Active Assembly of CsPbBr3 Nanorods into Microcolumns by Electric Field in Nonpolar Solvent.

High-precision, controllable, mass-producible assembly of nanoparticles into complex structures or devices holds immense importance in the application across various fields but it remains challenging. Here a highly controllable and reversible active assembly of colloidal CsPbBr3 nanorods, driven by an external electric field is achieved. This approach enables the nanorods dynamically orient themselves, assemble into chains, aggregate into columns, and eventually form an ordered column array, with the electric field intensity varying from 0 to 50 V µm-1 at 100 kHz. The nanorods inside the columns align parallel to the electric field, leading to a well-ordered structure. With the analysis of the interactions among the nanorods, a quantitative interpretation of the assembly is proposed. Monte Carlo calculation is also introduced to simulate the assembly process and the results prove to be in great agreement with the experimental observations. This electric field-driven assembly presents an exciting opportunity to pave the way for next-generation sensors and photonic devices based on well-developed colloidal nanoparticles.

Identification of alternative splicing-derived cancer neoantigens for mRNA vaccine development.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have shown great potential for anti-tumor therapy due to the advantages in safety, efficacy and industrial production. However, it remains a challenge to identify suitable cancer neoantigens that can be targeted for mRNA vaccines. Abnormal alternative splicing occurs in a variety of tumors, which may result in the translation of abnormal transcripts into tumor-specific proteins. High-throughput technologies make it possible for systematic characterization of alternative splicing as a source of suitable target neoantigens for mRNA vaccine development. Here, we summarized difficulties and challenges for identifying alternative splicing-derived cancer neoantigens from RNA-seq data and proposed a conceptual framework for designing personalized mRNA vaccines based on alternative splicing-derived cancer neoantigens. In addition, several points were presented to spark further discussion toward improving the identification of alternative splicing-derived cancer neoantigens.

The RNA-binding protein SRSF3 has an essential role in megakaryocyte maturation and platelet production.

RNA processing is increasingly recognized as a critical control point in the regulation of different hematopoietic lineages including megakaryocytes responsible for the production of platelets. Platelets are anucleate cytoplasts that contain a rich repertoire of RNAs encoding proteins with essential platelet functions derived from the parent megakaryocyte. It is largely unknown how RNA binding proteins contribute to the development and functions of megakaryocytes and platelets. We show that serine-arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) is essential for megakaryocyte maturation and generation of functional platelets. Megakaryocyte-specific deletion of Srsf3 in mice led to macrothrombocytopenia characterized by megakaryocyte maturation arrest, dramatically reduced platelet counts, and abnormally large functionally compromised platelets. SRSF3 deficient megakaryocytes failed to reprogram their transcriptome during maturation and to load platelets with RNAs required for normal platelet function. SRSF3 depletion led to nuclear accumulation of megakaryocyte mRNAs, demonstrating that SRSF3 deploys similar RNA regulatory mechanisms in megakaryocytes as in other cell types. Our study further suggests that SRSF3 plays a role in sorting cytoplasmic megakaryocyte RNAs into platelets and demonstrates how SRSF3-mediated RNA processing forms a central part of megakaryocyte gene regulation. Understanding SRSF3 functions in megakaryocytes and platelets provides key insights into normal thrombopoiesis and platelet pathologies as SRSF3 RNA targets in megakaryocytes are associated with platelet diseases.

[Precise measurement of human heart rate based on multi-channel radar data fusion].

To achieve non-contact measurement of human heart rate and improve its accuracy, this paper proposes a method for measuring human heart rate based on multi-channel radar data fusion. The radar data were firstly extracted by human body position identification, phase extraction and unwinding, phase difference, band-pass filtering optimized by power spectrum entropy, and fast independent component analysis for each channel data. After overlaying and fusing the four-channel data, the heartbeat signal was separated using frost-optimized variational modal decomposition. Finally, a chirp Z-transform was introduced for heart rate estimation. After validation with 40 sets of data, the average root mean square error of the proposed method was 2.35 beats per minute, with an average error rate of 2.39%, a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.97, a confidence interval of [-4.78, 4.78] beats per minute, and a consistency error of -0.04. The experimental results show that the proposed measurement method performs well in terms of accuracy, correlation, and consistency, enabling precise measurement of human heart rate.

