Influence of different processing techniques for prosthetic acrylic resins in the surface roughness parameters: a research article.

BACKGROUND: Different processing techniques are employed to obtain poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with consistent surface quality in terms of topography and tribological function. The purpose of this research is to evaluate its influence on the surface height distribution. METHODS: In this research, samples of conventional and CAD/CAM acrylic resins were prepared. The following surface roughness parameters were extracted from the profilometric readings: arithmetic mean roughness (Pa), skewness (Psk) and kurtosis (Pku). Profilometric profiles were additionally obtained. RESULTS: The average roughness (Pa) with the conventional technique was significantly higher compared to CAD/CAM (t = 4.595; P < 0.001). Heat-cured resins presented the highest mean Pa (F = 6.975; P = 0.06). Heat-cured and milled resins show lower coefficient variation (CV) values, indicating more consistent surface finishing. The surface profiles revealed distinct characteristics in terms of skewness and kurtosis. CONCLUSIONS: The surface processing method, chemical composition and resin type significantly influence the surface finishing of the resin. The CAD/CAM resins exhibited superior results in terms of surface arithmetic mean roughness (Pa). However, heat-cured resin revealed to present the better surface consistency.

Analyzing Linear and Angular Deviations After Guided Surgery for Dental Implant Placement: A Preliminary Study.

PURPOSE: To assess the accuracy and precision of prosthetically driven implant placement achieved through static computer-aided implant surgery by analyzing the linear and angular deviations of implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 53 implants were included in the study. The implants were positioned using either tooth-supported templates or tooth-and-tissue-supported templates with fixation pins. Two distinct guided surgery approaches were used: pilot drill guided and fully guided. 3D data from the implant planning phase was superimposed with the 3D data from the final implant positions using the 'Treatment Evaluation' tool within coDiagnostiX implant planning software (Straumann). This enabled the automatic calculation of deviations in implant placement accuracy. RESULTS: The average angular deviation observed was 3.90 degrees. For linear deviations, the mean 3D deviation was 1.04 mm at the most coronal point of the implants and 1.56 mm at the implant apex. CONCLUSIONS: This research demonstrates the feasibility of a digital workflow for guided implant surgery, offering a promising treatment option. Nonetheless, it is important to note that deviations do occur, particularly in the apical region of the implant. Care should be taken, particularly in cases of limited bone availability.

Chiral HPLC analysis of venlafaxine metabolites in rat liver microsomal preparations after LPME extraction and application to an in vitro biotransformation study.

A three-phase LPME (liquid-phase microextraction) method for the enantioselective analysis of venlafaxine (VF) metabolites (O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV) and N-desmethylvenlafaxine (NDV) in microsomal preparations is described for the first time. The assay involves the chiral HPLC separation of drug and metabolites using a Chiralpak AD column under normal-phase mode of elution and detection at 230 nm. The LPME procedure was optimized using multifactorial experiments and the following optimal condition was established: sample agitation at 1,750 rpm, 20 min of extraction, acetic acid 0.1 mol/L as acceptor phase, 1-octanol as organic phase and donor phase pH adjustment to 10.0. Under these conditions, the mean recoveries were 41% and 42% for (-)-(R)-ODV and (+)-(S)-ODV, respectively, and 47% and 48% for (-)-(R)-NDV and (+)-(S)-NDV, respectively. The method presented quantification limits of 200 ng/mL and it was linear over the concentration range of 200-5,000 ng/mL for all analytes. The validated method was employed to study the in vitro biotransformation of VF using rat liver microsomal fraction. The results demonstrated the enantioselective biotransformation of VF.

In vitro metabolism study of a new nitrosyl ruthenium complex [Ru(NH.NHq)(terpy)NO]3+ nitric oxide donor using rat microsomes.

A new nitrosyl ruthenium complex [Ru(NH.NHq)(terpy)NO](3+) nitric oxide donor was recently developed and due to its excellent vasodilator activity, it has been considered as a potential drug candidate. Drug metabolism is one of the main parameters that should be evaluated in the early drug development, so the biotransformation of this complex by rat hepatic microsomes was investigated. In order to perform the biotransformation study, a simple, sensitive and selective HPLC method was developed and carefully validated. The parameters evaluated in the validation procedure were: linearity, recovery, precision, accuracy, selectivity and stability. Except for the stability study, all the parameters evaluated presented values below the recommended by FDA guidelines. The stability study showed a time-dependent degradation profile. After method validation, the biotransformation study was accomplished and the kinetic parameters were determined. The biotransformation study obeyed the Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The V(max) and K(m) were, respectively, 0.1625+/-0.010 micromol/mg protein/min and 79.97+/-11.52 microM. These results indicate that the nitrosyl complex is metabolized by CYP450.

