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1.
Sci Total Environ ; 942: 173494, 2024 Sep 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38810746

RESUMEN

The soil is a vital resource that hosts many microorganisms crucial in biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem health. However, human activities such as the use of metal nanoparticles (MNPs), pesticides and the impacts of global climate change (GCCh) can significantly affect soil microbial communities (SMC). For many years, pesticides and, more recently, nanoparticles have contributed to sustainable agriculture to ensure continuous food production to sustain the significant growth of the world population and, therefore, the demand for food. Pesticides have a recognized pest control capacity. On the other hand, nanoparticles have demonstrated a high ability to improve water and nutrient retention, promote plant growth, and control pests. However, it has been reported that their accumulation in agricultural soils can also adversely affect the environment and soil microbial health. In addition, climate change, with its variations in temperature and extreme water conditions, can lead to drought and increased soil salinity, modifying both soil conditions and the composition and function of microbial communities. Abiotic stressors can interact and synergistically or additively affect soil microorganisms, significantly impacting soil functioning and the capacity to provide ecosystem services. Therefore, this work reviewed the current scientific literature to understand how multiple stressors interact and affect the SMC. In addition, the importance of molecular tools such as metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, proteomics, or metabolomics in the study of the responses of SMC to exposure to multiple abiotic stressors was examined. Future research directions were also proposed, focusing on exploring the complex interactions between stressors and their long-term effects and developing strategies for sustainable soil management. These efforts will contribute to the preservation of soil health and the promotion of sustainable agricultural practices.


Asunto(s)
Cambio Climático , Nanopartículas del Metal , Plaguicidas , Microbiología del Suelo , Nanopartículas del Metal/toxicidad , Contaminantes del Suelo , Suelo/química , Ecosistema , Microbiota/efectos de los fármacos , Agricultura/métodos
2.
Microbiol Res ; 266: 127248, 2023 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36335804

RESUMEN

The effect of a probiotic on gut microbiota depends not only on the species of microorganism but specifically on the strain. In human beings, as in other animals, specific probiotics have been associated with numerous beneficial properties, which include weight modulation (gain or loss), immune modulation, and prevention of many disorders such as lactose intolerance, cardiovascular diseases, and antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. Streptomyces are an essential group of soil bacteria in the Actinomycetes family. They are related to producing a wide range of secondary metabolites known for their beneficial effects on human health. However, according to the human microbiome analysis, a lower prevalence of Streptomyces genus exists than in other non-human microbiomes. This difference can be associated with current lifestyles. In this article, we review the benefits associated with different compounds produced by Streptomyces, with a particular focus on the production of exopolysaccharides, antibiotics, and other secondary metabolites and the potential innovative use of Streptomyces spp. as probiotics.


Asunto(s)
Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Microbiota , Probióticos , Streptomyces , Animales , Antibacterianos/farmacología
3.
Crit Rev Biotechnol ; 42(3): 431-449, 2022 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34233551

RESUMEN

The rapid development of nanomedicine has created a high demand for silver, copper and copper oxide nanoparticles. Due to their high reactivity and potent antimicrobial activity, silver and copper-based nanomaterials have been playing an important role in the search for new alternatives for the treatment of several issues of concern, such as pathologies caused by bacteria and viruses. Viral diseases are a significant and constant threat to public health. The most recent example is the pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this context, the object of the present review is to highlight recent progress in the biomedical uses of these metal nanoparticles for the treatment and prevention of human viral infections. We discuss the antiviral activity of AgNPs and Cu-based NPs, including their actions against SARS-CoV-2. We also discuss the toxicity, biodistribution and excretion of AgNPs and CuNPs, along with their uses in medical devices or on inert surfaces to avoid viral dissemination by fomites. The challenges and limitations of the biomedical use of these nanoparticles are presented.


