Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Ajania plants / 中国中药杂志

Ajania belonging to the subtribe Artemisiinae of Anthemideae(Asteraceae) is a genus of semi-shrubs closely related to Chrysanthemum. There are 24 species of Ajania in northwestern China, most of which are folk herbal medicines with strong stress tolerance. Modern medical studies have demonstrated that the chemical constituents of Ajania mainly include terpenoids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, alkynes, and essential oils. These compounds endow the plants with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antimalarial, antioxidant, and insecticide effects. In this study, we reviewed the research progress in the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Ajania, aiming to provide reference for the further research and development of Ajania.

Inter-spacecraft offset frequency setting strategy in the Taiji program.

For controlling the beat frequency of heterodyne interferometry so that the Taiji program can detect gravitational waves in space, an offset frequency setting strategy based on a linear programming algorithm is proposed. Considering factors such as Doppler frequency shift, phase-locking scheme, laser relative intensity noise, and phase detector bandwidth, inter-spacecraft offset frequency setting results suitable for the Taiji program are obtained. During the six years of running the detection process, the use of frequency bounds in the range of [5 MHz, 25 MHz] showed that offset frequencies will remain unchanged for a maximum of 1931 days. If the upper and lower bounds are adjusted, and the relative motion between spacecraft is further constrained, the offset frequencies do not need to change during the time of the mission. These results may provide insights into selecting the phase detector and designing operation parameters such as orbit and laser modulation frequency in the Taiji program.

Traditional Chinese Medicine excessive pattern correlation analysis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated acute exacerbation of chronic pulmonary heart disease / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To explore the correlation between Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) excessive patterns and clinical characteristics of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) complicated with chronic pulmonary heart disease (CPHD) in high altitude environment.Methods:Patients with acute exacerbation of COPD complicated with CPHD admitted to the Pulmonology Department of Qinghai Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2016 to November 2017 were selected. Demographic data and clinical medical characteristics data of the patients were collected, and TCM patterns differentiation was conducted. The correlation between each pattern type and clinical characteristics and all collected laboratory indexes were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.Results:Phlegm obstructing lung pattern showed a negative correlation relationship with mMRC score [ OR=0.419, 95% CI (0.219-0.802), P=0.009], PCT [ OR=8.132×10 -11, 95% CI (1.632×10 -16-4.1×10 -5), P<0.001], Hb [ OR=0.971, 95% CI (0.952-0.989), P=0.002] and PaCO 2[ OR=0.914, 95% CI (0.853-0.980), P=0.011]; turbid phlegm obstructing lung pattern showed a negative correlation relationship with gender(0 male, 1 female) [ OR=0.427, 95% CI (0.204-0.892), P=0.024], Hb [ OR=0.960, 95% CI (0.945-0.975), P<0.001], and there was a positive correlation relationship with LVEF [ OR=1.061, 95% CI (1.006-1.118), P=0.028]; phlegm-heat obstructing lung pattern showed a negative correlation relationship with Hb [ OR=0.950, 95% CI (0.927-0.974), P<0.001]and cardiac function grade [ OR=0.468, 95% CI (0.248,0.881), P=0.019], and there was a positive correlation relationship with PCT [ OR=1.118×10 8, 95% CI (1.466×10 4-8.523×10 11), P<0.001] and D-D [ OR=2.283, 95% CI (1.300-4.010), P=0.004]; there was a negative correlation between phlegm and stasis blocking lung pattern with cardiac function grade[ OR=0.309, 95% CI (0.167-0.570), P<0.001], and there was a positive correlation relationship with Hb[ OR=1.060, 95% CI (1.042-1.078), P<0.001]; there was a negative correlation between wet phlegm and blood stasis heat pattern with PCT [ OR=1.266×10 -13, 95% CI (1.658×10 -21-0.1×10 -4), P<0.001], SaO 2 [ OR=0.934, 95% CI (0.892-0.979), P=0.004], LVEF [ OR=0.896, 95% CI (0.826-0.971), P=0.008], D-D [ OR=0.030, 95% CI (0.002-0.508), P=0.015], and there was a positive correlation relationship with CRP [ OR=1.042, 95% CI (1.018-1.067), P<0.001], RBC [ OR=3.411, 95% CI (1.684-6.910), P<0.001], cardiac function grade [ OR=8.573, 95% CI (2.410-30.504), P<0.001], pulmonary arterial pressure difference [ OR=2.091, 95% CI (1.243-3.516), P=0.005]. Conclusions:Male patients are more prone to phlegm and turbidities than female patients. PCT and D-D were the main risk factors of phlegm-heat obstruction syndrome. Elevated hemoglobin is a risk factor for patients with phlegm stasis and lung syndrome. Heart function classification is the main risk factor of phlegm-dampness-stasis heat syndrome.