Stability of vacuum-packed meat from finishing steers fed different inclusion levels of brewer's spent grain.

Brewer's spent grain (BSG) as a partial substitute for corn silage (CS) was evaluated in finishing feedlot steers on the lipid, protein, color, and microbiological stability of vacuum-packed meat for 75 days under refrigerated storage. Twenty steers were distributed in four treatments in a completely randomized design with five replicates each: 50% concentrate + 50% CS; + 35% CS + 15% BSG; + 25% CS + 25% BSG; and 15% CS + 35% BSG for 90 days. After the animals were slaughtered and the carcasses cooled, the Longissimus thoracis muscle was collected for analyzes. The lipid and protein oxidation, color parameters and microbiological stability of the beef although not affected by the diets (P > .05) oscillated throughout the storage time (P < .05). BSG can be included in the finishing diets of beef cattle by up to 35% (dry basis) and as a forage source without adverse effects on beef shelf life.

Enantioselective analysis of oxybutynin and N-desethyloxybutynin with application to an in vitro biotransformation study.

An enantioselective method using liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) followed by HPLC analysis was developed for the determination of oxybutynin (OXY) and its major metabolite N-desethyloxybutynin (DEO) in rat liver microsomal fraction. The LPME procedure was optimized using multifactorial experiments. Under the optimal extraction conditions, the mean recoveries were 61 and 55% for (R)-OXY and (S)-OXY, respectively, and 70 and 76% for (R)-DEO and (S)-DEO, respectively. The validated method was employed to an in vitro biotransformation study using rat liver microsomal fraction. The results demonstrated the enantioselective biotransformation of OXY.

Adequação psicométrica da Richmond Compulsive Buying Scale para a Região Nordeste do Brasil / Adecuación psicométrica de la Richmond Compulsive Buying Scale para la región noreste de Brasil / Psychometric adaptation of the Richmond Compulsive Buying Scale to the Northeast region of Brazil

Resumo Objetivou-se coletar evidências das propriedades psicométricas da Richmond Compulsive Buying Scale (RCBS) em estudantes universitários da Região Nordeste do Brasil. Para isso, foram realizados dois estudos. O Estudo 1 contou com 300 universitários oriundos do Nordeste brasileiro. Predominaram aqueles do sexo feminino (71 %), de universidade particular (67 %) e com média de idade de 23,5 anos (DP = 6,7). Os resultados indicaram uma estrutura empírica sustentável (teste de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin [KMO] = 0,82), com indicadores psicométricos considerados adequados à mensuração da compra compulsiva. Além disso, uma estrutura unifatorial, constituída por seis itens, que explicaram 51,85 % da variância e alfa de Cronbach = 0,86. Já o Estudo 2 teve como finalidade testar a estrutura fatorial encontrada no Estudo 1. Participaram 279 universitários, a maioria de universidade pública (54,1 %), do sexo masculino (51,3 %) e com média de idade de 23,1 anos (DP = 4,74). Por meio da análise fatorial confirmatoria, foram verificados bons indicadores de ajuste: X2/gl = 2,90; GFI = 0,98; CFI = 0,98; TLI = 0,98; RMSEA = 0,08 (IC 90 % = 04-0,10). Conclui-se que a RCBS apresentou parâmetros psicométricos adequados e é uma medida útil para os futuros estudos sobre a compra compulsiva.