Asunto(s)
Tratamiento Farmacológico de COVID-19 , Nanopartículas del Metal , Cobre , Humanos , Nanopartículas del Metal/uso terapéutico , Óxidos , SARS-CoV-2 , Plata/farmacología , Distribución Tisular
4.
J Hazard Mater ; 390: 121974, 2020 05 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32062374

RESUMEN

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted remarkable attention due to their powerful antimicrobial action as well as their particular physicochemical properties. This has led to their application in a wide variety of products with promising results. However, their interaction with the environment and toxicity in live terrestrial or aquatic organisms is still a matter of intense debate. More detailed knowledge is still required about the toxicity of AgNPs, their possible uptake mechanisms and their adverse effects in live organisms. Several studies have reported the interactions and potential negative effects of AgNPs in different organisms. In this review, we report and discuss the current state of the art and perspectives for the impact of AgNPs on different organisms present in the environment. Recent progress in interpreting uptake, translocation and accumulation mechanisms in different organisms and/or living animals are discussed, as well as the toxicity of AgNPs and possible tolerance mechanisms in live organisms to cope with their deleterious effects. Finally, we discuss the challenges of accurate physicochemical characterization of AgNPs and their ecotoxicity in environmentally realistic conditions such as soil and water media.


Asunto(s)
Contaminantes Ambientales/toxicidad , Nanopartículas del Metal/toxicidad , Plata/toxicidad , Animales , Organismos Acuáticos/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Plantas/efectos de los fármacos , Microbiología del Suelo
6.
Sci Total Environ ; 670: 1068-1074, 2019 Jun 20.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31018422

RESUMEN

Copper nanoparticles (NCu) may co-exist with other pollutants in agricultural soils, such as pesticides. However, this has been little evaluated yet. Thus, possible effects of the simultaneous applications of pesticides and NCu on biogeochemical cycles are expected, for example on the nitrogen cycle. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of simultaneous application of the herbicide atrazine (ATZ) and NCu on the abundance of total bacteria and nitrifying communities: ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). Moreover, the ATZ dissipation was evaluated. A soil-plant system containing ATZ at field dose (3 mg a.i. kg-1) was mixed with two doses of NCu (0.05% or 0.15% w/w). Changes in the abundance of 16S rRNA and ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes of AOA and AOB were evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) at three sampling times (1, 15 and 30 days). The residual ATZ and nitrate production were also measured. The results showed significant differences in microbial composition and abundance over the 30 days of the experiment. Particularly, an initial decrease was observed in total bacterial abundance due to the presence of ATZ and NCu respect to ATZ alone (~60%). The abundance of AOA was also remarkably reduced (~85%), but these communities gradually recovered towards the end of the experiment. Conversely, AOB abundance initially increased (>100%) and remained mainly unaltered in soil exposed to ATZ and NCu 0.15% w/w, where nitrate formation was also constant. Moreover, NCu decreased the ATZ dissipation, which was translated in a 2-fold increase on the ATZ half-life values (T1/2). This study demonstrates that the simultaneous presence of NCu and ATZ may represent a risk for the total bacteria present in soil and sensitive microorganisms such as nitrifying communities, and changes in the dissipation of the pesticide could influence this process.


Asunto(s)
Archaea/fisiología , Atrazina/efectos adversos , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Bacterianos , Cobre/efectos adversos , Herbicidas/efectos adversos , Nanopartículas del Metal/efectos adversos , Contaminantes del Suelo/efectos adversos , Genes Bacterianos , Ciclo del Nitrógeno , ARN Bacteriano/análisis , ARN Ribosómico 16S/análisis , Microbiología del Suelo
7.
Crit Rev Biotechnol ; 39(2): 157-172, 2019 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30396282

RESUMEN

Metal nanoparticles and metal oxides nanoparticles (MNPs/MONPs) have been widely included in a great diversity of products and industrial applications and they are already a part of our everyday life. According to estimation studies, their production is expected to increase exponentially in the next few years. Consequently, soil has been suggested as the main sink of MNPs/MONPs once they are deliberately or accidentally released into the environment. The potential negative perturbations that may result on soil microbial communities and ecological processes are resulting in concerns. Several nano-toxicological studies of MNPs/MONPs, reported so far, have focused on aquatic organisms, animals, and soil invertebrates. However, during recent years, the studies have been oriented to understand the effects of MNPs/MONPs on microbial communities and their interaction with soil components. The studies have suggested that MNPs/MONPs are one of the most toxic type to soil biota, amongst different types of nanomaterials. This may threaten soil health and fertility, since microbial communities are known to support important biological processes and ecosystem services such as the nutrient cycling, whereby their protection against the environmental pollution is imperative. Therefore, in this review we summarize the actual knowledge available from the last five years (2013-2018) and gaps about the potential negative, positive or neutral effects produced on soil by different classes of MNPs/MONPs. A particular emphasis has been placed on the associated soil microorganisms and biological processes. Finally, perspectives about future research are discussed.