A randomized controlled study on the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced oral mucositis by Chinese herbal compound prescription / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of conventional western medicine therapy and oral traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound in the prevention and treatment of radiotherapy-inducedoral mucositis (RTOM) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Methods:A randomized, single-center, and open-label controlled experiment was conducted. Software Stata was used to generate random numbers, and 100 subjects were randomly assigned to two groups ata 1∶1 ratio, namely the integrated Chinese and western medicine group(the integrated group) and the conventional western medicine group. This study focused on the incidence of level-ⅢRTOM, followed by these verity degree of RTOM, therisk of malnutrition, and safety.Results:The incidences of level-III RTOM in the integrated group and the conventional western medicine group were 18% and 46%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=9.007, P=0.003). Compared to the integrated group, the conventional western medicine group showed a significantly increase dseverity degree of RTOM ( OR=3.269, 95% CI: 1.627-6.567, P<0.001) and higher risk of malnutrition ( OR=3.021, 95% CI: 1.786-5.109, P<0.001). Moreover, compared to the integrated group, the conventional western medicine group showed decrease dincidence of thirst (48.97% and 72.00% respectively; χ2=5.493, P=0.019) and decreased incidence of neutrophilcount reduction(12.24% and 30.00%, respectively, χ2=4.668, P=0.031). The incidence of mild/moderate adverse events related to TCM compound was 4.08%(2/49), and no serious adverse events related to TCM compound were observed. Conclusions:Compared to the conventional western medicine regimen, the integrated Chinese and western medicine regimen IS more effective in the prevention and treatment of RTOM. Meanwhile, its clinical application is safe and reliable.

Comparison of pedicle subtraction osteotomy or vertebroplasty combined with long segment fixation in treating nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures with kyphosis / 中华创伤杂志

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy of pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) versus vertebroplasty (VP) combined with long segment fixation for nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures with kyphosis.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 72 patients with nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures with kyphosis admitted to Jiangnan Hospital affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2010 to December 2017. There were 16 males and 56 females, aged 55-84 years [(68.2±5.2)years]. Level of injury was located at T 11 in 3 patients, at T 12 in 19, at L 1 in 31, and at L 2 in 19. According to the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) classification, 31 patients were scaled as grade D and 41 grade E. Overall, 51 patients were treated with PSO combined with long segment fixation (PSO group) and 21 patients treated with VP combined with long segment fixation (VP group). The operation time and bleeding volume were compared between the two groups. Before operation, at postoperative 2 weeks and at the last follow-up, the kyphotic Cobb angle, sagittal vertical axis (SVA), thoracic kyphosis (TK) and lumbar kyphosis (LL) were used to evaluate the osteotomy effect, and the visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were used to evaluate the degree of pain and lumbar function recovery. The improvement of ASIA grade was observed at the last follow-up. The complications were observed as well. Results:All patients were followed up for 24-46 months [(33.2±5.9)months].The operation time and bleeding volume were more in PSO group than in VP group (all P<0.01). Before operation, the kyphotic Cobb angle, SVA, TK and LL were not significantly different between the two groups (all P>0.05). At postoperative 2 weeks, TK was not significantly different between the two groups ( P>0.05), while PSO group showed significantly decrease of kyphotic Cobb angle and SVA and increase of LL when compared with VP group ( P<0.05 or 0.01). At the last follow-up, the kyphotic Cobb angle, SVA and TK in PSO group were (8.5±1.1)°, (2.6±0.5)cm and (28.8±6.2)°, respectively, significant lower than those in VP group [(14.2±1.5)°, (4.4±0.9)cm and (32.6±5.9)°] (all P<0.05); while the LL was significantly larger in PSO group [(43.1±3.9)°] than in VP group [(36.9±5.3)°] ( P<0.01). Before operation, the VAS and ODI were not significantly different between the two groups (all P>0.05). At postoperative 2 weeks, the VAS and ODI in the two groups were also not significantly different (all P>0.05), but both were greatly decreased from the preoperative level (all P<0.05). At the last follow-up, the VAS and ODI in PSO group were (1.4±0.5)points and 22.5±2.5, significant higher than (1.8±0.6)points and 25.5±5.1 in VP group (all P<0.01). At the last follow-up, the ASIA classification was grade E in all patients. There were 1 patient suffering from dural matter tear and 1 from proximal junctional kyphosis in PSO group. Whereas 3 patients had bone cement leaking and 1 pedicle screw loosening in PVP group. The complication rate was 3.9% (2/51) in PSO group, significant lower than 19.0%(4/21) in VP group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with VP group in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fractures with kyphosis, PSO combined with long segment fixation is much effective in improving kyphosis angle and spinal axial imbalance correction, maintaining vertebral height and spinal axial stability in middle- to long-term, improving pain and dysfunction and minimizing complications, regardless of more operation time and bleeding volume.