Global characterization of B cell receptor repertoire in COVID-19 patients by single-cell V(D)J sequencing.

The world is facing a pandemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Adaptive immune responses are essential for SARS-CoV-2 virus clearance. Although a large body of studies have been conducted to investigate the immune mechanism in COVID-19 patients, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of the BCR repertoire in patients. In this study, we used the single-cell V(D)J sequencing to characterize the BCR repertoire across convalescent COVID-19 patients. We observed that the BCR diversity was significantly reduced in disease compared with healthy controls. And BCRs tend to skew toward different V gene segments in COVID-19 and healthy controls. The CDR3 sequences of heavy chain in clonal BCRs in patients were more convergent than that in healthy controls. In addition, we discovered increased IgG and IgA isotypes in the disease, including IgG1, IgG3 and IgA1. In all clonal BCRs, IgG isotypes had the most frequent class switch recombination events and the highest somatic hypermutation rate, especially IgG3. Moreover, we found that an IgG3 cluster from different clonal groups had the same IGHV, IGHJ and CDR3 sequences (IGHV4-4-CARLANTNQFYDSSSYLNAMDVW-IGHJ6). Overall, our study provides a comprehensive characterization of the BCR repertoire in COVID-19 patients, which contributes to the understanding of the mechanism for the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Topological Defect Guided Order Evolution across the Nematic-Smectic Phase Transition.

Topological defects usually emerge and vary during the phase transition of ordered systems. Their roles in thermodynamic order evolution keep being the frontier of modern condensed matter physics. Here, we study the generations of topological defects and their guidance on the order evolution during the phase transition of liquid crystals (LCs). With a given preset photopatterned alignment, two different types of topological defects are achieved depending on the thermodynamic process. Because of the memory effect of LC director field across the Nematic-Smectic (N-S) phase transition, a stable array of toric focal conic domains (TFCDs) and a frustrated one are generated in S phase, respectively. The frustrated one transfers to a metastable TFCD array with a smaller lattice constant, and further changes to a crossed-walls type N state due to the inheritance of orientational order. A free energy on temperature diagram and corresponding textures vividly describe the phase transition process and the roles of topological defects in the order evolution across the N-S phase transition. This Letter reveals the behaviors and mechanisms of topological defects on order evolution during phase transitions. It paves a way for investigating topological defect guided order evolution which is ubiquitous in soft matter and other ordered systems.

Molecular characterization and expression of twenty interleukin-17 transcripts in the common Chinese cuttlefish (Sepiella japonica) in response to Vibrio harveyi infection.

The common Chinese cuttlefish (Sepiella japonica) is an essential species for stock enhancement by releasing juveniles in the East China Sea now. S. japonica is susceptible to bacterial diseases during parental breeding. In vertebrates, Interleukin-17 (IL-17) cytokine family plays critical roles in both acute and chronic inflammatory responses. In Cephalopoda, few studies have been reported on IL-17 genes so far. In this study, twenty IL-17 transcripts obtained from S. japonica were divided into eight groups (designated as Sj_IL-17-1 to Sj_IL-17-8). Multiple alignment analysis showed that IL-17s in S. japonica and human both contained four ß-folds (ß1-ß4), except for Sj_IL-17-6 with two ß-folds (ß1 and ß2), and the third and fourth ß-folds of Sj_IL-17-5 and Sj_IL-17-8 were longer than those of other Sj_IL-17. Protein structure and conserved motifs analysis demonstrated that Sj_IL-17-5 and Sj_IL-17-6 displayed different protein structure with respect to other six Sj_IL-17 proteins. The homology and phylogenetic analysis of amino acids showed that Sj_IL-17-5, Sj_IL-17-6 and Sj_IL-17-8 had low homology with the other five Sj_IL-17s. Eight Sj_IL-17 mRNAs were ubiquitously expressed in ten examined tissues, with dominant expression in the hemolymph. qRT-PCR data showed that the mRNA expression levels of Sj_IL-17-2, Sj_IL-17-3, Sj_IL-17-6, and Sj_IL-17-8 were significantly up-regulated in infected cuttlefishes, and Sj_IL-17-2, Sj_IL-17-6, Sj_IL-17-7, and Sj_IL-17-8 mRNAs Awere significantly up-regulated after bath infection of Vibrio harveyi, suggesting that certain Sj_IL-17s were involved in the immune response of S. japonica against V. harveyi infection. These results implied that Sj_IL-17s were likely to have distinct functional diversification. This study aims to understand the involvement of Sj_IL-17 genes in immune responses of cuttlefish against bacterial infections.

