Thirty-Day Complication Rates After Gender-Affirming Bottom Surgery: An Analysis of the NSQIP Database From 2010 to 2020.

PURPOSE: Gender-affirming bottom surgeries (GABS) play a central role in treating gender dysphoria to improve quality of life for transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) patients. However, there exists limited data on operative risks and outcomes for patient populations undergoing GABS. The goal of this study is to identify sociodemographic and clinical risk factors for determining 30-day postoperative complications in patients undergoing GABS. METHODS: The ACS-NSQIP database from 2010 to 2020 was used to identify patients undergoing gender affirmation surgery (GAS) using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes included in transfeminine and transmasculine bottom surgery. IBS-SPSS software was used to perform a multivariate analysis to determine risk factors for increased 30-day postoperative complications including unplanned reoperation and readmission rates. RESULTS: A total of 1809 GABS were performed in the NSQIP database from 2010 to 2020. There was an upward trend in GABS procedures throughout the years, with 2017 having the most GABS (n = 629). Transmasculine patients with a BMI of 29 and over were at a greater risk for wound complications (P < 0.05). Diabetic transfeminine patients were also at a greater risk for wound complications (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study identified that several sociodemographic and clinical risk factors, such as BMI and diabetes mellitus type 2, had increased postoperative complications for patients undergoing gender-affirming bottom surgeries. Wound care management and patient education are essential in GABS to prevent long-term complications. Physician awareness of risk factors and social determinants of health can help prevent and improve postoperative care education and patient compliance.

Successful management of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in an adolescent with newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS and histoplasmosis.

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome characterised by persistent fevers, cytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly and systemic inflammation. Secondary HLH can be triggered by various aetiologies including infections, malignancies and autoimmune conditions. We highlight the complexity of HLH diagnosis and management by describing a case of an adolescent Salvadoran immigrant with HLH, newly diagnosed HIV, Streptococcal bacteraemia and disseminated histoplasmosis. The patient presented with neurological and ocular findings along with persistent fevers and cytopenia. He was diagnosed with HLH and treated with anakinra in addition to receiving treatment for HIV, Streptococcal bacteraemia and histoplasmosis. The patient's HLH resolved without corticosteroids or chemotherapy, which are considered the mainstays for HLH treatment. This case underscores the need for the evaluation and management of multiple infections and individualised management in patients presenting with HLH to achieve favourable outcomes.

Concurrent abdominal body contouring and hernia repair are safe choices: An analysis of the 2015-2020 ACS-NSQIP database.

BACKGROUND: Concurrent hernia repair (HR) with abdominal body contouring procedures (ABD), panniculectomy, and abdominoplasty, has been discussed as a strategy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate potential medical and surgical complications following concurrent ABD-HR, with a greater emphasis on cosmetic abdominoplasty. METHODS: The 2015-2020 ACS-NSQIP datasets were utilized to identify patients who underwent ABD or ABD-HR. Propensity score (PS) matching was used to reduce selection bias by equating groups (ABD vs. ABD-HR) based on covariates. Bivariate analyses of independent variables by our outcomes of interest were performed using the Pearson Chi-Square and Fisher's Exact tests for categorical variables and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables. RESULTS: Of the 14,115 patients identified in the ACS-NSQIP, 13,634 had ABD, while 481 had both ABD and HR. Following PS-matching of the cohorts, ABD (n = 481) and ABD-HR (n = 481), bivariate analysis of the combination of incisional, umbilical, and epigastric hernias indicated longer operative times (mean: 209.6 min) (P < 0.001) and a longer hospital length of stay (mean: 1.9 days) (P < 0.001). The incidence rate of postoperative complications such as wound dehiscence, deep venous thromboembolism, DVT, unplanned return to the OR within 30 days, and other medical complications revealed no significant differences between the two cohorts. A sub-group analysis of wound complications found no significant difference for any wound type. Analysis was also conducted for each type of hernia separately, yielding the same results. CONCLUSION: Our results show no increase in postoperative morbidity when combining ABD and HR compared to ABD alone, suggesting that these procedures can be safely performed concurrently and regardless of the type of hernia.