Apoptosis-like bacterial death modulated by photoactive hyperthermia nanomaterials and enhanced wound disinfection application.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is considered as an efficient therapeutic strategy for wound disinfection. However, there is a dilemma that on the one hand, the high PTT temperature for killing bacteria (>58 °C) could cause serious injury to normal tissue, however, low-temperature results in unsatisfactory treatment efficiency. To settle the issue, we have proposed a novel approach to gently kill bacteria in an apoptosis-like mode via PTT, in which the bacteria can maintain intact membranes but cannot proliferate. This is different from the typical necrosis-like mode of bacterial cell death requiring higher temperatures. We found that PTT prefers to trigger the gradual efflux of Ca2+/Mg2+ ions from the bacterial intracellular content rather than directly destroy the outer membranes, but can cause the dynamic variation of the membrane surface micromorphology. Hence, the microbial viability of E. coli can be dynamically changed from the live state to an apoptosis-like state (45-55 °C), then to apoptosis/necrosis (ca. 58 °C), and finally to necrosis (>61 °C). Based on this strategy, we can kill bacteria through an apoptosis-like mode. Better healing efficacy of mice wounds was achieved at a PTT temperature of 50 °C as compared to that at 58 °C, which sheds light on the wound disinfection and healing applications in clinics with a mild PTT strategy.

Chemical constituents of Psidium guajava and their antitumor and antifungal activities / 中国中药杂志

Twenty-six compounds, including sixteen meroterpenoids(1-16), a triterpenoid(17), four terpenoid derivatives(18-21), and five aromatic compounds(22-26), were isolated from the leaves of Psidium guajava. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic analyses including NMR and MS. Compounds 21-26 were obtained from plants of Psidium for the first time. Based on the structure,(R)-2-ethylhexyl 2H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylate(24 a), an α-glucosidase inhibitor recently isolated from Paramignya trimera, should be revised as compound 24. Meroterpenoids 1-16 were evaluated for their antitumor and antifungal activities. Meroterpenoids psiguajadial D(4), guapsidial A(5), 4,5-diepipsidial A(7), guadial A(14), and guadial B(15) showed cytotoxicities against five human tumor cell lines(HL-60, A-549, SMMC-7721, MCF-7, and SW-480), among which 5 was the most effective with an IC_(50) of 3.21-9.94 μmol·L~(-1).

Efficacy of "Bushen Huoxue" therapy in patients with transfusion related iron overload in chronic aplastic anemia / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To explore the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) therapy in patients with transfusion related iron overload diagnosed with chronic aplastic anemia (CAA). 【Methods】 A total of 115 patients with CAA and iron overload who had been admitted to Zhejiang Provincal Hospital of TCM from February 2015 to December 2016 were studied. They were assigned to treatment group(n=69), positive control group(n=16), and negative control group(n=30) according to different treatment plan designed in advance. Patients in the treatment group were treated with TCM of "Bushen Huoxue" recipe once a day, with the formula mixed with astragalus 40 g, rehmannia 12 g, cornus 12 g, deerhorn glue melting by heat 12 g, atractylodes 20 g, radix paeoniae alba 20 g, curculigo orchioides 10 g, herba epimedii 10 g, cistanche 12 g, cassia stem 10 g, dried orange peel 8 g, poria 10, gingembre 6 g, angelica sinensis 20 g, salvia miltiorrhiza 20 g, zedoary 9 g, leonurus 30 g, gromwell 15 g, and prepared liquorice root 6 g. Patients in positive control group were treated with desferrioxamine for more than 8 h per day, 5 to 7 days per week. Patients in negative control group were treated with basic treatment.The serum ferritin (SF) and cytokines of patients of the three groups before and 3 months after therapy were detected according to the blood-stasis of TCM symptom rating scale, and the correlation between the decrease of ferritin after treatment and the improvement of blood stasis syndrome score was analyzed. 【Results】 The level of SF of the treatment group, positive and negative control group before treatment were 1 881.63±1 386.81 vs 6 581.36±5 180.96 vs1 974.25±1 753.06, and were 2 040.14±1 484.27 vs 4 169.18±3 631.64(P<0.05)vs 2 699.80±2 352.34(P<0.05) 3 months after treatment. The treatment was effctive in 16 patients in treatment group, accounted for 23.19%(16/69). The score of blood stasis syndrome of the three groups before and after treatment were 4.26±1.45vs 6.88±1.31 vs 4.17±1.18 and 4.42±1.43 vs 5.00±0.89 vs 4.67±1.51(P<0.01), respectively. The effective rate of improving blood stasis syndrome score in the treatment group was up to 26.09%. The decrease of serum ferritin was positively correlated with the improvement of blood stasis score (P < 0.01). The levels of IL-6 and IL-10 in treatment group were 20.79±14.14 and 56.27±25.54 before treatment, 13.00±6.48 and 41.02±9.93(P<0.05)3 months after treatment, respectively. 【Conclusion】 "Bushen Huoxue" therapy can stabilize the the level of SF and improve the blood stasis syndrome in CAA patients with iron overload.