Cometabolic degradation of pyrene with phenanthrene as substrate: assisted by halophilic Pseudomonas stutzeri DJP1.

At present, cometabolic degradation is an extensive method for the biological removal of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW-PAHs) in the marine environment. However, due to the refractory to degradation and high toxicity, there are few studies on pyrene (PYR) cometabolic degradation with phenanthrene (PHE) as substrate. In this study, a Pseudomonas stutzeri DJP1 strain isolated from sediments was used in the cometabolic system of PHE and PYR. The biomass and the activity of key enzymes such as dehydrogenase and catechol 12 dioxygenase of strain were improved, but the enhancement of biotoxicity resulted in the inhibition of cometabolism simultaneously. Seven metabolites were identified respectively in PYR, PHE degradation cultures. It was speculated that the cometabolism of PHE and PYR had a common phthalic acid pathway, and the degradation pathway of PHE was included in the downstream pathway of PYR. The functional genes such as PhdF, NidD and CatA involved in DJP1 degradation were revealed by Genome analysis. This study provides a reference for the biodegradation of PYR and PHE in real marine environment.

In Situ Turn-On Room Temperature Phosphorescence and Vapor Ultra-sensitivity at Lifetime Mode.

Organic room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) systems are rarely reported for vapor phase sensing due to the contradiction between vapor permeability and phosphorescence ability. Till now, almost all reported works are based on ″turn-off″ mode RTP detection by destroying the compact-packaging oxygen-free environment. ″Turn-on″ mode RTP detection owns additional anti-interference capability due to a lower initial RTP background signal, while its realization is even harder. In this research, in situ phosphorescence ″turn-on″ sensing was realized for methamphetamine (MPEA) vapor detection. Based on the formation of aromatic phenolic aldehyde-secondary amine ion pairs with air-stable RTP performance, the fluorescent tri-formyl phenol (TFP) film was converted into a stable RTP state after being exposed to the MPEA vapor, as supported by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry together with theoretical calculations. The red-shifted absorption and emission, enhanced emission intensity, and 49.7 µs phosphorescence lifetime allowed multiple mode MPEA vapor sensing from chromaticity to fluorescence to phosphorescence. The lifetime mode detection limit reached 0.4 ppt, 5 orders of magnitude lower than the intensity mode detection limit of 20.3 ppb.

Comprehensive analysis of TCR repertoire in COVID-19 using single cell sequencing.

T-cell receptor (TCR) is crucial in T cell-mediated virus clearance. To date, TCR bias has been observed in various diseases. However, studies on the TCR repertoire of COVID-19 patients are lacking. Here, we used single-cell V(D)J sequencing to conduct comparative analyses of TCR repertoire between 12 COVID-19 patients and 6 healthy controls, as well as other virus-infected samples. We observed distinct T cell clonal expansion in COVID-19. Further analysis of VJ gene combination revealed 6 VJ pairs significantly increased, while 139 pairs significantly decreased in COVID-19 patients. When considering the VJ combination of α and ß chains at the same time, the combination with the highest frequency on COVID-19 was TRAV12-2-J27-TRBV7-9-J2-3. Besides, preferential usage of V and J gene segments was also observed in samples infected by different viruses. Our study provides novel insights on TCR in COVID-19, which contribute to our understanding of the immune response induced by SARS-CoV-2.

B-Myb participated in ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human glioma cells.

