Study on the objectivity and biological mechanism of Psoralea corylifolia Linn.'s 'Great dryness damages the liver' / 药学学报

According to the theory of 'Xingben Dazao' of Psoralea corylifolia Linn. (BL), the susceptible syndromes and biomarkers of liver injury caused by BL were searched. Rat models of kidney-yin deficiency syndrome (M_yin) and kidney-yang deficiency syndrome (M_yang) were established, and all animal experimental operations and welfare following the provisions of the First Affiliated Experimental Animal Ethics and Animal Welfare Committee of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No. YFYDW2020017). The results showed that BL significantly decreased the body weight, water intake, and urine weight of M_yin rats and increase the organ indexes of the liver, testis, adrenal gland, and spleen and the expression of alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Meantime, BL significantly increased the urine weight of M_yang rats and decreased the expression of ALT and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining showed that BL could aggravate inflammatory infiltration of hepatocytes in rats with M_yin and alleviate liver injury in rats with M_yang. Metabolomics identified 17 BL co-regulated significant differential metabolic markers in M_yin and M_yang rats. Among them, 8 metabolites such as glutamine, quinolinate, biliverdin, and lactosylceramide showed opposite trends, mainly involving cysteine and methionine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, purine metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerol phospholipid metabolism, glutamine metabolism, and other pathways. M_yin/M_yang may be the susceptible constitution of BL for liver damage or protection, which may be related to the regulation of amino acid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism. The study can provide some experimental data support for the safe and accurate use of BL in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine.

Study on alleviating effect of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma on Psoraleae Fructus-induced liver injury based on network pharmacology and cell experiments / 中国中药杂志

This study was designed to explore the alleviating effect and mechanism of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma against Psora-leae Fructus-induced liver injury based on network pharmacology and cell experiments. The active components of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Psoraleae Fructus were first retrieved from the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ETCM), Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP), Comparative Toxicogenomics Database(CTD), and literature and further screened by SwissADME. The obtained 25 potential toxic components of Psoraleae Fructus and 29 flavonoids in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma were input into the SwissTargetPrediction for target predication. A total of 818 targets related to liver injury were screened out based on GeneCards and MalaCards, and 91 common targets of Psoraleae Fructus, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and liver injury were obtained from Venny. STRING was applied for constructing the PPI network, and Metascape for analyzing the biological processes and signaling pathways that common targets participated in. Cytoscape was used to construct the component-target-disease network and component-target-pathway network for Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma against Psoraleae Fructus-induced liver injury. The predicted core targets were proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase(SRC), phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase subunit alpha(PIK3 CA), RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase(AKT1), etc, with PI3 K-AKT signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, apoptosis, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and NF-κB signaling pathway mainly involved. Following the scree-ning of the main toxic and pharmacodynamic components, the pharmacodynamic effects were investigated by cell experiments. The results showed that licochalcone A was mainly responsible for alleviating coryfolin-induced liver injury, licochalcone B for coryfolin-and psoralidin-induced liver injury, and echinatin for corylifolinin-and bakuchiol-induced liver injury. The preliminary revealing of the alleviating effect of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma on Psoraleae Fructus-induced liver injury and the prediction of related mechanisms will provide reference for further mechanism research and reasonable clinical compatibility.

Acupoint thread-embedding as adjuvant therapy for bronchial asthma in children and its effect on pulmonary function, serum IgA and IgE levels / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the efficacy of acupoint thread-embedding combined with fluticasone propionate aerosol for chronic persistent bronchial asthma of lung-spleen @*METHODS@#A total of 120 children with chronic persistent bronchial asthma were randomly divided into an observation group (60 cases, 9 cases dropped off) and a control group (60 cases, 7 cases dropped off). The control group was treated with fluticasone propionate aerosol (125 μg per inhalation), twice a day; based on the control group treatment, the observation group was treated with acupoint thread-embedding at Dingchuan (EX-B 1), Feishu (BL 13), Zusanli (ST 36) and Danzhong (CV 17), once half a month. Both groups were treated for 3 months. The pulmonary function, serum IgA, IgE levels and TCM symptom score were compared between the two groups before and after treatment, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the large airway function (peak expiratory flow [PEF], forced expiratory volume at the first second [FEV1]) and small airway function (maximal expiratory flow at 25% of the forced capacity [MEF25%], maximal expiratory flow at 50% of the forced capacity [MEF50%], maximal expiratory flow at 75% of the forced capacity [MEF75%] and midexpiratory flow 25%-75% [MEF25%-75%]) were higher than those before treatment (@*CONCLUSION@#Acupoint thread-embedding combined with fluticasone propionate aerosol could improve the pulmonary function, TCM symptoms and serum IgA and IgE levels in children with chronic persistent bronchial asthma of lung-spleen

