Penetration of moxifloxacin into rat mandibular bone and soft tissue.

OBJECTIVE: Based on its in vitro activity and spectrum of activity, the new 8-methoxyquinolone antibiotic moxifloxacin (MXF) seems suited for the antibiotic therapy of odontogenic infections. Penetration into the relevant tissue is another prerequisite for clinical efficacy. For this reason, the levels of MXF in plasma, soft tissue, and mandibular bone were determined in an animal model with Wistar rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Samples of 49 rats were analyzed. Tissue samples were homogenized and proteins were precipitated. The pharmacokinetic evaluation was conducted based on non-compartmental analysis. RESULTS: The concentration-time courses of tissues show a more plateau-shaped curve compared to plasma. Calculated AUC (area under the curve) ratios tissue:plasma were M. masseter:plasma = 2.64 and mandibles:plasma = 1.13. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of antibiotics is considered an important part of therapy during and/or after surgical procedures in the maxillofacial area. Because of the good penetration into bone and muscle tissues demonstrated in Wistar rats, MXF might be an option for clinical application in this indication.

Effects of fibrin glue on wound healing in oral cavity.

OBJECTIVES: Healing after oral cavity surgery may be problematic in some cases, because it is a contaminated cavity. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of fibrin glue on healing after surgical procedures in the oral cavity. METHODS: Forty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were used at this study, 24 in study (Group 1) and 18 in control (Group 2) groups. First molars of the rats were extracted with some cortical bone. The exposed cavities were filled with fibrin glue after hemostasis in study group but 5/0 silk suture was used in control group. The rats were sacrificed after two, four and six weeks and histologic analysis was performed. RESULTS: Healing was better in the study group. Foreign body reaction was lower in Group 1 (1/24, 4.1%) than Group 2 (6/18, 33.3%) (p<0.05). Also abcess formation scores were better in Group 1 (3/24, 12.5%) than Group 2 (10/18, 55.5%) (p<0.008, chi(2)=7). The last significant difference was on necrosis and better results were obtained in Group 1 (2/24, 8.3%) than Group 2 (10/18, 55.5%) (p<0.001, chi(2)=11.24). CONCLUSIONS: The use of fibrin glue on wound healing in the oral cavity has a positive effect when compared with traditional suture techniques.

Arteriovenous malformation of the mandible: a case report.

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are an abnormal collection of blood vessels. They are extremely rare congenital or acquired abnormalities in the structure of blood vessels. These malformations have been associated with severe hemorrhage resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Gingival bleeding seems to be a common symptom of most documented cases of AVM, and radiographs most often appear normal. A 12-year-old girl who was first examined by a general dentist for occasional bleeding associated with the right mandibular teeth was referred to the University of Istanbul, Faculty of Dentistry. During the suturing process to stop the leakage around the mandibular right first molar, uncontrollable hemorrhage began. Magnetic resonance imaging and angiogram revealed the AVM of the right mandibular body. After embolization with an injection of a mixture of cyanoacrylate and lipiodol, the tooth was extracted and initial periodontal therapy performed. The patient has maintained a satisfactory gingival and oral condition since the completion of dental treatment and establishment of oral hygiene. Clinicians should be aware of these lesions and the impact they can have on routine procedures. Proper recognition and therapeutic intervention can help to avoid serious complications and potentially tragic outcomes.