RESUMEN
Correct timing of developmental phase transitions is critical for the survival and fitness of plants. Developmental phase transitions in plants are partially promoted by controlling relevant genes into active or repressive status. Polycomb Repressive Complex1 (PRC1) and PRC2, originally identified in Drosophila, are essential in initiating and/or maintaining genes in repressive status to mediate developmental phase transitions. Our review summarizes mechanisms in which the embryo-to-seedling transition, the juvenile-to-adult transition, and vegetative-to-reproductive transition in plants are mediated by PRC1 and PRC2, and suggests that PRC1 could act either before or after PRC2, or that they could function independently of each other. Details of the exact components of PRC1 and PRC2 in each developmental phase transitions and how they are recruited or removed will need to be addressed in the future.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Plantas/embriología , Complejo Represivo Polycomb 1/metabolismo , Complejo Represivo Polycomb 2/metabolismo , Plantones/embriología , Regulación del Desarrollo de la Expresión Génica , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Plantas/genética , Plantas/metabolismo , Complejo Represivo Polycomb 1/genética , Complejo Represivo Polycomb 2/genética , Plantones/genética , Plantones/metabolismoRESUMEN
Forage yield is largely dependent on leaf development, during which the number of leaves, leaflets, leaf size, and shape are determined. In this mini-review, we briefly summarize recent studies of leaf development in Medicago truncatula, a model plant for legumes, with a focus on factors that could affect biomass of leaves. These include: floral development and related genes, lateral organ boundary genes, auxin biosynthesis, transportation and signaling genes, and WOX related genes.
Asunto(s)
Medicago truncatula , Medicago truncatula/genética , Hojas de la Planta/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/genéticaRESUMEN
Citrus greening disease is caused by the pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus and transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri. No curative treatment or significant prevention mechanism exists for this disease, which causes economic losses from reduced citrus production. A high-quality genome of D. citri is being manually annotated to provide accurate gene models to identify novel control targets and increase understanding of this pest. Here, we annotated 25 D. citri genes involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, and seven in trehaloneogenesis. Comparative analysis showed that glycolysis genes in D. citri are highly conserved but copy numbers vary. Analysis of expression levels revealed upregulation of several enzymes in the glycolysis pathway in the thorax, consistent with the primary use of glucose by thoracic flight muscles. Manually annotating these core metabolic pathways provides accurate genomic foundation for developing gene-targeting therapeutics to control D. citri.