Effect of Modified Shuyuwan on Neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 Dementia Mice Based on Nlrp3/ASC/Caspase-1 Signaling Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of modified Shuyuwan in amyloid precursor protein/ presenilin 1 （APP/PS1） dementia mice on cognitive and memory impairment and to explore its mechanism. Method:The 40 APP/PS1 mice were divided into model group （given Physiological saline）， low and high-dose modified Shuyuwan （14，64 g·kg^-1）group， and donepezil group （1 mg·kg^-1） and 10 wild mice were set as the blank control group （given Physiological saline）. All of the mice were administered intragastrically for 35 days. The memory and space exploration ability of mice was detected by Morris water maze， the morphology of mouse hippocampal neurons were observed by Nissl staining. The deposition of <italic>β </italic>amyloid 1-42（A<italic>β</italic>_1-42） in mouse hippocampus was detected by immunohistochemistry， and the expression of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1（Iba1）， a marker of hippocampal microglia （MG） and Nitric oxide synthase（iNOS）， a marker of actived MG， were detected by immunofluorescence. The protein expression of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3（Nlrp3）， Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a Caspase-recruitment domain （ASC）， cysteine protease-1（Caspase-1）and interleukin-1 beta （IL-1<italic>β</italic>） were detected by Western blot， and the expression of IL-1<italic>β</italic>， tumor necrosis factor-<italic>α</italic>（TNF-<italic>α</italic>）and interleukin-18 （IL-18） mRNA were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. Result:Compared with the blank control group， the memory and space exploration ability of the model group were significantly reduced （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， the number of hippocampal neurons decreased， the deposition of A<italic>β</italic>_1-42 increased， the markers of actived MG Iba1，iNOS increased， the protein expression of Nlrp3， ASC， Caspase-1， IL-1<italic>β</italic> increased significantly （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， and the mRNA expression of IL-1<italic>β</italic>， IL-18， and TNF-<italic>α</italic> increased significantly （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Compared with model group， the Chinese medicine group can improve the APP/PS1 mice's space exploration ability and memory ability （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， increase the number of hippocampal neurons， reduce A<italic>β</italic>_1-42 deposition， reduce the activation of MG， and reduce the protein expression of Nlrp3， ASC， Caspase-1 and IL-1<italic>β</italic> （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， and reduced the expression of IL-1<italic>β</italic> mRNA （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:Modified Shuyuwan can reduce the expression of IL-1<italic>β</italic> and other inflammatory factors in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice by inhibiting the Nlrp3/ASC/Caspase-1 pathway， and relieve nerve inflammation and pathological injury of AD.

Advances in Study of Chinese Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Immune Response to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as a common respiratory disease characterized by progressive development, not only has the incidence increased year by year, but also has a high disability and mortality rate, which brings serious economic burden to patients. Immune response plays an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD. Studies have shown that COPD is closely related to the disorder of autoimmune function, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) interferes with the disease process of COPD by mediating immune response. This paper mainly contains four kinds of research contents of TCM intervention on COPD immune response, namely T lymphocyte subsets count, immunoglobulin count, Th17/Treg dynamic balance, Th1/Th2 dynamic balance and related signaling pathways. In order to provide new reference and ideas for experimental research, a brief review is made at the end of this paper.

Exploration of new teaching mode of based on three-dimensional practice platform / 中国针灸

The new teaching mode of based on the practice platform was explored so as to promote the mutual benefits for both teaching and learning. As the basic course of acupuncture-moxibustion and specialty, is the core theoretical and practical course. Through the establishment of on-campus practice platforms, e.g. the Technique Association of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and , physical therapy room of acupuncture-moxibustion and and the practical platform for promoting outside-campus medical service, in accordance with the teaching mode of "theory → practice → re-theory → re-practice", the class teaching of theory and the skill training were optimized, the three-dimensional practice platforms for teaching was constructed, meaning "class teaching → on-campus practice → social service". This teaching mode motivates the enthusiasm of teaching and learning, improves the teaching quality of , enhances the professional theoretical level as well as the clinical practice ability. Such teaching mode plays a positive role in the cultivation of talents of acupuncture-moxibustion and .

