RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of cluster needling of scalp points on nuclear transcription factor kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65)ï¼NF-κB inhibitory protein α (IKBα)ï¼ß secretase 1 (BACE1)ï¼beta-amyloid protein (Aß) and hippocampal morphology in Alzheimer's disease (AD) ratsï¼so as to reveal its mechanism underlying improvement of AD. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operationï¼modelï¼clustering acupuncture and medication groupsï¼with 12 trats in each group. AD model was induced by Aß1-42 injection into bilateral hippocampus. In the clustering acupuncture groupï¼"Baihui" (DU20) and 1 mm on left and right sides of DU20 were needled for 30 minï¼once daily for 14 d. Rats of the medication group were given donepezil hydrochloride (0.5 mg·kg-1·d-1) intragastric perfusion once a day for 14 d. Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the cognitive function of rats. HE staining was used to observe the structure changes of hippocampal tissue. The expressions of NF-κB p65ï¼IKBα and BACE1 in hippocampus were detected by Western blot. ELISA was used to detect the levels of Aß in hippocampus and serum of rats. RESULTS: Compared with sham operation groupï¼the escape latency of Morris water maze test in the model group was prolongedï¼the number of crossing the original platform was decreased(P<0.01)ï¼the protein expressions of NF-κB p65 and BACE1 in hippocampusï¼and the levels of Aß in hippocampus and serum of AD rats were increased (P<0.01ï¼P<0.05)ï¼while the expression of IKBα protein was decreased (P<0.01). Compared with the model groupï¼the escape latency of Morris water maze test was shortened and the number of crossing the original platform was increased in the clustering acupuncture and medication groups (P<0.01ï¼P<0.05)ï¼and the protein expressions of NF-κB p65 and BACE1 in hippocampusï¼the levels of Aß in hippocampus and serum were decreased (P<0.01ï¼P<0.05)ï¼while the expression of IKBα protein was increased (P<0.01). In comparison of the medication groupï¼the protein expressions of NF-κB p65 and IKBα was lower in the clustering acupuncture group (P<0.05). HE staining showed that cells in the hippocampus were arranged loosely and disorderedï¼some cytoplasm was hyperchromaticï¼nucleus was pyknoticï¼inflammatory cells were infiltrated in the model groupï¼which were relatively milder in the clustering acupuncture and medication groups. CONCLUSION: Cluster needling at scalp points may improve the cognitive impairment in AD rats by reducing inflammatory infiltration in hippocampusï¼regulating the expressions of NF-κB p65ï¼IKBα and BACE1ï¼and inhibiting the aggregation of Aß.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Alzheimer , Disfunción Cognitiva , Masculino , Ratas , Animales , FN-kappa B/genética , Secretasas de la Proteína Precursora del Amiloide/genética , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/genética , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/terapia , Cuero Cabelludo , Ratas Wistar , Ácido Aspártico EndopeptidasasRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Stroke's prevalence and morbidity are increasing (Guano, et al. Neuro 89:53-61, 2017), and limb motor dysfunction is left in most patients (Gittler, et al. JAMA 319:820-821, 2018). Particularly, the rehabilitation of upper limbs is more difficult and time-consuming (Borges, et al. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 10:CD011887, 2018). METHODS: A double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted to investigate whether a new functional electrical stimulation (FES) combined with acupoint therapy is more effective in the rehabilitation of upper limb motor dysfunction after stroke. Patients who meet the inclusion criteria will be randomly divided into two groups: programmed flexor-extensor alternating electrical acupoint stimulation group (PES group) and conventional flexor-extensor alternating electrical acupoint stimulation group (CES group), which will be treated for 3 weeks. The primary outcome measures are electroencephalogram (EEG) and surface electromyogram (sEMG). The secondary outcome variables include MBI (modified Barthel index), China Stroke Scale (CSS), FMA-U (Fugl-Meyer assessment upper limb), MMT (manual muscle testing), and Brunnstrom. DISCUSSION: The results of this study are expected to verify the efficacy of PES therapy in the rehabilitation of upper limb motor function after stroke. This may promote the widespread use of the therapy in hospitals, communities, and homes for early and continuous treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05333497. Registered on April 11, 2022.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas , Rehabilitación de Accidente Cerebrovascular , Accidente Cerebrovascular , Humanos , Puntos de Acupuntura , Estimulación Eléctrica , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Recuperación de la Función/fisiología , Accidente Cerebrovascular/diagnóstico , Accidente Cerebrovascular/terapia , Accidente Cerebrovascular/complicaciones , Rehabilitación de Accidente Cerebrovascular/métodos , Revisiones Sistemáticas como Asunto , Resultado del Tratamiento , Extremidad SuperiorRESUMEN
Blueberry wine pomace is rich in pectin, which has been extensively used as a functional dietary fiber and a rheological modifier in the food industry. This paper reports a method to extract the pectin-rich fraction (PF) with a mediate degree of esterification of 51.66% from blueberry wine pomace and provides insight into its relationship between the structure and rheological properties. The impacts of related extrinsic factors, such as sucrose, ions and pH, were also studied in view of food applications. The viscosity of PF aqueous dispersion gradually increased with its concentration. The addition of sucrose, CaCl2 or NaCl to the solution resulted in increased viscosity. However, the elevations in temperature and pH led to decrease in solution viscosity. The viscoelastic property of PF dispersion displayed strong temperature dependence but weak frequency dependence. This was largely due to PF concentration, sucrose, CaCl2 and solution pH. The present study revealed the unique characteristic of medium-methoxylated pectin fraction and the obtained results are helpful in value-added utilization of blueberry wine pomace.