Strengthening and improving the integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in severe tetanus therapy: retrospective study and analysis of survive and decease cases / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To investigate the perfection and improvement of the execution of integrative medicine therapy in severe tetanus therapy, to successfully control tetanus severe spasms, autonomic dysfunction and prevent lethal side-effect of prolong and high-dosage sedative-muscle-relaxant therapy, resulted in significant reduction of mortality of tetanus.Methods:Symptoms, treatments and outcome of tetanus patients admitted to Peking University Third Hospital from 1965 to 2020 were reviewed. Patients were classified with Ablett classification. The cases of Ablett grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ were severe tetanus. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they were treated together with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) simultaneously during the standard tetanus treatment; the patients in the TCM group were divided into the tetanus TCM medication group and the non tetanus TCM medication group according to the medicine provided whether was in accord with the conventional tetanus TCM prescriptions. The mortality of each group was calculated. In addition, one survived and one deceased case with severe convulsion, autonomic nerve dysfunction (Ablett grade Ⅳ) were selected, combined with the treatment methods and curative effects, the types, use methods and outcomes of Chinese and Western medicine were analyzed.Results:The 46 tetanus cases were treated with Western medicine. Twenty-two of them, TCM were applied. Fifteen of the 22 cases took the TCM prescription which was accord with the conventional tetanus prescription. The mortality of the 46 cases was 21.7% (10/46). The number of non-TCM group was 24 cases, with mortality of 20.8% (5/24); 1 case was Ablett Ⅱ, 1 was Ablett Ⅲ and 3 were Ablett Ⅳ. The number of the TCM group was 22 cases, with mortality of 22.7% (5/22), 2 cases were Ablett Ⅲ, 3 were Ablett Ⅳ. The TCM prescription of these 5 deceased cases was not directed towards tetanus. The tetanus TCM medication group was 15 cases, with no mortality. Case analyses: case 1 was intubated because of severe spasms. Autonomic dysfunction occurred on the 8th day after admission. Esmolol with increasing the dosage of the sedatives and muscle relaxant, was not effective. Tetanus TCM was applied after 2 days of autonomic dysfunction happened. Autonomic dysfunction was then under controlled on the 2nd day post-TCM. She was recovery and discharged after 4 weeks. Case 2, also was intubated because of severe spasms. Autonomic dysfunction happened on the 3rd day after admission, and failed to be controlled by large-dose sedatives, muscle relaxant, and Esmolol. After 8 days of persistent autonomic dysfunction, tetanus TCM was applied and autonomic dysfunction was under controlled on the 2nd day post-TCM administration. Large dosage of muscle-relaxant was applied continuously. After 5 days' administration of TCM, the TCM was withdrew. One day after the withdrawal of TCM, respiratory and cardiac arrest happened because of the diffused bronchiole obstruction with pulmonary secretions loading.Conclusion:Based on the precise and real-time diagnosis of the state of the disease, integrative medicine therapy with an overall analysis tetanus TCM prescription, is the key of declining tetanus mortality.

Acupuncture at Ciliao (BL 32) for prevention of postpartum urinary retention in elderly parturient women: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the preventive effect of acupuncture at Ciliao (BL 32) on postpartum urinary retention as well as the time and volume of the first urination after delivery in elderly parturient women undergoing vaginal delivery.@*METHODS@#A total of 180 elderly parturient women (≥35 years old) undergoing vaginal delivery were randomly divided into a blank control group, a conditional control group and an observation group, 60 cases in each group. The patients in the blank control group were treated with routine nursing plan; based on the treatment of the blank control group, the patients in the conditional control group were treated with additional intervention measures such as applying hot towel on the bladder and fingers pressing to stimulate urination; based on the treatment of the blank control group, the patients in the observation group were treated with acupuncture at bilateral Ciliao (BL 32) one hour after delivery for 20 min (the acupuncture was given only once). The incidence rate of postpartum urinary retention as well as the time and volume of the first urination among the women without urinary retention were observed; the satisfaction rate of the 3 groups was recorded.@*RESULTS@#The incidence rate of postpartum urinary retention in the observation group was 5.0% (3/60), which was significantly lower than 26.7% (16/60) in the blank control group (<0.01) and 16.7% (10/60) in the conditional control group (<0.05); the incidence rate of postpartum urinary retention in the conditional control group was significantly lower than that in the blank control group [16.7% (10/60) vs 26.7%(16/60), <0.05]. In the elderly women without urinary retention, the first urination time in the observation group was significantly earlier than that in the blank control group and conditional control group (<0.01), and the first urination time in the conditional control group was earlier than that in the blank control group (<0.01). The volume of first urination in the observation group was higher than that in the blank control group and the conditional control group (<0.05, <0.01). The satisfaction rates in the observation group and conditional control group were higher than that in the blank control group (<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture at Ciliao (BL 32) could effectively prevent the postpartum urinary retention, improve the time and volume of the first urination in elderly parturient women undergoing vaginal delivery.