Screening of serum susceptibility biomarkers in patients with mild liver function abnormalities based on non-targeted metabolomics / 中国中药杂志

In the present study,non-targeted metabolomics technique was used to screen potentially susceptibility biomarkers in patients with mild liver function abnormalities during long-term use of Chinese herbal compound. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,we collected 7 cases of patients with abnormal liver function during the period of complete taking Chinese herbal medicine( 60 days),and 18 cases of patients with normal liver function in re-examination from the reproductive medicine center in our hospital. Ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry( UPLC-Q-TOF/MS~E) technique combined with Progenesis QI software was used to analyze the differential biomarkers in serum of patients with wild liver function abnormalities and normal liver function. 11 potential biomarkers such as bilirubin,pantothenic acid,hippuric acid,sphingomyelin,palmitic acid,and oleic acid were tentatively identified. Metabolic disorders in patients with herbal-induced mild liver abnormality were mainly related to two pathways: pantothenic acid and coenzyme A biosynthesis and linoleic acid metabolism. It could provide a reference for the early warning of mild liver function abnormalities of patients that may be caused by long-term use of Chinese medicine compound in clinical application,and will lay a foundation for further understanding the endogenous substance changes in different levels of liver injury.

Signal Pathways Relating to Prevention and Treatment of Airway Remodeling in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disease with a high morbidity, disability and mortality. At the same time, COPD is always accompanied by pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary fibrosis, chronic pulmonary heart disease, right heart failure and other common serious complications. All of these cause serious financial burden for the family of patients. Airway remodeling plays an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD. It is the progressive development of airflow restriction that induces the main symptoms of COPD, such as cough, asthma and depression. Therefore, it is of great research value to explore the intervention of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in the development of COPD by alleviating airway remodeling. Studies have shown that multiple signaling pathways can induce progressive airway remodeling, and the therapeutic effect of TCM has been frequently confirmed by experimental studies. TCM often has a therapeutic effect on COPD through multi-target and multi-channel mediation. This paper mainly includes five signaling pathways that traditional Chinese medicine can intervene COPD airway remodeling, namely matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)/tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMPs), transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1/Smads, RhoA/Rho-associated kinase (ROCK), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/b-fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB. This paper briefly reviews the research progress of these five signaling pathways, and discusses other signaling pathways that may be involved, in order to provide reference and ideas for future experimental research.

Relationship Between Rotavirus and TLRs and Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Rotavirus (RV) infection of human body is mainly colonized in human intestinal epithelial cells, which results in small intestinal epithelial cell damage, and then induces diarrhea, fever and other symptoms. It is one of the most common causes of infantile diarrhea. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), as a kind of pattern recognition receptors, play an important role in the host immune system after virus infection. After different viruses infect human body, various pathogens trigger the host immune response through TLRs, induce the release of various cytokines, and stimulate a series of inflammatory reactions, such as fever, cough and diarrhea, which may further lead to more serious adverse consequences. According to the findings, the anti-inflammatory and anti-viral mechanisms of various effective drugs developed for different pathogens may be closely related to the intervention of TLRs signaling pathway and the regulation of immune response. A large number of studies have shown that rotavirus infection can induce inflammation by affecting the expressions of related proteins and genes in Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signal transduction pathways, stimulating the release of inflammatory cytokines and inducing inflammatory response. Some studies on the mechanism of drug treatment for rotavirus diarrhea also started with TLRs, but only a few clinical and experimental studies on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and rotavirus diarrhea involve TLRs signaling pathway. Therefore, this article will focus on the relationship between TLRs signaling pathway and different viral infections, especially with rotavirus infection, in three aspects:viral infection and TLRs signaling pathway, RV infection and TLRs signaling pathway, and the research of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of rotavirus diarrhea, in order to guide the clinical and experimental studies on the treatment of rotavirus diarrhea with TCM based on TLR3 and TLR4 signaling pathways.