As a common treatment of human glioma, ionizing radiation (IR) was reported to result in cell cycle arrest. However, the mechanisms underlying IR-induced abnormal cell cycle remain largely unclear. Here we found that IR caused an elevated expression of B-Myb and cell cycle-related proteins, as well as G2/M phase arrest in U251 cells instead of U87 cells. However, the knockdown of B-Myb by small interfering RNAs ameliorated the increasing of cell cycle-related proteins and G2/M phase arrest induced by IR. Further analysis demonstrated that decreased-B-Myb enhanced the sensitivity of U251 cells to IR. Moreover, the establishment of H1299 cell line proved that B-Myb expression was associated with the status of p53. Immunoprecipitation (IP) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) assay results indicated that mutant p53 and SP1 regulated the expression of B-Myb via different mechanisms. This study not only elucidated the role of B-Myb in IR-induced cell cycle alternation, but also provided insight into mechanism of B-Myb expression.

Alternative splicing associated with cancer stemness in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUD: Cancer stemness is associated with metastases in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) and negatively correlates with immune infiltrates. Recent stemness evaluation methods based on the absolute expression have been proposed to reveal the relationship between stemness and cancer. However, we found that existing methods do not perform well in assessing the stemness of KIRC patients, and they overlooked the impact of alternative splicing. Alternative splicing not only progresses during the differentiation of stem cells, but also changes during the acquisition of the stemness features of cancer stem cells. There is an urgent need for a new method to predict KIRC-specific stemness more accurately, so as to provide help in selecting treatment options. METHODS: The corresponding RNA-Seq data were obtained from the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data portal. We also downloaded stem cell RNA sequence data from the Progenitor Cell Biology Consortium (PCBC) Synapse Portal. Independent validation sets with large sample size and common clinic pathological characteristics were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. we constructed a KIRC-specific stemness prediction model using an algorithm called one-class logistic regression based on the expression and alternative splicing data to predict stemness indices of KIRC patients, and the model was externally validated. We identify stemness-associated alternative splicing events (SASEs) by analyzing different alternative splicing event between high- and low- stemness groups. Univariate Cox and multivariable logistic regression analysisw as carried out to detect the prognosis-related SASEs respectively. The area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was performed to evaluate the predictive values of our model. RESULTS: Here, we constructed a KIRC-specific stemness prediction model with an AUC of 0.968,and to provide a user-friendly interface of our model for KIRC stemness analysis, we have developed KIRC Stemness Calculator and Visualization (KSCV), hosted on the Shiny server, can most easily be accessed via web browser and the url https://jiang-lab.shinyapps.io/kscv/ . When applied to 605 KIRC patients, our stemness indices had a higher correlation with the gender, smoking history and metastasis of the patients than the previous stemness indices, and revealed intratumor heterogeneity at the stemness level. We identified 77 novel SASEs by dividing patients into high- and low- stemness groups with significantly different outcome and they had significant correlations with expression of 17 experimentally validated splicing factors. Both univariate and multivariate survival analysis demonstrated that SASEs closely correlated with the overall survival of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Basing on the stemness indices, we found that not only immune infiltration but also alternative splicing events showed significant different at the stemness level. More importantly, we highlight the critical role of these differential alternative splicing events in poor prognosis, and we believe in the potential for their further translation into targets for immunotherapy.

Cathepsin L induced PC-12 cell apoptosis via activation of B-Myb and regulation of cell cycle proteins.

Cathepsin L (CTSL), a cysteine protease, is responsible for the degradation of a variety of proteins. It is known to participate in neuronal apoptosis associated with abnormal cell cycle. However, the mechanisms underlying CTSL-induced cell apoptosis remain largely unclear. We reported here that rotenone caused an activation of CTSL expression in PC-12 cells, while knockdown of CTSL by small interfering RNAs or its inhibitor reduced the rotenone-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, elevation of CTSL and increased-apoptosis were accompanied by induction of B-Myb, a crucial cell cycle regulator. We found that B-Myb was increased in rotenone-treated PC-12 cells and knockdown of B-Myb ameliorated rotenone-stimulated cell apoptosis. Further analysis demonstrated that CTSL influenced the expression of B-Myb as suppression of CTSL activity led to a decreased B-Myb expression, whereas overexpression of CTSL resulted in B-Myb induction. Reduction of B-Myb in CTSL-overexpressing cells revealed that regulation of cell cycle-related proteins, including cyclin A and cyclin B1, through CTSL was mediated by the transcription factor B-Myb. In addition, we demonstrated that the B-Myb target, Bim, and its regulator, Egr-1, which was also associated with CTSL closely, were both involved in rotenone-induced apoptosis in PC-12 cells. Our data not only revealed the role of CTSL in rotenone-induced neuronal apoptosis, but also indicated the involvement of B-Myb in CTSL-related cell cycle regulation.