Study on therapeutic mechanism of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata- Corni Fructus in sequelae of ischemic stroke based on network pharmacology technology / 中国中药杂志

In ischemic stroke sequela phase, Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-Corni Fructus drug pair has the effect in protecting damaged neurons, but its mechanism has not been clear. In this study, network pharmacology was used to predict the mechanism of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-Corni Fructus in the treatment of ischemic stroke sequela. Through database search and literature retrie-val, 40 active ingredients of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata and Corni Fructus were obtained, and their targets were obtained through STITCH and TCMSP databases. The targets of ischemic stroke sequela were obtained through OMIM,GAD,TTD and DrugBank databases. By screening the intersections of active ingredients targets and stroke treatment targets, 21 potential targets were obtained. The DAVID database was used for GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis of potential targets. GO enrichment analysis showed that Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-Corni Fructus were mainly involved in regulation of blood pressure, negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling and positive regulation of angiogenesis. KEGG pathway analysis showed that Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-Corni Fructus could inhibit inflammatory response and apoptosis signaling pathway by regulating HIF-VEGFA signaling pathway in neural stem cell proliferation, TNF signaling pathway and NF-kappaB signaling pathway. Molecular docking technique was used to verify that Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-Corni Fructus component has a good binding activity with potential targets. The results showed that in ischemic stroke sequela phase, Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-Corni Fructus drug pair could play an important role in recovering neural function, promoting the proliferation of neural stem cells, angiogenesis, preventing neural cells apoptosis and regulating inflammatory factors.

Discovery and Verification of Multi-component Chinese Medicine with Anti-tumor Activity from Shuanghuanglian / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:The methods of network pharmacology were adopted to predict Multi-component Chinese Medicine （MCCM） with anti-tumor activity from Shuanghuanglian （SHL）. Furthermore， the pharmaceutical activity of CT26 colon cancer was verified in vitro and in vivo. Method:Based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database （TCMSP）， the Handbook of Active Components Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine， the Drugbank database， the Reactome database， and the Human protein reference database （HPRD）， the protein-protein interactions network （PPI） and the drug target network were built and resolved. The data was mined to discover the pharmacological effect. The anti- tumor activity of components from SHL was determined based on the nearest distance rule between the compounds and the nodes of network. And then， the anti-tumor effect of the MCCM was verified in vitro and in vivo. Result:The 3 combined compounds， baicalin， forsythoside A and chlorogenic acid with the anti-tumor activity from SHL were predicted and discovered. The verification results showed that the combination of baicalin-forsythoside A-chlorogenic acid could significantly inhibit the cell proliferation and migration compared with the control group in vitro （P<0.01）. Among CT26 bearing mice， the tumor volume and weight were significantly decreased after the combined administration of baicalin-forsythoside A-chlorogenic acid compared with the model group in vivo （P<0.01）. Conclusion:By the methods of network pharmacology， the anti-tumor activities of component of from SHL were discovered. According to the verification in vitro and in vivo， the combination of baicalin-forsythoside A-chlorogenic acid could play better anti-CT26 tumor activity.

Advances in Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicines and Its Active Ingredients Treating Dyslipidemia / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Dyslipidemia is a disease of lipid metabolism. At present, the prevalence of dyslipidemia in adults in China is as high as 40.40%. In the United States, there are more than 100 million individuals with abnormal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and the incidence rate is increasing year by year and showing a trend of becoming younger. Dyslipidemia is closely related to a variety of diseases such as fatty liver, atherosclerosis , hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, and stroke. It has now developed into a global public health problem that seriously threatens human life and health. Modern medicine believes that its pathogenesis is complicated and is related to abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin resistance (IR) and other factors. Chinese medicine ascribes it to primary asthenia-secondary sthenia syndrome, which is closely related to the liver, spleen, and kidney. It is believed that excessive fat and grease can cause phlegm and cause many diseases. In terms of its treatment, western medicine mainly uses statin chemical synthesis preparations, with stable therapeutic effect, but many adverse reactions such as myalgia, myositis, rhabdomyolysis and acute renal injury are the main factors restricting its clinical application. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history, and multi-pathway, multi-target, multi-level regulation of dyslipidemia, few adverse reactions and low drug dependence are the principal advantages of TCM in treating dyslipidemia. At present, there are more and more researches on the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia by TCM, but they are mainly focused on the observation of curative effect and the summary of prescription, and there are relatively few in-depth discussion and summary of the mechanism of TCM. Through comprehensively retrieving and collating the relevant domestic and foreign literatures in the past five years, we reviews from the perspective of effective ingredients, therapeutic pathways, and targets of action, and comprehensively introduces the latest research progress of TCM on the mechanism of regulating dyslipidemia, and put forward some suggestions for the possible research direction in the future, in order to provide new ideas and theoretical basis for TCM in clinical prevention and treatment of this disease.