Ideas for New Drug Discovery of Prevention and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy Based on “Holistic View” in Tibetan Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Diabetic nephropathy(DN) is a kind of severe diabetes mellitus(DM) complications,which is one of the most common cause of end-stage renal failure.The incidence of DN increases with the increase of the number of DM patients,and early prevention is the key.DM and DN are characteristic advantages of Tibetan medicine,the "holistic view" of dynamic balance based on the three major factors in the body(Sanyin,included rlung,mkhris-pa and bad-gan) is a unique understanding of DM and DN among Tibetan medical practitioners,and which has rich and unique clinical and medication experiences in DN treatment.This paper discussed the medical theory "holistic view" on the Tibetan medicine for DM and DN,dug commonly used Tibetan drugs and Tibetan medical prescriptions for clinical treatment of DN,in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of DN and the discovery of new drugs for DN, and give full play to the unique advantages of Tibetan medicine.

Effect of long-term intake of ginseng extracts on gut microbiota in rats / 中国中药杂志

As a traditional Chinese medicine in China, ginseng has a wide range of medicinal and health value. At present, the nutritional value of ginseng as a medicinal food has been a hotspot in studies. Intestinal flora plays an important role in the organism, which has been confirmed by many researchers. In order to find out the effect of long-term intake of ginseng extracts on the gut microbiota structure of rats, MiSeq sequencing platform was applied in macro gene sequencing of cecal contents in the long-term use of ginseng extracts modelin rats. According to the findings, after long-term administration with ginseng extracts, probiotics such as Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Allobaculum and Clostridium, in the intestinal flora of rats were significantly increased, suggesting that long-term intake of ginseng extracts could facilitate the growth of probiotics. Meanwhile, some pathogenic bacteria, such as Butyricimonas, Parabacteroides, Alistipes, Helicobacter, were significantly down-regulated, indicating that long-term intake of ginseng extracts may have a positive effect in inhibiting the colonization of pathogenic bacteria. In conclusion, this study provided an important basis for the research on the effect of long-term use of ginseng extracts on the intestinal flora of rats.

Clinical Observation of Staging Treatment with Various Acupuncture Therapies Mainly on Yifeng Point for Peripheral Facial Paralysis / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of staging treatment with various acupuncture therapies mainly on Yifeng (TE17) point for the treatment of peripheral facial paralysis. Methods One hundred and two peripheral facial paralysis patients were randomly divided into trial group and control group, 51 patients in each group. The trial group was given acupuncture mainly on Yifeng point, by Yang needling(plum-blossom needling) for acute stage, Qi needling(concentrated triple-needling) for resting stage and Bang needling(lateral needling) for recovery stage. The control group was given conventional acupuncture. The treatment for the two groups was performed once a day, 5 continuous days constituted a course, and the treatment lasted 3 courses. Before treatment and after treatment for 1, 2, 3 course (s), facial nerve function scores were evaluated with House-Brackmann Grading Scale (HB) and the scores of pain in head and face were evaluated with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). And the clinical efficacy of the two groups was assessed after treatment. Results (1) After treatment for 3 courses, the cure rate and total effective rate of the trial group were 82.35％, 100.00％, and those of the control group were 60.78％, 86.27％, respectively. The differences between the two groups were significant (P <0.05). (2) After treatment, HB scores and VSA scores of patients with facial pain and headache in the two groups were improved after treatment (P < 0.05 compared with those before treatment), and the improvement in the trial group was superior to that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Staging treatment with various acupuncture therapies mainly on Yifeng point is more effective for the treatment of peripheral facial paralysis than conventional acupuncture.

Therapeutic Observation of Stage-based Treatment of Peripheral Facial Paralysis with Yifeng (TE 17) as the Major Point Treated by Different Acupuncture Methods / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of stage-based treatment of peripheral facial paralysis with Yifeng (TE 17) selected as the major point treated by different acupuncture methods.Method A total of 102 patients with peripheral facial paralysis were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 51 cases each. The treatment group was intervened by selecting Yifeng (TE 17) as the major point, treated with centro-square needling in the acute stage, triple needling in the resting stage, and proximal needling in the remission stage; the control group was intervened by ordinary acupuncture. The two groups were treated once a day, 5 d as a course of treatment. Before and after 3 treatment courses, the House Brackmann (HB) facial nerve grading scale and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in those patients complicated with pain were observed, and the clinical efficacies were compared.Result The total effective rate and recovery rate were respectively 100.0％ and 82.3％ in the treatment group versus 86.3％ and 60.8％ in the control group, and the between-group differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The HB scores were significantly changed respectively after 1, 2 and 3 treatment courses in the two groups compared with the pre-treatment scores (P<0.05). The HB scores in the treatment group were significantly different from those in the control group respectively after 1, 2 and 3 treatment courses (P<0.05). The patients complicated with facial pain or headache presented significant differences in VAS score respectively after 1, 2 and 3 treatment courses in the two groups (P<0.05). In comparing the VAS score in the patients complicated with facial pain or headache, there were significant differences between the two groups respectively after 1, 2 and 3 treatment courses (P<0.05).Conclusion Stage- based treatment with Yifeng (TE 17) selected as the major point treated with different acupuncture methods can produce valid efficacy in treating peripheral facial paralysis.

