[New prospects of using milk thistle (Silybum marianum) preparations]. / Novye perspektivy primeneniia rastoropshi piatnistoi

Well-known and newfound properties of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) preparations are considered (including hepatoprotector, immunostimulant, antiproliferative, antisclerotic, etc.) and the ways of their realization are analyzed. Good prospects of further development of the drugs based on this medicinal plant are emphasized and the possibilities of wider clinical use are discussed.

[The effect of erythromycin on immunity in immunodeficiency]. / Vliianie éritromitsina na immunitet pri immunodefitsite.

The effect of 12.5 and 25 mg/kg doses of erythromycin on the immunity of intact mice and in cyclophosphan- and azathioprine-induced immunodeficiency was studied. Erythromycin has no effect on the number of antibody-forming cells in the spleen of intact and immunocompromised with cyclophosphan animals. It increases their number against the background of azathioprine. Immunosuppression may change the character of the effect of erythromycin on delayed hypersensitivity. Erythromycin stimulates phagocyte activity in intact animals and in immunosuppression.

[The effect of pyrimidine derivatives on experimental stomach ulcers in rats]. / Vliianie nekotorykh proizvodnykh pirimidina na éksperimental'nye iazvy zheludka u krys.

Experiments on albino rats showed that pyrimidine derivatives reduce hemorrhagic damage of the gastric mucosa caused by indomethacin, acetylsalicylic acid, and ortophen. The derivatives of pyrimidine prevent the decrease in total acid phosphatase activity, increase alkaline phosphatase, and reduce the activity of lactate dehydrogenase.

[The effect of 2-methyl-4-amino-6-hydroxypyrimidine on delayed hypersensitivity]. / Vliianie 2-metil-4-amino-6-oksipirimidina na giperchuvstvitel'nost' zamedlennogo tipa.

The effect of the immunomodulator 2-methyl-4-amino-6-oxypyrimidine (MAOP)on delayed hypersensitivity was studied in experiments on mongrel mice and in C57Bl and CBA mice. The effect of MAOP and that of oxymethyluracil on delayed hypersensitivity to sheep erythrocytes and dinitrofluorobenzene were compared. Immunosuppression of mice was induced by hydrocortisone in a dose of 50 mg/kg.

[The effect of calcium antagonists on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in diabetes mellitus]. / Vliianie antagonistov kal'tsiia na obmen uglevodov i lipidov pri sakharnom diabete.

The effect of calcium antagonists: nifedipine (corinfar, cordapheg), sensit, finoptin, foridon on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism was studied in intact and "alloxaned" rats as well as in non-insulin-dependent diabetes patients. It was found that the calcium channel blockers did not change glucose tolerance, normalized carbohydrate metabolism in some patients and decreased the level of triglycerides, B and pro-B lipoproteins. In some cases in intact and alloxane rats treated with finophin (isoptin), lactate decrease in blood and a tendency to insulin increase were often observed. The lipid metabolism was unchanged.

[A combination of immunostimulants as a method for correcting secondary immunodeficiencies]. / Sochetanie immunostimuliatorov kak metod korrektsii vtorichnykh immunodefitsitov.

The specific features of the action of combinations of immunostimulants (levamisole, prodigiozan, methyluracil) on a primary immune response to EB, GST and resistance to experimental infection have been studied. It has been shown that levamisole eliminates stimulation by methyluracil and prodigiozan of a primary immune response, lithium carbonate is also an antagonist of prodigiozan. Vitamin E increases the stimulating effect of prodigiozan rather than oxymethacil. The effect of vitamin A depends on the dose. Levamisole does not change the influence of prodigiozan and methyluracil on GST and, like prodigiozan, suppresses GST stimulated by lithium carbonate. The combination of prodigiozan and methyluracil to a large extent than the agent given alone increases resistance to an infection and efficiency of antibiotic therapy. The combination of methyluracil and levamisole increases only the effect of the antibiotic.

[The effect of catecholaminergic agents on the efficacy of immunostimulants]. / Vliianie katekholaminergicheskikh sredstv na éffektivnost' immunostimuliatorov.