Effect of hypnosis on pain and fear in the acupuncture subjects / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of hypnosis on pain and fear in the healthy acupuncture subjects.@*METHODS@#A total of 52 healthy subjects were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 26 cases in each one. In the observation group, the subjects received the first-time acupuncture under hypnosis. After wakened up and 30 min later, the subjects received the second-time acupuncture under clear consciousness condition. In the control group, the subjects received the first-time acupuncture under clear consciousness condition, 30 min later, received the second-time acupuncture under hypnosis. Likert scale was adopted to investigate the relaxation, pain sensation and the willingness in the subjects at the normal condition before acupuncture, after the first-time and the second-time acupuncture of the two groups separately. Using Boeran electronic blood pressure monitor, the pulse and blood pressure were measured in the subjects at the normal condition and after the first-time acupuncture of the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the normal condition, the relaxation degree was increased, the pain sensation decreased and the willingness enhanced after acupuncture either after hypnosis or after wakened-up in the observation group (0.05). In the control group, compared with the normal condition, after the first-time acupuncture (acupuncture in clear consciousness), the relaxation degree was decreased, pain was alleviated and the willingness was increased when acupuncture was exerted once again (0.05); compared with the first-time acupuncture, the relaxation degree was increased, pain alleviated and willingness enhanced after the second-time acupuncture (acupuncture after hypnosis) (0.05). In the control group, compared with the normal condition, the pulse was faster, both the diastolic pressure and systolic pressure were increased after the first-time acupuncture (<0.05, <0.01). In the observation group, compared with the normal condition, the pulse was getting slow and blood pressure was reduced after the first-time (acupuncture under hypnosis, <0.01). Compared with the first-time acupuncture in the control group, pulse was getting slow and blood pressure was reduced in the observation group after acupuncture under hypnosis (<0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#During acupuncture, with hypnosis combined, the fear alleviates, pain reduces and the willingness of acupuncture increases in the subjects.

Guanxin Danshen Formulation improved the effect of mesenchymal stem cells transplantation for the treatment of myocardial infarction probably via enhancing the engraftment.

Although intravenous injection is the most convenient and feasible approach for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) delivery, the proportion of donor stem cells in the target myocardium after transplantation is small. It is believed that TCM enhances the effect of stem cell therapy by improving the hostile microenvironment and promoting the migration and survival of stem cells. Guanxin Danshen (GXDS) formulation is one of the main prescriptions for clinical treatment of ischemic heart diseases in China. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of GXDS formulation administration combined with MSCs transplantation on cardiac function improvement, apoptosis, angiogenesis and survival of transplanted cells in an acute model of acute myocardial infarction (MI). After being labeled with GFP, MSCs were transplanted via intravenous injection. Meanwhile, GXDS dripping pills were given by intragastric administration for 4 weeks from 2 days before MI. Echocardiography showed moderate improvement in cardiac function after administration of GXDS formulation or intravenous transplantation of MSCs. However, GXDS formulation combined with MSCs transplantation significantly improved cardiac function after MI. The myocardial infarct size in rats treated with MSCs was similar to that in rats treated with GXDS formulation. However, GXDS formulation combined with MSCs transplantation significantly reduced infarction area. In addition, GXDS formulation combined with MSCs transplantation not only decreased cell apoptosis according to the TUNEL staining, but also enhanced angiogenesis in the peri-infarction and infarction area. Interestingly, the use of GXDS formulation increased the number of injected MSCs in the infarct area. Furthermore, GXDS formulation combined with MSCs transplantation increased SDF-1 levels in the infarcted area, but did not affect the expression of YAP. Our study provided a more feasible and accessible strategy to enhance the migration of stem cells after intravenous injection by oral administration of GXDS formulation. The combination of GXDS formulation and stem cell therapy has practical significance and application prospects in the treatment of ischemic cardiomyopathy such as MI.