Tetramethylpyrazine protects lymphocytes from radiation-induced apoptosis through nuclear factor-κB / 中国天然药物

AIM@#Radiation induces an important apoptosis response in irradiated organs. The objective of this study was to investigate the radioprotective effect of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on irradiated lymphocytes and discover the possible mechanism of protection.@*METHOD@#Lymphocytes were pretreated for 12 h with TMP (25-200 μmol·L(-1)) and then exposed to 4 Gy radiation. Cell apoptosis and the signaling pathway were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Irradiation increased cell death, DNA fragmentation, activated caspase activation and cytochrome c translocation, downregulated B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and up-regulated Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax). Pretreated with TMP significantly reversed this tendency. Several anti-apoptotic characteristics of TMP, including the ability to increase cell viability, inhibit caspase-9 activation, and upregulate Bcl-2 and down-regulate Bax in 4Gy-irradiated lymphocytes were determined. Signal pathway analysis showed TMP could translate nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) from cytosol into the nucleus.@*CONCLUSION@#The results suggest that TMP had a radioprotective effect through the NF-κB pathway to inhibit apoptosis, and it may be an effective candidate for treating radiation diseases associated with cell apoptosis.

Urine metabonomic study on long-term use of total ginsenosides in rats / 中国中药杂志

Due to its effect of systems regulation and promotion on body, Ginseng is always referred to be long-term used as a dietary supplement. But it was still unclear about its target of the tonic effects and also the side-effects long-term use may bring. Urine metabolomic method is suitable for long-term studies of pharmaco-dynamics, pharmacology and toxicology of traditional Chinese medicine because of its characteristics of non-invasive and monitoring the whole-body metabolism. This study was designed to detect the dynamic variation of rat urine metabolome along with a long-term administration of total ginsenosides using GC-TOF based metabolomic technology. Our result showed that either short-term or chronic administration of ginsenosides did not impact the rat urine metabolome significantly (as the PCA subgroup was not successful). By comparison, the short-term (1-3 w) dose of ginsenosides had the biggest metabolic influence including TCA cycle, catecholamines and neurotransmitter amino acids. Medium-term (6-10 w) dose had a gradually lower effect and long-term (27 w) dose almost had no effect. Our study indicates that both short and long-term administration of ginsenosides showed almost no obvious side-effect on the experimental animals.

Comparative study of main components of ginseng on immune function of rats / 中国中药杂志

Ginseng and its effective components are famous for their influence to enhance human immunity, regulate endocrine and antioxidant action. However, the different effects of different components are not clear. In this study, Wistar rats were used to study the effects of main components of ginseng, including total ginsenoside, panaxadiol saponins, panaxtrol saponin and ginseng polysaccharide. The results showed that the effects of panaxadiol saponins and ginseng polysaccharide on improving animal immune organ weight, plasma interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 6 (IL-6), plasma gamma-interferon (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were better than that of the other groups. Total ginsenoside and panaxtrol saponin can effectively increase the concentration of spleen NK cells (NKC) while panaxadiol saponins and ginseng polysaccharide can significantly increase the concentrations of rat plasma adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), corticosterone (CORT) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). As for the effect of increasing organization nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), total ginsenoside is better than that of other groups. In brief, different components in ginseng possess different effects on enhancing immunity, regulating endocrine and resisting oxidation. Panaxadiol saponins and ginseng polysaccharide are better in enhancing immune, and total ginsenoside shows advantages in resisting oxidation and stress.

