Processing and characterization of egg shell derived nano-hydroxyapatite synthetic bone for Orthopaedic and Arthroscopy implants and substitutes in dentistry.

The present work is focused on the nano-Hydroxyapatite (nHAp) synthesis with two different Indian breed Aseel and Kadaknath eggshells. The alloplast implants were developed through the foam replica method with polyurethane 45-PPI as a porous template. The synthesized nHAp was characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The FE-SEM images of the nHAp showed the one dimensional clustered nanoparticles and the X-ray diffraction spectrum confirms that the major phase was hydroxyapatite with a small trace of ß-tricalcium phosphate. The maximum compression strength of the sample was 5.49 ± 0.12 MPa which is in the range of the compression strength of human trabecular bone. The thermal and degradability studies results confirmed that these are highly stable and provides necessary a resorption needed for new bone tissue formation. Besides, the antimicrobial activity against tested human microbiome are satisfactory and the cell viability towards MG 63 human osteoblast-like cells provides a potential pathway for developing the nHAp implants for bone tissue engineering.

Effect of Yoganidra on Blood Pressure, Hs-CRP, and Lipid Profile of Hypertensive Subjects: A Pilot Study.

BACKGROUND: Yoganidra is a systematic method of promoting a state of complete physical, mental, and emotional relaxation. It is a safe, inexpensive, and very effective method of management of hypertension when used along with standard pharmacological therapy. This study aims to assess the effect of yoganidra on blood pressure (both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)), Hs-CRP, and lipid profile of hypertensive subjects at the time of enrollment (subjects that are hypertensive at the time of enrollment). METHODS: Both treated and untreated subjects (n = 74) with hypertension (blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg) and age between 35 and 70 years were included in this study after obtaining ICMR-NIN-IEC approval and written informed consent from all subjects. Subjects with critical illness and/or psychological disturbances were excluded from this study. The subjects in the experimental group (n = 31) practiced yoganidra for 45 minutes daily for 12 weeks under strict supervision. There was no intervention in the control group (n = 43). Weekly blood pressure was recorded in the experimental group, whereas it was performed at baseline and at endpoint for control groups. Hs-CRP and lipid profile were estimated at baseline and endpoint for both the groups. RESULTS: A significant reduction in mean SBP from 142.9 mm Hg (SD ± 16.46) to 118.68 mm Hg (SD ± 9.21; p value 0.0001) and DBP from 89.84 mm Hg (SD ± 10.42) to 77.03 mm Hg (SD ± 6.47: p value 0.0001) was observed among the experimental group after 12 weeks of yoganidra practice when compared with the control group. A significant reduction in mean Hs-CRP (2.21 ± 1.49 to 1.06 ± 0.82 mg/L, p < 0.001 ∗∗∗ ) was observed among the experimental group. There were no significant differences between triglycerides and total cholesterol levels, whereas LDL-C and HDL-C showed a trend of improvement in the experimental group after intervention. CONCLUSIONS: In this pilot study, we observed a significant reduction in blood pressure and Hs-CRP in the yoganidra group compared with the control group. There were no significant side effects observed in the intervention group during the study period.

Synthesis and in silico studies of pyrrolidine sulfonamide based dipeptides as ß-gluscosidase inhibitors.

A series of novel pyrrolidine sulfonamide derivatives were designed, synthesized and screened in silico for their ß-gluscosidase inhibitory activity. The results showed that the pyrrolidine derivatives exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against human ß-gluscosidases inhibitors. The structure-activity relationships were also briefly discussed. The studies indicated that compounds of Series B with imidazole sulfonyl group were the most potent inhibitors compared to the other compounds under investigation.

Clinical and radiographical evaluation of a bioresorbable collagen membrane of fish origin in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects: A preliminary study.

BACKGROUND: Recently, there has been interest in non-mammalian collagen sources such as fish collagen in periodontal regeneration. In the present study, collagen barrier membrane of fish origin was assessed in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten systemically healthy chronic periodontitis patients having a paired osseous defect in the mandibular posterior teeth were selected and randomly assigned to receive a collagen membrane (test) or open flap debridement (control) in a split mouth design. Clinical parameters such as Plaque index, Gingival bleeding index, Probing pocket depth, Relative attachment level, and Recession were recorded at baseline, 3, 6, and at 9 months, while radiographic evaluation was done to assess alveolar crestal bone level and percentage of defect fill at 6 and 9 months using autoCAD 2007 software. Student's t test (two-tailed, dependent) was used to find the significance of study parameters on continuous scale. Significance was set at 5% level of significance. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to find the significance of percentage change of defect fill. RESULTS: The comparison between the two groups did not show any statistically significant differences in the parameters assessed (P > 0.05) but, within each group, clinical parameters showed statistically significant differences from baseline to 9 months (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Within the limits of the study, it can be inferred that no significant differences were found either by using collagen membrane of fish origin or open flap debridement in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects.

Evaluation of a bioresorbable collagen membrane of fish origin in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects: A prospective clinical study.

BACKGROUND: Recently, there has been interest in non-mammalian collagen sources such as fish collagen in the development of biomatrices and scaffolds for periodontal regeneration. In the present study, a novel collagen barrier membrane of fish origin was assessed in the treatment of periodontal intra-bony defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten systemically healthy chronic periodontitis patients having an osseous defect in the mandibular posterior teeth were selected and following the open flap debridement, a collagen membrane was placed over the defect and the flap was sutured with interrupted sutures. Clinical parameters such as Plaque Index, Gingival Bleeding Index, probing pocket depth (PPD), relative attachment level (RAL), and recession (R) were recorded at baseline, 6 and 9 months, whereas radiographic evaluation was done to assess alveolar crestal bone level and defect depth fill at 6 and 9 months using Auto-computer aided design (ACAD) 2007 software. Statistical significance was set at 5% level of significance. RESULTS: There was statistical significant differences with respect to periodontal clinical parameters such as Plaque Index, Gingival Bleeding Index, PPD, RAL, and gingival recession assessed at baseline, at 6 and 9 months respectively (P < 0.05), and radiographic evaluation showed a defect fill of 58.62 median % at 9 months. CONCLUSION: This preliminary study has shown predictable results in using fish collagen membrane, for treating periodontal intra-bony defects. Further, long-term clinical trials are needed to validate the effectiveness of this membrane.