Asunto(s)
Nanopartículas del Metal , Metales , Óxidos , Microbiología del Suelo , Contaminantes del Suelo , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Nanopartículas del Metal/toxicidad , Metales/química , Metales/toxicidad , Microbiota , Nanotecnología , Óxidos/química , Óxidos/toxicidad , Suelo/química , Contaminantes del Suelo/química , Contaminantes del Suelo/toxicidad
8.
J Hazard Mater ; 361: 228-236, 2019 01 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30196035

RESUMEN

Copper nanoparticles (NCu) have been proposed as an antimicrobial agent in agriculture. Therefore, NCu may interact with numerous pollutants including pesticides. Little is known about the combined effects of NCu and pesticides in soil. This study aimed at assessing the impact of NCu combined with the herbicide atrazine (ATZ) on soil. We focused on assessing the adsorption and dissipation of ATZ in the presence of NCu and the changes in microbial community profiles. First, ATZ adsorption isotherms (described using the Freundlich equation) were evaluated. After that, soil samples were spiked with NCu (40-60 nm) at 0.05 and 0.15% w/w and ATZ (3 mg a.i kg-1) and incubated for 30 days. The results showed that ATZ adsorption is favored by the presence of NCu. On the other hand, NCu at 0.15% w/w caused a significant decrease in ATZ dissipation, increasing its half-life from 6 to 37 days. Microbial community profiles (bacteria, fungi and nitrifying bacteria) remained relatively stable throughout the evaluated period. Therefore, our findings suggest that NCu can increase the persistence of ATZ in soil, which may be mostly associated to physical-chemical interaction with soil particles more than a microbial impact.


Asunto(s)
Atrazina/análisis , Cobre/análisis , Nanopartículas/análisis , Plaguicidas/análisis , Microbiología del Suelo , Contaminantes del Suelo/análisis , Atrazina/metabolismo , Biodegradación Ambiental , Cobre/metabolismo , Microbiota/efectos de los fármacos , Nanopartículas/metabolismo , Plaguicidas/metabolismo , Suelo/química , Contaminantes del Suelo/metabolismo
9.
Biodegradation ; 28(5-6): 395-412, 2017 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28780760

RESUMEN

The dissipation of atrazine, chlorpyrifos and iprodione in a biopurification system and changes in the microbial and some biological parameters influenced by the rhizosphere of Lolium perenne were studied in a column system packed with an organic biomixture. Three column depths were analyzed for residual pesticides, peroxidase, fluorescein diacetate activity and microbial communities. Fungal colonization was analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy to assess the extent of its proliferation in wheat straw. The L. perenne rhizosphere enhanced pesticide dissipation and negligible pesticide residues were detected at 20-30 cm column depth. Atrazine, chlorpyrifos and iprodione removal was 82, 89 and 74% respectively in the first 10 cm depth for columns with vegetal cover. The presence of L. perenne in contaminated columns stimulated peroxidase activity in all three column depth sections. Fluorescein diacetate activity decreased over time in all column sections with the highest values in biomixtures with vegetal cover. Microbial communities, analyzed by PCR-DGGE, were not affected by the pesticide mixture application, presenting high values of similarity (>65%) with and without vegetal cover. Microbial abundance of Actinobacteria varied according to treatment and no clear link was observed. However, bacterial abundance increased over time and was similar with and without vegetal cover. On the other hand, fungal abundance decreased in all sections of columns after 40 days, but an increase was observed in response to pesticide application. Fungal colonization and straw degradation during pesticide dissipation were verified by monitoring the lignin autofluorescence loss.


