBFPs), rabbiteye blueberry pomace polyphenols (BBPPs), and rabbiteye blueberry leaves polyphenols (BBLPs) were investigated. The highest TPC and TFC were found in the extract of BBLPs, followed by the extracts of BBPPs and BBFPs. The extract of BBLPs exhibited the highest antioxidant activity according to five antioxidant methods. All three samples exhibited significantly higher antioxidant activity than the positive control rutin. HPLC-DAD-MS(n) analysis showed that the extract of BBFPs contained nine different anthocyanins, while the extract of BBPPs contained only four of them. In addition, four caffeoylquinic acids, quercetin, and its three derivatives were detected in the extract of BBLPs. The results indicate that the fruits, pomace, and leaves of rabbiteye blueberry were good sources of polyphenols and natural antioxidants. These could be useful as a functional food ingredient beneficial to human health.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/chemistry , Blueberry Plants/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Polyphenols/chemistry , Anthocyanins/chemistry , China , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Fruit/chemistry , Plant Leaves/chemistry
14.
Food Chem ; 135(3): 1600-7, 2012 Dec 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22953899

ABSTRACT

Ovotransferrin-derived peptides showed synergistic effects with vitamin C, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and caffeic acid, but not quercetin in our previous report. In this study, we further investigated the interactions between ovotransferrin-derived peptides and teas, based on the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. Our results showed that there was no significant difference in ORAC values among green, oolong, and black teas. For all the samples, 80% methanol extracts possessed better antioxidant capacity than hot water extracts. The antioxidant capacity of teas were improved by adding either ovotransferrin hydrolysate or its purified peptide IRW; however, adding hydrolysate did not improve antioxidant stability of teas. ORAC values of both teas and hydrolysate added teas were decreased during 22weeks of storage, while samples stored at 4°C exhibited higher antioxidant capacity than those stored at room temperature. This suggested that ovotransferrin hydrolysate could be used as functional food ingredients in enhancing antioxidant capacities of foods, which would benefit human nutrition and health.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/chemistry , Conalbumin/chemistry , Free Radical Scavengers/chemistry , Peptides/chemistry , Reactive Oxygen Species/chemistry , Tea/chemistry , Food Storage , Temperature
15.
World J Gastroenterol ; 16(31): 3911-8, 2010 Aug 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20712052

ABSTRACT

AIM: To investigate the effect of tectorigenin on proliferation and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells (HSC)-T6 cells. METHODS: HSC-T6 cells were incubated with tectorigenin at different concentrations, and their proliferation was assessed by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry assay with Hoechst 33342 staining. Also, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), intracellular [Ca(2+)](i), potential of mitochondrial membrane, activities of cytochrome c and caspase-9 and -3 were investigated to explore a conceivable apoptotic pathway. RESULTS: Tectorigenin suppressed the proliferation of HSC-T6 cells and induced apoptosis of HSC-T6 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Tectorigenin at the concentration of 100 microg/mL greatly inhibited the viability of HSC-T6 cells and induced the condensation of chromatin and fragmentation of nuclei. When treated for 48 h, the percentage of cell growth and apoptosis reached 46.3% +/- 2.37% (P = 0.004) and 50.67% +/- 3.24% (P = 0.003), respectively. Furthermore, tectorigenin-induced apoptosis of HSC-T6 cells was associated with the generation of ROS, increased intracellular [Ca(2+)](i), loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, translocation of cytochrome c, and activation of caspase-9 and -3. CONCLUSION: Tectorigenin inhibits proliferation of HSC-T6 cells and induces apoptosis of HSC-T6 cells.


Subject(s)
Apoptosis/drug effects , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Hepatic Stellate Cells/drug effects , Isoflavones/pharmacology , Animals , Blotting, Western , Calcium/metabolism , Caspase 3/metabolism , Caspase 9/metabolism , Cell Line , Cell Survival/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Flow Cytometry , Hepatic Stellate Cells/pathology , Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects , Rats , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Staining and Labeling , Time Factors
16.
Nutr Cancer ; 62(1): 1-20, 2010.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20043255

ABSTRACT

Natural phenolic compounds play an important role in cancer prevention and treatment. Phenolic compounds from medicinal herbs and dietary plants include phenolic acids, flavonoids, tannins, stilbenes, curcuminoids, coumarins, lignans, quinones, and others. Various bioactivities of phenolic compounds are responsible for their chemopreventive properties (e.g., antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, or antimutagenic and anti-inflammatory effects) and also contribute to their inducing apoptosis by arresting cell cycle, regulating carcinogen metabolism and ontogenesis expression, inhibiting DNA binding and cell adhesion, migration, proliferation or differentiation, and blocking signaling pathways. This review covers the most recent literature to summarize structural categories and molecular anticancer mechanisms of phenolic compounds from medicinal herbs and dietary plants.


Subject(s)
Anticarcinogenic Agents , Phenols , Plants, Edible/chemistry , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Anticarcinogenic Agents/chemistry , Anticarcinogenic Agents/pharmacology , Antimutagenic Agents , Antioxidants , Cinnamates/chemistry , Cinnamates/pharmacology , Edible Grain/chemistry , Flavonoids/chemistry , Flavonoids/pharmacology , Fruit/chemistry , Lignans/chemistry , Lignans/pharmacology , Molecular Structure , Phenols/chemistry , Phenols/pharmacology , Quinones/chemistry , Quinones/pharmacology , Spices/analysis , Tannins/chemistry , Tannins/pharmacology , Vegetables/chemistry
17.
Planta Med ; 74(1): 43-9, 2008 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18067063

ABSTRACT

Many species of Polygonum are rich in bioactive constituents, which contribute to a wide range of medicinal properties. In this study, we assessed the scavenging activity against ABTS.+ and hydroxyl radicals, chelating activity against Fe2+, xanthine oxidase inhibition, antimicrobial activity, and total contents of phenolics and flavonoids in the extracts of leaves and stems or whole plants from four medicinal Polygonum species. Total antioxidant capacities and phenolic contents of Polygonum capitatum, Polygonum Chinensis, Polygonum cuspidatum, and Polygonum multiflorum were 74.60, 53.66, 56.22, and 14.34 mmol trolox/100 g dry weight (DW), and 8.69, 4.15, 6.33, and 1.27 g gallic acid/100 g DW, respectively, significantly higher than those of five dietary vegetables, fruits and spices (spring onion, broccoli, orange, carrot, and ginger). Major bioactive constituents in the tested plant extracts were also investigated using LC-MS. They were mainly phenolic compounds, e. g., flavonoids, phenolic acids and their derivatives, tannins, stilbenes, and anthraquinones. This study shows that, in addition to their roots, the leaves and stems of P. cuspidatum and P. capitatum also exhibit potent antioxidant properties and are a potential resource of natural bioactive antioxidants.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Free Radical Scavengers/pharmacology , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Polygonum/classification , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Free Radical Scavengers/administration & dosage , Free Radical Scavengers/therapeutic use , Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects , Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Plant Leaves , Plant Roots , Plant Stems
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