Percutaneous posterior short-segment pedicle screw fixation combined with vertebroplasty for stage Ⅲ Kümmell's disease without neurological deficit / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous posterior short-segment pedicle screw fixation combined with vertebroplasty for stage Ⅲ Kümmell's disease without neurological deficit.Methods A retrospective case series study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 36 patients with stage Ⅲ Kümmell's disease without nerve injury admitted to Xiaoshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2012 to January 2017.There were 10 males and 26 females,aged 55-75 years,with an average of 67.5 years.The injuried vertebrae were located at T11 in 9 patients,at T12 in 12,at L1 in 10 and at L2 in 5.The course of disease ranged from 6 to 48 months,with an average of 28.5 months.X-ray,CT and MRI were performed before operation.All patients underwent percutaneous posterior short-segment pedicle screw fixation combined with vertebroplasty.The operation time,intraoperative bleeding volume,complications,visual analogue scale (VAS),Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI) and sagittal Cobb angle of the injured vertebrae were recorded before operation,1 week after operation and at the last follow-up.Results All patients were followed up for an average of 32.5 months (range,12-48 months).Operation time ranged from 0.6 to 1.5 hours [(1.1 ± 0.4) hours].The intraoperative blood loss was 50-90 ml [(62.5 ± 17.5)ml].There was no internal fixation failure or fracture of adjacent vertebra.The VAS was improved from preoperative (8.6-± 0.4) points to (2.5 ±0.7) points one week after operation and (2.9 ± 0.7) points at the last follow-up (P ＜ 0.05).The ODI was improved from preoperative 68.2 ± 3.9 to 22.7 ± 4.3 one week after operation and 25.3 ± 4.8 at the last follow-up (P ＜ 0.05).The Cobb angle was improved from preoperative (24.3 ± 9.3) ° to (8.6 ±3.2)° 1 week after operation and (10.5 ±4.1)° at the last follow-up (P＜0.05).Conclusion For stage Ⅲ Kümmell's disease without neurological deficit,percutaneous posterior short-segment pedicle screw fixation combined with vertebroplasty can significantly relieve pain,improve spinal function and maintain spinal stability.

Short-term efficacy of pedicle subtraction osteotomy plus long segment fixation for kyphosis in ankylosing spondylitis combined with thoracolumbar fractures / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) plus long-segment pedicle nail bar system in treating kyphosis in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) combined with thoracolumbar fractures.Methods A retrospective case series study was made on the clinical data of 13 patients with kyphosis in AS combined with thoracolumbar fractures admitted to Xiaoshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2012 to May 2016.There were 11 males and two females,aged 32-64 years [(44.3 ± 10.6) years].Two fractures occurred at T11,five at T12,three at L1,and three at L2.According to the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) classification,the spinal injuries were rated as grade B in one patient,grade C in four,grade D in five and grade E in three.All patients underwent PSO plus long-segment pedicle nail bar system.The operation duration,intraoperative blood loss,fixation segments,and complications were recorded.Thoracolumbar kyphosis angle (TL) and sagittal vertical axis (SVA) were measured to evalute the correction effect.Visual analogue scale (VAS),Oswestry disability index (ODI),ASIA grade were compared before and after operation to assess the efficacy.Results All patients were followed up for 12-18 months [(15.2 ± 1.2) months].The operation time ranged from 120 to 256 minutes [(175.2 ±40.3)minutes].The intraoperative blood loss ranged from 660 to 3 300 ml [(1 011 ±681)ml].Number of fixed seqments was 12-16 (12.2 ±0.8).Anemia occurred in one patient after operation,and the patient recovered after blood transfusion.Incision infection occurred in one patient after operation,which was improved after antibiotic treatment through osmotic culture.Compared with the detection before operation,postoperative TL was improved significantly [(52.6 ± 6.2) ° vs.(17.1 ± 3.1) °],with an average correction rate of 67.5％;final follow-up showed decreased VAS [(7.5 ± 0.7) points vs.(1.9 ± 0.6) points] and decreased ODI [(75.2 ±5.3) points vs.(22.9 ± 4.4) points] (P ＜ 0.05);SVA was improved significantly [(11.5 ± 2.1) cm vs.(3.5 ± 0.9) cm],with an average correction rate of 69.6％ (P ＜ 0.05).ASIA grade was significantly improved at the final follow-up,including grade D in three patients and grade E in ten patients (P ＜0.05).There was no case of epidural hematoma or infection after operation,and no loosening of internal fixator or pseudarthrosis formation occurred during follow-up.Conclusion For kyphosis in AS combined with thoracolumbar fractures,PSO osteotomy plus long segment pedicle nail bar system treatment can significantly reduce lower back pain and promote functional recovery.