Asunto(s)
Bacterias/metabolismo , Hongos/metabolismo , Plaguicidas/metabolismo , Contaminantes del Suelo/metabolismo , Atrazina/química , Atrazina/metabolismo , Bacterias/clasificación , Bacterias/genética , Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Biodegradación Ambiental , Cloropirifos/química , Cloropirifos/metabolismo , Hongos/clasificación , Hongos/genética , Hongos/aislamiento & purificación , Plaguicidas/química , Rizosfera , Microbiología del Suelo , Contaminantes del Suelo/química
10.
Chemosphere ; 156: 195-203, 2016 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27176942

RESUMEN

Actinobacteria identified as Streptomyces spp. were evaluated for their ability to remove diazinon as the only carbon source from a liquid medium. Single cultures of Streptomyces strains were exposed to diazinon at a concentration of 50 mg L(-1). After 96 h incubation, six of the eight cultures grew and five strains showed an increase in their total protein concentrations and changes in their protein profile. Up to 32% of the diazinon was removed by the single Streptomyces cultures. A compatibility assay showed that the different Streptomyces species were not antagonistic. Twenty-six mixed cultures were then prepared. Diazinon removal was increased when mixed cultures were used, and maximum diazinon removal of 62% was observed when the Streptomyces spp. strains AC5, AC9, GA11 and ISP13 were mixed; this was defined as the selected mixed culture (SMC). Diazinon removal was positively influenced by the addition of glucose into the liquid medium. Our study showed a diazinon degradation rate of 0.025 h(-1), half-life of 28 h(-1) and 2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol (IMHP) production of 0.143 mg L h(-1). Rapid diazinon hydrolysis to IMHP was associated with a decrease in the pH of the medium as a consequence of microbial glucose metabolism and organic acid exudation. Moreover, the SMC of Streptomyces was able to remove IMHP. This work constitutes a new, if not the only, report on diazinon degradation by mixed cultures of Streptomyces spp. Given the high levels of diazinon removal, the SMC formed by four Streptomyces strains has the potential to be used to treat the diazinon present in environmental matrices.


Asunto(s)
Diazinón/metabolismo , Pirimidinas/metabolismo , Streptomyces/metabolismo , Semivida , Hidrólisis , Streptomyces/crecimiento & desarrollo , Streptomyces/aislamiento & purificación
11.
Crit Rev Biotechnol ; 36(1): 144-52, 2016.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25198437

RESUMEN

Fungi are an extraordinary and immensely diverse group of microorganisms that colonize many habitats even competing with other microorganisms. Fungi have received recognition for interesting metabolic activities that have an enormous variety of biotechnological applications. Previously, volatile organic compounds produced by fungi (FVOCs) have been demonstrated to have a great capacity for use as antagonist products against plant pathogens. However, in recent years, FVOCs have been received attention as potential alternatives to the use of traditional pesticides and, therefore, as important eco-friendly biotechnological tools to control plant pathogens. Therefore, highlighting the current state of knowledge of these fascinating FVOCs, the actual detection techniques and the bioactivity against plant pathogens is essential to the discovery of new products that can be used as biopesticides.


Asunto(s)
Biotecnología , Hongos/metabolismo , Enfermedades de las Plantas/prevención & control , Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles/metabolismo , Hongos/química , Enfermedades de las Plantas/microbiología , Plantas/efectos de los fármacos , Plantas/microbiología , Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles/química
12.
J Hazard Mater ; 260: 459-67, 2013 Sep 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23811367

RESUMEN

The effects of repeated atrazine application (40 mg a.i.kg(-1)) on its degradation, microbial communities and enzyme activities were studied in a peat based biomixture composed by straw, soil and peat in the volumetric proportions of 2:1:1 that can be used in on-farm biopurification system. Atrazine removal efficiency was high (96%, 78% and 96%) after each atrazine application and did not show a lag phase. Microbial enzyme activities were reduced significantly with atrazine application but rapidly recovered. Microbial diversity obtained by BiologEcoplate was similar after the first and second atrazine application. However, an inhibitory effect was observed after the third application. After each atrazine application, culturable fungi were reduced, but rapidly recovered without significant changes in culturable bacteria and actinomycetes compared to the control. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) patterns demonstrated that microbial community structure remained relatively stable in time when compared to the controls. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that after successive ATZ applications, the peat based biomixture had a good degradation capacity. Moreover, microbiological assays demonstrated the robustness of the peat based biomixture from a microbiological point of view to support pesticide degradation.