Resumen Se propuso recoger evidencia de las propiedades psicométricas de la Richmond Compulsive Buying Scale (RCBS) en estudiantes universitarios de la región noreste de Brasil. Para ello, se realizaron dos estudios. El Estudio 1 contó con 300 universitarios oriundos del nordeste brasileño. Predominaron aquellos de sexo femenino (71 %), de universidad privada (67 %) y con promedio de edad de 23,5 años (DE = 6,7). Los resultados indicaron una estructura empírica sustentable (test de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin [KMO] = 0,82), con indicadores psicométricos considerados adecuados a la medición de compra compulsiva. Asimismo, una estructura unifactorial, constituida por seis ítems, que explican el 51,85 % de la varianza y alfa de Cronbach = 0,86. El Estudio 2 tuvo como fin probar la estructura factorial encontrada en el Estudio 1. Participaron 279 universitarios, mayoritariamente de universidad pública (54,1 %), de sexo masculino (51,3 %) y con promedio de edad de 23,1 años (EP = 4,74). Por medio del Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio, fueron verificados buenos indicadores de ajuste: X2/gl = 2,90; GFI = 0,98; CFI = 0,98; TLI = 0,98; RMSEA = 0,08 (IC 90 % = 04-0,10). Se concluye que la RCBS presentó parámetros psicométricos adecuados y es una medida útil para futuros estudios sobre la compra compulsiva.

Abstract The objective of this study was to gather evidence of the psychometric properties of the Richmond Compulsive Buying Scale (RCBS) in university students in the Northeast region of Brazil. For this purpose, two studies were conducted. The first study involved 300 university students from the Brazilian Northeast. They were predominantly female (71%), from private universities (67%) and with an average age of 23,5 years old (SD= 6,7). The results indicated a sustainable empirical structure (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin [KMO] test = 0,82), with psychometric indicators considered adequate for measuring compulsive buying. The results also indicated an unifactorial structure, consisting of six items, which explained 51,85% of the variance, and Cronbach's Alpha of 0,86. The second study aimed at testing the factorial structure found in the first study. A total of 279 university students participated, mostly from public universities (54,1%), male (51,3%) and with an average age of 23,1 years old (EP= 4,74). Through the Confirmatory Factor Analysis, good fit indicators were verified: X2/gl = 2,90; GFI = 0,98; CFI = 0,98; TLI=0,98; RMSEA = 0,08 (IC 90%=04-0,10). It is concluded that the RCBS presented adequate psychometric parameters and is a useful measure for future studies about compulsive buying.

Forças de caráter: evidências de uma escala e prevalência no Nordeste brasileiro

Objetiva-se verificar a prevalência das forças de caráter nos nordestinos, especificamente, reunir novas evidências psicométricas da Escala de Forças de Caráter (EFC). Contou-se com uma amostra de 383 pessoas (M idade = 27,81; DP= 10,83) oriunda em sua maioria da Paraíba, Brasil (24,3%), do sexo feminino (65,4%) e solteira (73,1%), que responderam a EFC e questões demográficas. Uma Análise Fatorial Exploratória indicou a unidimensionalidade da escala, as 24 forças saturando no fator com valor próprio igual a 9,69, explicando 43% da variância e cargas fatoriais de 0,41 (perdão) até 0,72 (vitalidade). O alfa de Cronbach (0,94) e ômega de McDonald (0,95) indicaram precisão satisfatória. Ademais, estatísticas descritivas foram realizadas identificando as forças mais prevalentes no Nordeste, respectivamente: gratidão, bondade, curiosidade, imparcialidade, amor ao aprendizado e esperança. Discute-se que a EFC reúne evidências para sua utilização e se discute a influência da cultura e região na prevalência das forças.

Se estudia la prevalencia de las fuerzas de carácter en los nordestinos, específicamente con la intención de reunir evidencias psicométricas de la Escala de Fuerzas de Carácter (EFC). Se contó con una muestra de 383 personas (M edad = 27.81, DE= 10.83) oriunda en su mayoría de Paraíba, Brasil (24.3%), del sexo femenino (65,4%) y soltera (73,1%), que respondieron a EFC y cuestiones demográficas. Un Análisis Factorial Exploratorio indicó la unidimensionalidad de la escala, las 24 fuerzas saturando en el factor con valor propio igual a 9.69, explicando el 43% de la varianza y cargas factoriales de .41 (perdón) hasta .72 (vitalidad). El alfa de Cronbach= .94 y omega de McDonald= .95 indican precisión satisfactoria. Posteriormente, estadísticas descriptivas fueron realizadas identificando como las fuerzas más prevalentes en el Nordeste: gratitud, bondad, curiosidad, imparcialidad, amor al aprendizaje y esperanza. Se plantea que la EFC reúne evidencias psicométricas para su utilización y se discute la influencia de la cultura y región en la prevalencia de las fuerzas.