Effects of Xiaoaiping injection assisted TP regimen on immune status,adverse reactions and quality of life in the treatment of advanced NSCLC / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Objective To explore the short-term efficacy of Xiaoaiping injection assisted TP regimen (taxotere + paraplatin)in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and its effects on immune function,adverse reactions and quality of life. Methods One-hundred cases of patients with advanced NSCLC who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2014 to October 2017 were selected as subjects,and they were randomly divided into Xiaoaiping group (n = 55)and TP group(n = 45)according to the random number table method. Patients in TP group were given TP regimen chemotherapy,and patients in Xiaoaiping group were added with Xiaoaiping injection on the basis of TP group. The short-term efficacy and changes of immune function,adverse reactions and quality of life were observed in the two groups,and statistical comparison was performed. Results After treatment,the response rates of patients in Xiaoaiping group and TP group were 49. 09％(27 / 55)and 28. 89％(13 / 45) respectively,with a significant difference(χ2 = 4. 209,P = 0. 040). After treatment,the disease control rates of patients in Xiaoaiping group and TP group were 83. 64％(46 / 55)and 73. 33％(33 / 45)respectively,with no significant difference(χ2 = 1. 584,P = 0. 208). The CD4 +(40. 98％ ± 5. 73％ vs. 33. 47％ ± 5. 06％ ), CD4 + / CD8 +(1. 53 ±0. 34 vs. 1. 25 ±0. 26)and nature killer(NK)cells(19. 59％ ± 4. 77％ vs. 17. 05％ ± 4. 12％ )in Xiaoaiping group after treatment were significantly higher than those in TP group(t = 6. 869,P <0. 001;t = 4. 542,P < 0. 001;t = 5. 609,P < 0. 001). And there was no significant difference in CD8 +between the two groups(26. 83％ ± 5. 21％ vs. 26. 58％ ± 5. 20％ ;t = 0. 239,P = 0. 812). The incidence rates of leucopenia(50. 91％ vs. 75. 56％ ),thrombocytopenia(38. 18％ vs. 66. 67％ )and hemoglobin re-duction(52. 73％ vs. 77. 78％ )in Xiaoaiping group were lower than those in TP group,with significant diffe-rences(χ2 = 6. 381,P = 0. 012;χ2 = 8. 306,P = 0. 005;χ2 = 6. 741,P = 0. 009). There were no significant differences in the incidence rates of nausea and vomiting(32. 73％ vs. 48. 89％ ),diarrhea constipation (45. 45％ vs. 60. 00％ )and liver damage(7. 27％ vs. 13. 33％ )between the two groups(χ2 = 2. 694,P =0. 101;χ2 = 2. 098,P = 0. 148;χ2 = 0. 449,P = 0. 503). After treatment,the Karnofsky functional status scores of patients in Xiaoaiping group and TP group were 81. 47 ± 11. 26 and 73. 38 ± 10. 45 respectively,and the stability rates of quality of life improvement were 78. 18％(43 / 55)and 57. 78％(26 / 45)respectively, with significant differences(t = 3. 691,P < 0. 001;χ2 = 4. 817,P = 0. 028). Conclusion Xiaoaiping injec-tion assisted TP regimen has a good short-term efficacy on advanced NSCLC,which can effectively improve immune function,reduce adverse reactions and improve the quality of life.

Clinical Efficacy of Shensuyin in Treating Adult Viral Myocarditis with Syndrome of Insufficiency of Lung-Qi / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of Shensuyin in treating viralmyocarditis (VMC) with syndrome of insufficiency of lung-qi and the effect on levels of Th17 and Treg cells and relevant factors. Method: One hundred-four VMC cases were regaded as object of study and randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 52 cases in each group. Control group was treated with routine therapy by reference to ‘Chinese Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure 2014’. In addition to the therapy of control group, observation group on the basis of treatment in the control group with Shensuyin, 1 dose/d, bid. One course of treatment was 8 weeks for both groups. Scores of Shensuyin, serum levels of Troponin I (cTnI) and cardiac free fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP), heart function and total efficacy were compared for both groups. Flow cytometry was used to detect peripheral blood levels of Th17 and Treg cells for the two groups. Serum levels of interleukin (IL) -17, IL-21, IL-10 were detected in both groups. Result: After treatment, scores of syndrome of Yin and Yang deficiency (shortness of breath, fatigue, dull chest pain, bad breath, cough) of observation group were obviously lower than those of control group (PPPPPConclusion: In addition to the routine therapy of VMC, the efficacy of Shensuyin has a significant effect in treating VMC with syndrome of lung qi deficiency, and the regulatory effect on levels of Th17 and Treg cells and relevant factors may be one of the effective ways.

Autophagy mechanism of cerebral ischemia injury and intervention of traditional Chinese medicine / 中华危重病急救医学

Autophagy is a process of degrading the damaged organelles and macromolecules by lysosomes in cells, which belongs to the programmed cell death. Cerebral ischemia is one of the important reasons for activation of autophagy. Studies have showed that autophagy plays a protective role in neuronal death induced by ischemia. However, it has also been found that excessive activation of autophagy could aggravate cerebral ischemia injury. In recent years, more and more Chinese medicine has been proved to regulate the autophagy level of brain neurons and reduce cerebral ischemia injury. In this paper, the main molecular mechanism of autophagy in the process of cerebral ischemic injury and the intervention effects of Chinese herbs on autophagy arereviewed in order to explore the basic principle of regulating autophagy by Chinese herbs and to play a better role in the clinical treatment of cerebral ischemic diseases.