RESUMEN
The aim of this study was to combine different lines of evidence on the impact of chemical pollution on benthic invertebrate communities in three European river basins (Elbe, Scheldt, and Llobregat). The study integrates chemical analyses, a battery of different sediment toxicity tests, and field data from soft-sediment meio- and macrobenthic fauna within a sediment-quality triad in which chironomids, oligochaetes, and nematodes are identified on the species level. The use of TU (toxic units) and msPAF (multi-substance potentially affected fraction) in an approach assessing the chemical impact as well as the integration of sediment toxicity tests with bacteria (Vibrio fischeri), benthic invertebrates (Caenorhabditis elegans, Potamopyrgus antipodarum, Lumbriculus variegatus, Chironomus riparius), and fish embryos (Danio rerio), together with univariate and non-parametric multivariate statistical analyses of the biological data revealed significant differences between unpolluted and polluted sites in all three river basins. To combine the different results obtained in the sediment-quality triad, a scoring system was successfully developed based on a simple algorithm. This system provides an easily understandable scheme for non-experts among decision makers and water managers.
Asunto(s)
Aliivibrio fischeri/efectos de los fármacos , Chironomidae/efectos de los fármacos , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodos , Nematodos/efectos de los fármacos , Oligoquetos/efectos de los fármacos , Ríos/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/toxicidad , Pez Cebra/metabolismo , Análisis de Varianza , Animales , Monitoreo del Ambiente/estadística & datos numéricos , Europa (Continente) , Sedimentos Geológicos/análisis , Metales Pesados/análisis , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisisRESUMEN
Thirty patients, 2-12 years of age, with selective IgA deficiency or low level of IgA were investigated. Among them we found 5 children with coeliac disease, 15 with milk protein intolerance. Recurrent respiratory tract infections, otitis, septicemia and urinary tract infections were also frequently noted.
Asunto(s)
Deficiencia de IgA/complicaciones , Enfermedad Celíaca/sangre , Niño , Preescolar , Humanos , Hipersensibilidad a la Leche/sangre , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/sangre , Infecciones Urinarias/sangreRESUMEN
Abetalipoproteinaemia (ABLP) was diagnosed in a brother and sister, 9 and 13 years old, presenting with symptoms of malabsorption during the neonatal period. Both children showed most of the main clinical features of ABLP, including neurological, and ophthalmic symptoms, and mental retardation. Acanthocytosis of erythrocytes was almost complete in the affected children, while in most of the remaining 11 members of their three-generation family, it was found in less than 50% of red blood cells. Absence of apoprotein B and low concentrations of apo A-I and lipids were found only in ABLP-affected children. Among five siblings only the two affected children had ABLP-characteristic lipid storage in enterocytes. The latter features correlated better with clinical symptoms than did the acanthocytosis of erythrocytes.