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OBJECTIVES: The current study evaluated deaf and hard-of-hearing students' mental health in terms of emotional and behavioral strengths and difficulties, as measured by the SDQ in the Canary Islands. Furthermore, it evaluated the students' psycholinguistic abilities using the Spanish version of the ITPA. METHODS: The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to assess school children problems. The Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities measured student spoken and written linguistic abilities. RESULTS: Student self-reports yielded different SDQ scores to parent and teacher reports. Student spoken and written linguistic abilities varied according to ten covariates. DISCUSSION: Perceptions about the mental health of children differed according to the groups studied. Perceptions about student abilities in the classroom were different, particularly the ability to reproduce sequences of complex and non-significant figures by memory. CONCLUSION: Two outcomes emerged: a) conduct problems were the SDQ subscale that most distinguished children with cochlear implants from those with hearing aids, and b) tutor and specialist teacher experience appeared as the decisive influencing students' psycholinguistic abilities.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: First, this study aimed at evaluating the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and socio-demographic characteristics of children with cochlear implants (CIs) and hearing aids (HAs) from the 2 provinces of the Canary Islands (Spain) on the Kid-KINDLR_children_7-13. The second goal was to analyze parental background factors and the perspectives of their children with CIs and HAs on Kid_Kiddo-KINDLR_Parents_ 7-17. Finally, the third objective was to explore agreement between children's self-reports and their parents' reports concerning HRQoL. DESIGN: The data consisted of 89 children with CIs and 63 children with HAs and their 89 parents, respectively. The socio-demographic characteristics of children and parental background factors included demographic and audiological variables. Student's t-test, one-way ANOVA, post hoc analysis and 4 concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) were used to address the 3 aims. RESULTS: Children with CIs exhibited a perception of better HRQoL in comparison with children with HAs. Among other differences, children with CIs and HAs and their parents were significantly distinct in Setting (i.e., provinces of Tenerife and Gran Canaria) (t = 2.921, p < 0.010). Moreover, parents were significantly different in some background factors (i.e., age, socioeconomic status, and learning). While Cohen's Kappa values for most dimensions were too small, the ICC and Student's t-test expressed only concordance in the overall HRQoL and Physical well-being. CONCLUSIONS: Children with CIs and their parents demostrated a perception of better HRQoL than children with HAs and their parents. Overall, children's self-ratings of HRQoL differed from their parents' reports.
RESUMEN
INTRODUCCIÓN: Los objetivos del estudio fueron: primero, evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) de niños y niñas con implantes cocleares (nIC) o audífonos (nAU) de educación primaria de Islas Canarias. Segundo, analizar las percepciones que los progenitores (padres o madres) tenían de la CVRS de los nIC o nAU y finalmente, explorar la homogeneidad de resultados entre los autoinformes de los nIC y nAU y los informes de sus progenitores sobre la CVRS. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se obtuvieron datos de 89 nIC y 63 nAU y sus 152 progenitores. Se utilizaron 2 instrumentos estandarizados: el Kid-KINDLR_children_7-13, el Kid_Kiddo-KINDLR_Parents_7-17 y un cuestionario con variables demográficas y audiológicas que respondieron nIC y nAU y sus progenitores. Mediante la prueba «t» de Student, ANOVA de una vía, análisis post hoc y 3 coeficientes de correlación de concordancia (CCC) se analizaron los 3 objetivos. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN: Los nIC mostraron una percepción de mejor CVRS en comparación con los nAU. Los nIC y nAU y sus padres fueron significativamente distintos en las provincias de Tenerife y Gran Canaria. Los nIC y nAU de Gran Canaria obtuvieron mejores resultados en las dimensiones bienestar emocional y familiar, mientras que los nIC y nAU de Tenerife destacaron en autoestima o amigos. Los progenitores de los niños con IC (pIC) tuvieron una puntuación promedio más alta en la percepción de la CVRS total y por dimensiones referida a sus hijos frente a los progenitores de los nAU. El acuerdo entre niños y sus progenitores fue bajo, excepto en la dimensión autoestima. Los nIC y sus progenitores percibieron mejor CVRS que los nAU y sus progenitores. Las autopercepciones de los nIC y nAU de la CVRS fueron inferiores a las informadas por sus progenitores. CONCLUSIONES: Los hallazgos sugieren que los nIC y nAU de educación primaria de las Islas Canarias han mantenido percepciones discrepantes de su CVRS, autopercibiendo los nIC mejor CVRS que los nAU. Los pIC han alcanzado una puntuación promedio más alta de la CVRS de sus hijos que la expresada por los progenitores de nAU por razones de pertenencia a una provincia. Los profesionales que trabajan con los nIC y nAU deben optimizar las dimensiones de la CVRS de los nIC y nAU
INTRODUCTION: The objectives of the study were first, to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of primary school children from the Canary Islands with cochlear implants (CIs) and hearing aids (HAs). And second, to analyse parents' perceptions of their children with CIs and HAs regarding HRQoL, and finally, to explore the agreement between the children's self-reports and their parents' reports concerning HRQoL. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data consisted of 89 children with CIs and 63 children with HAs and their 152 parents. Two standardised instruments were used: Kid-KINDLR_children_7-13, Kid_Kiddo-KINDLR_Parents_ 7-17 and a demographic and audiological survey, which were answered by the children and their parents. Student's t-test, one-way ANOVA, post hoc analysis and 3 concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) were used to address the 3 objectives. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The children with CIs exhibited a perception of better HRQoL in comparison with the children with HAs. The children with CIs and HAs and their parents were significantly distinct in the provinces of Tenerife and Gran Canaria. The cchildren with CIs and HAs from Gran Canaria were better on Emotional well-being and Family, while the children with CIs and HAs from Tenerife emphasised Self-esteem or Friends. The parents of the children with CIs had a higher average score in the perception of the total HRQoL and per dimension related to their children compared to the parents of the children with HAs. The agreement between children and parents was low except in the Self-esteem dimension. The children with CIs and their parents demonstrated a perception of better HRQoL than the children with HAs and their parents. The children with CIs and HAs had lower self-perception of the HRQoL than their parents' reports. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the children with CIs and HAs in Primary Education in the Canary Islands have discrepant perceptions of their HRQoL; the children with CIs self-perceive better HRQoL than the children with HAs. The parents of the children with CIs achieved a higher average score of their children's HRQoL than the parents of the children with HAs due to their belonging to a province. Professionals working with CI and HA recipients need to be sensitive to psychological issues to optimise HRQoL dimensions in children with CIs and HAs