Chemical constituents of glucoside fraction from Liuwei Dihuang Gantang / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study chemical constituents of glucoside fraction from Liuwei Dihuang Gantang and clarify its substance foundation of active constituents.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Glucoside fraction was prepared by macroporous resin chromatography. Constituents were separated by silica gel and reverse phase silica gel column chromatography, and their structures were identified by MS and NMR.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Eleven compounds were separated and identified as 7-dehydrologanin (1), 7alpha-O-methylmorroniside (2), 7beta-O-methylmorroniside (3), 7alpha-O-ethylmorroniside (4), 7beta-O-ethylmorroniside (5), morroniside (6), sweroside (7), loganin (8), paeoniflorin (9), paeonolide (10) and loganic acid (11).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All of those compounds were separated from Liuwei Dihuang Gantang for the first time.</p>

Effect of Erzhi Pill (二至丸) on improving cerebral nerve cell apoptosis in aging rats / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of Erzhi Pill (二至丸,EZP) on nerve cell apoptosis in senescence model rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The rats model of senescence was established by peritoneal D-galactose injection combined with thymusectomy. Forty SD rats were randomized into four groups, the normal control group, the senescence model group, the EZP treated group, and the vitamins treated group, 10 in each group. The rats were made into senescence model except those in the normal group. In the same time of D-galactose injection, the rats were treated respectively with distilled water, EZP 4.32 g/kg, and vitamins E and C 0.06 g/kg daily for 6 weeks via intragastric infusion. The index of main viscera (as brain, testis, etc.), serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and total anti-oxidation capacity (T-AOC) were measured after a 6-week treatment. Meanwhile, the cerebral cortex neuronal apoptosis proportion and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were detected by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Both EZP and vitamins E and C treatments showed effects on increasing testis index and serum level of T-AOC, reducing the percentage of neuronal apoptosis in the cerebral cortex, and elevating MMP in the aging rats model.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>EZP could inhibit the cerebral cortex neuron apoptosis and maintain the mitochondrial function in the senescent process of rats induced by peritoneal D-galactose injection combined with thymusectomy. It also shows antioxidation effect to some extents.</p>

Treatment of albuminuria in gestational hypertension puerpera in the severe preeclampeia stage by TCM therapy for stasis-removing and diuresis / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the TCM therapy for puerperal albuminuria (PA) in patients with gestational hypertension syndrome (GHS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-two GHS patients with PA in the severe preeclampsia stage were assigned to the treated group (38 cases) and the control group (34 cases). They were treated, starting from the postpartum second day, with Nifedipine 10 mg three times per day, but to the treated group, Shenkangbao (SKB, a TCM patent drug for stasis resolving and dinresis) was given additionally at the dose of 10 g twice a day, 3 weeks as one therapeutic course for all. Changes of urinary albumin quality and quantity, plasma total protein and albumin, as well as renal function and blood pressure before and after treatment were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Significant difference after treatment between the two groups was shown in terms of percentage of cases with positive albuminuria (0.7 +/- 0.8 vs. 1.5 +/- 0.9), 24-h urinary albumin (520 +/- 480 mg vs. 1352 +/- 861 mg), plasma total protein (74.5 +/- 6.3 g/L vs. 67.8 +/- 6.2 g/L), and plasma albumin (39.4 +/- 4.5 g/L vs. 34.6 +/- 4.3 g/L, all P < 0.01); also in urinary albumin negative inversion rate (92.1% vs. 67.6%, P < 0.01). No significant difference of renal function between groups, and between pre- and post-treatment was found (P > 0.05), as for the blood pressure, it showed a significant difference between pre- and post-treatment in both groups (P < 0.01), but with no difference between groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TCM therapy for stasis-resolving and diuresis with SKB can promote the eliminating of albuminuria in puerpera in the severe preeclampsia stage.</p>

Determination of eleutheroside B in antifatigue fraction of Acanthopanax senticosus by HPLC / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop an HPLC method for the determination of eleutheroside B in As1 (the extract fraction from Acanthopanax senticosus, which has a good effect of antifatigue).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The antifatigue effect of Asl was evaluated by mice burden swimming testing. One compound was isolated by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and preparative high performance liquid chromatography. The structure was identified by physicochemical properties and spectral evidences. Eleutheroside B in Asl was determined by HPLC. Chromatographic conditions included Diamonsil C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) and the mobile phase consisting of a mixture of acetonitrile-water-ethanoic acid (10: 90: 0.01). The UV detection wavelength was set at 344 nm.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>As1 showed an excellent antifatigue activity; One compound was isolated from As1 and its structure was identified as Eleutheroside B; The calibration cure was linear in the range of 0.104-20.8 microg (r = 0.9999), the average recovery was 97.68%, RSD 1.4% (n=6).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This HPLC method is simple,accurate and reliable.</p>