The influence of combinations of immunostimulants (prodigiosin, methyluracil, levamisole) and catecholaminergic agents (dopamine, haloperidol, noradrenaline, phentolamine, isoproterenol, propranolol) on the results of antibiotic therapy of acute generalized Proteus infection and primary immune response to ram erythrocytes was studied on outbred albino mice. It was established that the agents influencing dopaminergic, alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors can in some cases change the efficiency of the studied immunostimulants. The direction and degree of their action depend on the administration schedule.

[Effect of 11-deoxyprostaglandins E on the reproductive system]. / Vliianie 11-dezoksi-prostaglandinov E na reproduktivnuiu sistemu.

The pharmacological properties of 4 derivatives of 11-desoxy-prostaglandins E (uterotonic, luteolytic, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory, diarrhogenic ones and also acute toxicity) were studied. Compound I possessed the uterotonic activity which decreased with an alpha-chain elongation and a radical introduction into a benzene ring. Compounds I and II exhibited the luteotropic properties at low doses and the luteolytic ones at high doses. The compounds under study had the hypotensive activity due to the presence of a benzene ring in a W-chain.

[Immunomodulating therapy of adjuvant disease in rats using cyclophosphamide in combination with prodigiozan--its effect on anti-infectious resistance]. / Immunomoduliruiushchaia terapiia ad''iuvantnoi bolezni krys tsiklofosfamidom v sochetanii s prodigiozanom--vliianie na protivoinfektsionnuiu rezistentnost'.

The effect of immunomodulating therapy of adjuvant disease in rats with cyclophosphamide, prodigiozan and their combinations on infection resistance, weight of the lymphoid organs and leukocyte counts in peripheral blood, as well as the effect of prodigiozan on acute toxicity of cyclophosphamide in intact mice and mice exposed to the Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) was studied. Prodigiozan did not increase acute toxicity of cyclophosphamide in the intact mice. It lowered the cyclophosphamide toxicity at the background of the FCA and decreased the levels of leukopenia induced by the immunosuppressor in the rats with adjuvant arthritis. It was shown on the models of local infectious inflammation caused by Proteus and lethal sepsis due to P. aeruginosa that the combined use of prodigiozan and cyclophosphamide resulted in correction of the infection resistance impairment induced by both the arthritis development and the immunosuppressor administration.

[Immunomodulating therapy of adjuvant disease in rats]. / Nekotorye aspekty immunomoduliruiushchei terapii ad''iuvantnoi bolezni krys.

During a comparative analysis of efficacy of prodigiosan and its combinations with cyclophosphamide (5 mg/kg), asathioprine (4 and 20 mg/kg) and delagil (25 mg/kg) it was shown that the most pronounced suppression of the adjuvant disease was observed in the group of animals given cyclophosphamide with prodigiosan. The suppression of arthritis with cyclophosphamide, prodigiosan and their combination was followed by a decrease of autosensibility parameters--hypersensitivity to collagen and the amount of immune rosette-forming cells in the regional lymph nodes.

[Effect of hydroxymethyluracil on the course of experimental pancreatitis in the rat]. / Vliianie oksimetiluratsila na techenie éksperimental'nogo pankreatita u krys.

Experiments were carried out on 150 male rats weighing 200-250 g and 42 white mice weighing 18-20 g by using two models of acute pancreatitis, two models of inflammation and studying osmotic resistance of erythrocytes. In experimental pancreatitis hydroxymethyluracil (50 mg/kg) decreased the blood lipase activity. The therapeutic effect of the agent is related to its anti-inflammatory and membrane-protecting properties.

[Effect of prodigiozan, levamisole and methyluracil on the course of an experimental infection and primary immune response]. / Vliianie prodigiozana, levamizola i metiluratsila na techenie éksperimental'noi infektsii i pervichnyi immunnyi otvet.