The role of different fractions of humic acid in the physiological response of amaranth treated with magnetic carbon nanotubes.

Dissolved humic acid (DHA) from soil can interact with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and magnetic-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MMWCNTs), and subsequently alter the toxicity of MWCNTs and MMWCNTs to amaranth. This is the first study to compare the effects of MWCNTs and MMWCNTs under natural DHAs on their toxicity to amaranth. When DHAs were combined with 0.5 g/L MWCNTs, 1:2:1 MMWCNTs and 4:2:1 MMWCNTs nanomaterials, DHA1 and DHA4 both increased the pH of Hoagland's solutions. DHA1 more severely decreased the soluble protein levels in shoots than DHA4 in the 1:2:1 MMWCNT and 4:2:1 MMWCNT treatments. DHA1 and DHA4 both increased the chlorophyll concentrations of amaranth treated with MWCNTs, decreased the chlorophyll concentrations in the MMWCNT treatments. Co-exposure of DHAs and carbon-based CNTs caused further decreases in the anthocyanin level as compared to the respective CNT alone treatment. In the nanomaterial alone treatment, both 0.25 and 4:2:1 MMWCNTs greatly lowered the anthocyanin level as compared to the other two CNTs with the same exposure dose. Transmission electron microscopy images showed that the interaction between 4:2:1 MMWCNT and DHA4 had more serious effects on plant cells across all the treatments.

Self-Stabilized Amorphous Organic Materials with Room-Temperature Phosphorescence.

The stability of pure organic room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials in air has been a research hotspot in recent years. Without crystallization or encapsulation, a new strategy was proposed to obtain self-stabilized organic RTP materials, based on a complete ionization of a photo-induced charge separation system. The ionization of aromatic phenol 4-carbazolyl salicylaldehyde (CSA) formed a stable H-bonding anion-cation radical structure and led to the completely amorphous CSA-I film. Phosphorescent lifetimes as long as 0.14 s at room temperature and with direct exposure to air were observed. The emission intensity was also increased by 21.5-fold. Such an amorphous RTP material reconciled the contradiction between phosphorescence stability and vapor permeability and has been successfully utilized for peroxide vapor detection.

Attogram "Meth" Detection Enabled by Selective Organic Crystal Disaggregation via Directed Crystal Level Interactions.

In this contribution, completely different from traditional probes based on molecular host-guest interaction, crystal level interaction was proposed as an ultrasensitive design strategy for molecule detection. In such a strategy, crystal-guest interaction triggered rapid crystal disaggregation to gain great signal change, far more efficient than molecule scale coupling. Highly ordered pyrene methanol (PM) crystal was self-assembled with hydrogen bond chain and π-π stacking force. Its {011} surface can be destabilized by methamphetamine hydrochlorate (MA, heavily used illicit drug) selectively and efficiently. The detection limit was improved to an amazing attogram level (5.4 ag/mL, 29.1 fM), 9 orders of magnitude lower than the best reported host-guest result.

Delivery of microRNA-1 inhibitor by dendrimer-based nanovector: An early targeting therapy for myocardial infarction in mice.

Myocardial infarction (MI), known to be rapidly progressed and fatal, necessitates a timely and effective intervention particularly within golden 24 h. The crux is to develop a therapeutic agent that can early target the infarct site with integrated therapeutic capacity. Finding the AT1 receptor being most over-expressed at 24 h after MI, we developed a nanovector (AT1-PEG-DGL) anchored with AT1 targeting peptide, and simultaneously armed it with specific microRNA-1 inhibitor (AMO-1) to attenuate cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In vivo imaging after IV administration demonstrated that AT1-PEG-DGL quickly accumulated in the MI heart during the desired early period, significantly outperforming the control group without AT1 targeting. Most importantly, a pronounced in-vivo anti-apoptosis effect was observed upon a single IV injection. Apoptotic cell death in the infarct border zone was significantly decreased and the myocardial infarct size was reduced by 64.1% as compared with that in MI control group, promising for early MI treatment.