This study assesses the prevalence of character strengths among Northeastern Brazilians to, more specifically, gather new psychometric evidence by applying the Character Strengths Scale (CSS) to a sample of 383 people (M age = 27.81; SD = 10.83), mostly single (73.1%) women (65.4%) from Paraíba, Brazil (24.3%), who completed the CSS and answered demographic questions. Exploratory factor analysis indicated the unidimensionality of the scale, with the 24 strengths of character loading on the factor with an eigenvalue of 9.69, explaining 43% of the variance, and with factor loadings ranging from 0.41 (forgiveness) to 0.72 (zest). Cronbach's alpha (0.94) and McDonald's omega (0.95) indicated satisfactory scale reliability. Furthermore, descriptive statistics were calculated to identify the most prevalent strengths in the Brazilian Northeast, namely, gratitude, kindness, curiosity, fairness, love of learning and hope, in decreasing order. Evidence is presented for the use of the CSS as well as the influence of culture and region on the prevalence of character strengths.

Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults: evidências psicométricas no nordeste brasileiro

A pesquisa objetivou adaptar a Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA) para o Brasil, reunindo evidências de validade e precisão. Realizaram-se dois estudos: no Estudo 1, participaram 319 universitários (Midade = 24.36) que responderam a SELSA e a questões demográficas. Os resultados da AFE indicaram uma estrutura trifatorial (Familiar, Romântica e Social), explicando 70.38% da variância total, com um alfa de Cronbach (α) variando de 0.84 a 0.92; no Estudo 2, participaram 200 universitários (Midade = 25.35) que responderam aos mesmos instrumentos do estudo anterior. A análise fatorial confirmatória apontou indicadores adequados (CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.07, Pclose = 0.06). A confiabilidade foi satisfatória (0.77 a 0.93). Conclui-se que o instrumento apresentou bons parâmetros psicométricos, mostrando-se uma ferramenta alternativa para os pesquisadores que investigam a solidão e seus correlatos, propondo-se novos estudos com uma amostra mais representativa

Este artículo analiza una investigación-intervención realizada con un grupo de apoyo a la adopción en la ciudad de Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Con ese fin, articula los datos de la investigación con el concepto de grupo-dispositivo, para comprender cómo el concepto puede contribuir como una herramienta de intervención para el campo de la psicología en el apoyo de la adopción. Dieciocho miembros del Grupo de Apoyo a la Adopción, en diferentes fases del proyecto adoptivo, participaron en el estudio. Los datos se analizaron a través del Análisis del discurso desde una perspectiva foucaultiana, que comprende los discursos en una ubicación histórico-social singular. A través de los resultados fue posible mostrar cómo el grupo-dispositivo, en el campo de la adopción, desnaturaliza los significados establecidos sobre el perfil de adopción deseado, los obstáculos de la adaptación, los prejuicios involucrados en la adopción y los movimientos grupales. Al enfatizar los movimientos singulares, el concepto permite que otros sentidos sobre el cuidado, la protección y la constitución familiar sean producidos

The research aimed to adapt the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA) to Brazil, gathering evidence of validity and accuracy. Two studies were carried out: in Study 1, 319 university students (Mage = 24.36) answered the SELSA and demographic questions. The exploratory factor analysis results indicated a three-factor structure (Family, Romantic and Social), explaining 70.38% of the total variance, with a Cronbach's alpha (α) ranging from .84 to .92; in Study 2, with 200 university students (Mage = 25.35) who answered the same instruments of the previous study. Confirmatory factorial analysis indicated adequate indicators (CFI = 0.98, TLI = .98, RMSEA = .07, Pclose = .06). Reliability was satisfactory (.77 to .93). It is concluded that the instrument presented good psychometric parameters, being an alternative tool for researchers investigating loneliness and its correlates, proposing new studies with a more representative sample

Hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction and chiral LC-MS/MS analysis of venlafaxine and its metabolites in plasma.