Asunto(s)
Atrazina/análisis , Atrazina/química , Consorcios Microbianos/efectos de los fármacos , Microbiología del Suelo , Contaminantes del Suelo/análisis , Actinobacteria/clasificación , Actinobacteria/efectos de los fármacos , Bacterias/clasificación , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Biodegradación Ambiental , Electroforesis en Gel de Gradiente Desnaturalizante , Hongos/clasificación , Hongos/efectos de los fármacos , Plaguicidas/química , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Suelo , Contaminantes del Suelo/metabolismo , Factores de Tiempo
13.
Chemosphere ; 93(6): 1084-93, 2013 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23806487

RESUMEN

The impact of repeated carbendazim (CARB) applications on the extent of CARB dissipation, the microbial diversity, the community level physiological profile (CLPP), and the enzymatic activity within the biomixture of an on-farm biopurification system was evaluated. After three successive CARB applications, the CARB dissipation efficiency was high; the efficiency of dissipation was 87%, 94% and 96% after each application, respectively. Although microbial enzymatic activity was affected significantly by CARB application, it could recover after each CARB pulse. Likewise, the numbers of cultivable bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes (as measured in CFUs) were slightly affected by the addition of CARB, but the inhibitory effect of the pesticide application was temporary. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and Biolog Ecoplate assays demonstrated that the microbial populations remained relatively stable over time when compared to the control. The results obtained herein therefore demonstrate the high dissipation capacity of this biomixture and highlight the microbiological robustness of this biological system.


Asunto(s)
Bencimidazoles/análisis , Carbamatos/análisis , Fungicidas Industriales/análisis , Consorcios Microbianos/efectos de los fármacos , Microbiología del Suelo , Contaminantes del Suelo/análisis , Agricultura , Bencimidazoles/metabolismo , Bencimidazoles/toxicidad , Biodegradación Ambiental , Carbamatos/metabolismo , Carbamatos/toxicidad , Fungicidas Industriales/metabolismo , Fungicidas Industriales/toxicidad , Contaminantes del Suelo/metabolismo , Contaminantes del Suelo/toxicidad , Eliminación de Residuos Líquidos/métodos
14.
Chemosphere ; 92(10): 1361-6, 2013 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23746365

RESUMEN

The biobed systems were designed to retain and to degrade pesticides through the properties of a biomixture composed of straw (ST), topsoil and peat (PT) 2:1:1 v/v. The ST is the main substrate in the biomixture, as it allows the proliferation of fungi that promotes pesticide degradation. The use of readily available components in the biomixture is an important aspect to build a biobed. Therefore, potential use of readily available wastes as barley husk (BH), sawdust (SW) and oat husk (OH), as total or partial substitutes of ST were tested in pesticide degradation studies. Metabolite formation and the biological activities were also evaluated. Biomixture composed of OH was highly efficient in pesticide degradation, with t½ values of 28.6, 58.9 and 26.8 d for atrazine (ATZ), chlorpyrifos (CHL) and isoproturon (ISP). On the other hand, comparable for degrading capacities with the ST based biomixture were obtained with SW and BH, but only as partial replacement. Contrarily, high t½ values (more than 100 d) were obtained in biomixtures with total substitution of ST by SW or BH. Metabolite formation was observed in all biomixtures tested, but without clear formation patterns. Moreover, high and stable biological activity was observed in the biomixtures composed of OH. Therefore, our results demonstrated that ST can be partial or totally replaced by OH in the biomixture allowing an efficient degradation of pesticide mixture. However, it is recommended that ST can be only partially replaced by BH and SW in the biomixture to allow efficient pesticide degradation.