Upregulation of the solute carrier family 7 genes is indicative of poor prognosis in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The solute carrier (SLC) 7 family genes comprise 14 members and function as cationic amino acid/glycoprotein transporters in many cells, they are essential for the maintenance of amino acid nutrition and survival of tumor cells. This study was conducted to analyze the associations of SLC7 family gene expression with mortality in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS: Clinical features, somatic mutations, and SLC7 family gene expression data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Linear regression model analysis was performed to analyze the correlations between SLC7 family gene expression and clinicopathologic features. Kaplan-Meier survival and logistic regression analyses were performed to characterize the associations between gene expression and patients' overall survival. RESULTS: Patient mortality was negatively associated with age and tumor size but positively increased cancer stage and absence of thyroiditis in PTC patients. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that patients with high SLC7A3, SLC7A5, and SLC7A11 expression levels exhibited poorer survival than those with low SLC7A3, SLC7A5, and SLC7A11 expression levels (P < 0.05 for all cases). Logistic regression analysis showed that SLC7A3, SLC7A5, and SLC7A11 were associated with increased mortality (odds ratio [OR] 8.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.3-55.91; OR 3.87, 95% CI 1.18-17.31; and OR 3.87, 95% CI 1.18-17.31, respectively. CONCLUSION: Upregulation of SLC7A3, SLC7A5, and SLC7A11 expression was associated with poor prognosis in PTC patients, and SLC7 gene expression levels are potentially useful prognostic biomarkers.

Niche Extracellular Matrix Components and Their Influence on HSC.

Maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) takes place in a highly specialized microenvironment within the bone marrow. Technological improvements, especially in the field of in vivo imaging, have helped unravel the complexity of the niche microenvironment and have completely changed the classical concept from what was previously believed to be a static supportive platform, to a dynamic microenvironment tightly regulating HSC homeostasis through the complex interplay between diverse cell types, secreted factors, extracellular matrix molecules, and the expression of different transmembrane receptors. To add to the complexity, non-protein based metabolites have also been recognized as a component of the bone marrow niche. The objective of this review is to discuss the current understanding on how the different extracellular matrix components of the niche regulate HSC fate, both during embryonic development and in adulthood. Special attention will be provided to the description of non-protein metabolites, such as lipids and metal ions, which contribute to the regulation of HSC behavior. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1984-1993, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Human papillomavirus type 16 E6 oncoprotein promotes proliferation and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer cells through Toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) oncoproteins play vital roles in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) pathogenesis, and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) contribute to tumor progression. However, interaction between HPV oncoproteins and TLR signaling in NSCLC progression remains unclear. Thus, the aim of the study was to explore effects of HPV16 E6 oncoprotein-induced TLRs pathway on growth and invasion of NSCLC cells and to examine potential mechanisms being involved. Recombinant plasmid (pcDNA-HPV16 E6) expressing HPV16 E6 protein was constructed. The expression prolife of TLRs was measured in NSCLC cell line A549 with or without pcDNA-HPV16 E6 transfection by real-time reverse polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Cellular proliferation, invasion, cytokine productions, and downstream signaling pathways were also examined in TLR3-silencing/pcDNA-HPV16 E6 transfect A549 cells. Overexpression of HPV16 E6 increased proliferation, invasion, proliferation cytokine secretion, and TLR3 expression of A549 cells, while TLR3 silence inhibited HPV16 E6-induced tumor bioactivities of A549 cells. Down-regulation of TLR3 suppressed HPV16 E6-induced phosphorylation of Src, but did not affect TRIF expression. Moreover, inhibition of Src pathway also suppressed proliferation and invasion of A549 cells. In conclusion, HPV16 E6 oncoprotein promoted the bioactivities of NSCLC cells. TLR3-Src signaling pathway might be involved in this procession by up-regulation of cytokine production. The interaction between HPV16 E6 protein and TLR3 might contribute to the poor prognosis of NSCLC.