BACKGROUND: An enantioselective analytical method was developed and validated for determination of venlafaxine and its metabolites O-desmethylvenlafaxine and N-desmethylvenlafaxine in plasma samples. The method employed LC-MS/MS analysis and hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF LPME) for sample preparation. RESULTS: After HF LPME optimization the following condition was established: sample volume of 4 ml, sample agitation at 1750 rpm, 20 min of extraction, 0.1 mol/l acetic acid as acceptor phase, 1-octanol as organic phase and donor phase pH adjustment to 10. Under these conditions, the method was linear over the concentration range of 5-500 ng/ml with quantification limits of 5 ng/ml. CONCLUSION: The use of HF LPME for sample preparation provided suitable recoveries, efficient clean-up and low consumption of organic solvent.

Escala de uso problemático da internet em estudantes universitários: evidências de validade e precisão

Objetivou-se, por meio de dois estudos, reunir evidências de validade e precisão da Escala de Uso Problemático da Internet. No Estudo 1, os 240 universitários com média de 22.96 anos (DP = 3.45), responderam à escala e a questões sociodemográficas. Os resultados de uma Análise Fatorial Exploratória indicaram uma estrutura unidimensional, explicando 49,01% da variância total, composta por oito itens, com um alfa de Cronbach de .84. No Estudo 2, os 235 universitários, com média de 23.95 anos (DP = 6.67), responderam os mesmos instrumentos. Por meio de uma Análise Fatorial Confirmatória pode-se confirmar a estrutura encontrada, apresentando excelentes indicadores de ajustes: CFI = .99, TLI = .99, RMSEA = .03, além de um alfa de Cronbach de .82. Conclui-se que o instrumento apresenta evidências de validade e precisão e pode ser utilizado para aferição do uso problemático da internet e investigação de suas relações para a população estudada

El objetivo de este trabajo fue reunir evidencias de validez y fiabilidad de la Escala de uso problemático de Internet. En el estudio 1 respondieron a la escala y encuesta sociodemográfica, 240 universitarios, cuya media de edad ha sido de 22.96 años (DP = 3.45). Los resultados del Analisis Factorial Exploratorio indicaron una estructura unidimensional, explicando 49.01% de la varianza total, compuesta por ocho items, con un alfa de Cronbach de .84. En el estudio 2, los 235 universitarios, cuya media de edad ha sido 23.95 años (DP = 6.67) respondieron a los mismos instrumentos. A través de un Analisis Factorial Confirmatorio se puede confirmar la estructura, presentando excelentes indicadores de ajustes: CFI = .99, TLI = .99, RMSEA = .03, además de un alfa de Cronbach de .82. Se concluye que el instrumento presenta evidencias de validez y fiabilidad y se puede utilizar para la medición del uso problemático de internet e investigación de sus relaciones para la población estudiada

The objective of these two studies was to gather evidence of the validity and precision of the Scale of Problematic Internet Use. In Study 01, 240 university students, with an average age of 22.96 years (SD = 3.45), answered scale and sociodemographic questions. The results of an exploratory factor analysis indicated a one-dimensional structure, explaining 49.01% of the total variance and comprising eight items, with a Cronbach's alpha of .84. In Study 02, 235 university students, with an average age of 23.95 years (SD = 6.67), responded to the same instruments. Using confirmatory factor analysis, the structure can be confirmed and presents excellent fit indicators: CFI = .99, TLI = .99, RMSEA = .03 (90% CI = .00-.07) and Pclose = .72, in addition to a Cronbach's alpha of .82. It was concluded that the instrument presents evidence of validity and precision and can be used to gauge the problematic use of the Internet and investigate its relationships to the study population

Analysis of pharmaceutical pellets: an approach using near-infrared chemical imaging.

Pharmaceutical pellets are spherical or nearly spherical multi-unit dosage forms designed to optimize pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics features of drug release. The distribution of the pharmaceutical ingredients in the layers and core is a very important parameter for appropriate drug release, especially for pellets manufactured by the process of layer gain. Physical aspects of the sample are normally evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), but it is in many cases unsuitable to provide conclusive chemical information about the distribution of the pharmaceutical ingredients in both layers and core. On the other hand, methods based on spectroscopic imaging can be very promising for this purpose. In this work, a Near-Infrared Chemical Imaging (NIR-CI) method was developed and applied to the analysis of diclophenac sodium pellets. Since all the compounds present in the sample were known in advance, Classical Least Squares (CLS) was used for calculations. The results have shown that the method was capable of providing chemical information about the distribution of the active ingredient and excipients in the core and coating layers and therefore can be complementary to SEM for the pharmaceutical development of pellets.