Asunto(s)
Celulosa/metabolismo , Plaguicidas/aislamiento & purificación , Microbiología del Suelo , Contaminantes del Suelo/aislamiento & purificación , Suelo/química , Biodegradación Ambiental , Celulosa/química , Hongos/metabolismo , Plaguicidas/metabolismo , Contaminantes del Suelo/metabolismo
15.
Biodegradation ; 24(5): 711-20, 2013 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23386245

RESUMEN

The effect of the terpenes α-pinene, eucalyptol, and limonene, individually and as mixtures, on atrazine (ATZ) biodegradation and on biological activity in a biobed biomixture was evaluated. Additionally, terpenes emitted from the biomixture were captured using solid-phase microextraction. Terpenes added individually at relatively low concentrations (50 µg kg(-1)) significantly enhanced ATZ degradation and biological activity during the first incubation days. No significant effect on ATZ degradation was found from adding the terpene mixture, and, interestingly, an inhibitory effect on phenoloxidase activity was found during the first 20 days of incubation when mixed terpenes were present at 100 µg kg(-1). Capturing terpenes demonstrated that during the first hour of incubation a significant fraction of the terpenes was volatilized. These results are the first to demonstrate the feasibility of using terpenes to enhance the degradation of a pesticide. However, successive applications of terpenes or the addition of materials that slowly release terpenes could sustain the ATZ degradation enhancement.


Asunto(s)
Atrazina/metabolismo , Reactores Biológicos/microbiología , Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles/metabolismo , Biodegradación Ambiental , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Fluoresceínas/metabolismo , Semivida , Hidrólisis , Monofenol Monooxigenasa/metabolismo , Terpenos , Volatilización
16.
Chemosphere ; 88(2): 224-8, 2012 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22440639

RESUMEN

The biomixture is a principal element controlling the degradation efficacy of the biobed. The maturity of the biomixture used in the biobed affects its overall performance of the biobed, but this is not well studied yet. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of using a typical composition of Swedish biomixture at different maturity stages on the degradation of chlorpyrifos. Tests were made using biomixture at three maturity stages: 0 d (BC0), 15 d (BC15) and 30 d (BC30); chlorpyrifos was added to the biobeds at final concentration of 200, 320 and 480 mg kg(-1). Chlorpyrifos degradation in the biomixture was monitored over time. Formation of TCP (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyrinidol) was also quantified, and hydrolytic and phenoloxidase activities measured. The biomixture efficiently degraded chlorpyrifos (degradation efficiency >50%) in all the evaluated maturity stages. However, chlorpyrifos degradation decreased with increasing concentrations of the pesticide. TCP formation occurred in all biomixtures, but a major accumulation was observed in BC30. Significant differences were found in both phenoloxidase and hydrolytic activities in the three maturity stages of biomixture evaluated. Also, these two biological activities were affected by the increase in pesticide concentration. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that chlorpyrifos can be degraded efficiently in all the evaluated maturity stages.


Asunto(s)
Cloropirifos/metabolismo , Plaguicidas/metabolismo , Contaminantes del Suelo/metabolismo , Biodegradación Ambiental , Cloropirifos/análisis , Plaguicidas/análisis , Suelo/química , Microbiología del Suelo , Contaminantes del Suelo/análisis
17.
J Environ Manage ; 95 Suppl: S193-8, 2012 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21193264

RESUMEN

The effect of pulp mill sludge addition (10-30 Mg/ha) to soil derived from volcanic ash (Andisol) on soil characteristics, microbial community and Lolium perenne L. cv quartet. biomass production was evaluated in field assays. Soil without sludge was used as a control treatment. The sludge addition improved the chemical properties of the soil. Organic matter and phosphorous content increased in the soil with increasing amounts of sludge, obtaining 35% more organic matter content with the application of 30 Mg/ha than the control soil. The phosphorous was accumulated into the soil after the end of cultivation improving the phosphorous pool in the soil. When 30 Mg/ha sludge was added to the soil, a biomass of Lolium perenne, was 60% more than the control soil at the end of the experiment. The analysis of soil microbial community showed that the application of sludge did not modify greatly the microbial community of fungi and bacteria even when high doses were applied.


Asunto(s)
Lolium/crecimiento & desarrollo , Aguas del Alcantarillado , Microbiología del Suelo , Suelo/química , Biomasa , Fertilizantes/análisis , Residuos Industriales , Metales/análisis , Fósforo/análisis , Fósforo/metabolismo , Aguas del Alcantarillado/química , Suelo/análisis , Erupciones Volcánicas
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