The effect of prodigiosan, levamisol and methyluracil on the process of experimental sepsis caused by Proteus was studied comparatively on mice, and the primary immune response was studied on intact animals treated with prednisolone, cyclophosphan or azathioprin. It was shown that prodigiosan was a more active stimulator of antiinfectious resistance of the intact animals than levamisol or methyluracil. Its effect was evident with administration before the infection, while the effect of levamisol or methyluracil was evident in administration after the infection. When used prophylactically, prodigiosan increased the average life-span of the mice given prednisolone, had no effect on the infection process in the presence of cyclophosphan and increased the antibiotic therapy efficiency at the background of either prednisolone or cyclophosphan. Administration of prodigiosan after the infection without the use of antibiotics was not efficient in immunosuppression, whereas in combination with levamisol it increased the tolerance to the infection at the background of cyclophosphan. When used for the treatment purposes, levamisol had no effect on survival of the animals. However, it increased the average life-span of the intact mice also at the background of prednisolone. Prodigiosan stimulate the primary immune response in the intact animals at the background of azathioprin or cyclophosphan but not prednisolone. Levamisol increased the number of the antibody-producing cells (APC) in the intact animals in some experiments. At the background of azathioprin it had no effect on the number of the APC and at background of prednisolone or cyclophosphan it even lowered their number.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Pharmacological activity of synthetic prostaglandin analogs]. / Farmakologicheskaia aktivnost' sinteticheskikh analogov prostaglandinov.

The results of studies on the biological activity of seven synthetic analogues of prostaglandins are presented. All the analogues under study possess uterotonic, antiulcer and anti-inflammatory activity; all the compounds except S1 induce diarrhea. The synthetic analogues studied decrease transiently and slightly the arterial blood pressure.

[Device for measuring paw edema in rats and mice]. / Pribor dlia izmereniia oteka lapy u krys i myshei.

An unsophisticated highly precise mercuric electron-mechanic oncometer is proposed. It is intended for measuring paw edema in small laboratory animals during screening of new antiphlogistics. The device consists of two communicating vessels. The change in the mercury level after paw immersion transforms to the electrical signal by the induction technique. The controller of the displacement consists of a float, a ferromagnetic rod and a coil with windings. The movement of the rod changes mutual induction of the windings, amplitude modulation of the carrier frequency of the generator and unbalance of the differential diode bridge. The magnitude of the unbalance is recorded with the aid of appropriate units.

[Anti-inflammatory activity of glycyrrhizic acid derivatives]. / Izuchenie protivovospalitel'noi aktivnosti proizvokdnykh glitsirrizinovoi kisloty.

The derivatives of glycyrrhizin acid--dihydrazidohydrazose of glycyrrhizin acid (DHGA), DHGA plus benzaldehyde, DHGA plus 5-nitrofurfurol, DHGA plus furfurol, glycyrrhizin acid, methylmethioninsulfonium-glycyrrhizinate, sodium salt of 18-glycyrrhetic acid, and potassium salt of glycyrrhizin acid--show a pronounced anti-inflammatory action, inhibit the development of histamine-, serotonin-, bradykinin-, and formalin-induced edemas, barrier function of an inflammatory focus, lower vascular permeability, the granulemic sac weight and exudate amount. The anti-inflammatory action of the compounds remains unchanged under adrenalectomy. By antiphlogistic activity, the derivatives in question compare very favourably to butadion and hydrocortisone, and are similar to prednisolone.

[Pharmacological properties of Adonis sibir and A. vernalis growing in Bashkiria]. / Farmakologicheskie svoistva goritsvetov sibirskogo i vesennego, proizrastaiushchikh v Bashkirii.

Animal tests have evidenced that Adonis sibir, whose glucoside composition is close to that of Adonis vernalis, exerts cardiotonic, diuretic and sedative action. The activity of Adonis sibir, growing in Bashkiria, meets requirements of the State Pharmacopea X for Adonis vernalis. By comparison with the latter Adonis Sibir. displays more pronounced sedative properties, is less cumulative, is absorbed at a slower rate on its enteral introduction and produces a greater slowing down of the cardiac rhythm.